Types of composites used in dentistry 2024

Types of composites used in dentistry 2024, the advantages and disadvantages of using all types of composites

1. Types of Composites Flowable, Sealants, Bulk-fill, packable, core build-up, provisional

2. Flowable Composites These composites flow readily and can be delivered directly into cavity preparations by small needle cannulas attached to the syringes in which they are packaged. The material has low viscosity, which means it flows and adapts well to cavity walls and flows into microscopic irregularities created by diamond and carbide burs. 2

3. Flowable Composites Flowables are well suited for conservative dentistry. Some dentist use flowables instead of conventional sealant material. Low-viscosity, light-cured resins Lightly (~40%) or heavily (~70%) filled Useful as liners in large cavity preparations. They have a low elastic modulus Allows them to cushion stresses created by polymerization shrinkage or heavy occlusal loads. Flowable composites are useful for restoration of class V Noncarious .

4. Flowable Composites Lightly filled flowable composites: Shrink more when polymerized (about 4-6%) than the hybrid composites (<3%) Wear more readily Are weaker They are being improved to make them stronger and more durable with less shrinkage. Some manufacturers have developed self-adhesive flowable composites that bond directly to dentin without the need for a separate bonding agent.

5. Pit and Fissure Sealants Low-viscosity resins Vary in their filler content from no filler to more heavily filled resins. Heavily filled are essentially flowable composites. They are used to prevent dental caries in pits and fissures of teeth. 5

6. Bulk-Fill Composites Developed to speed up placement process of composite restoration The challenges of the bulk-fill composites are to have a depth of cure that permits increments of 4mm or more, to not shrink excessively, to flow well into all aspects of the preparation without voids, to have acceptable physical properties, and to be esthetic with good polishability .

7. Bulk-Fill Composites To achieve a greater depth of cure, manufacturers have increased the translucency , or reduced the amount of filler, or changed the chemical makeup to enhance polymerization when curing is initiated. Available in two consistencies: Flowable and Viscous nanohybrids https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DBJT_fGvI-g

8. Bulk-Fill Composites Has limitations on its use in the proximal box of class II restorations, because the depth of the box is often 6 to 7mm, far beyond curing capability. More than one increment (40-60 second) should be used in the proximal box Shade selection is limited Only 4 shades to choose from.

9. Packable Composites Highly viscous microhybrids The high volume of filler particles gives this material a stiff consistency. Makes it less likely to stick to composite instrument Posterior teeth restoration Class I and II restorations Because they are stronger and more wear resistant 9

10. Core Buildup Composites Core buildup composites are heavily filled composites used in badly broken-down teeth needing crowns. They replace missing tooth structure lost from dental caries of tooth fracture so that there is adequate structure to retain a crown. Core composites are strong and can be bonded to tooth structure to minimize bacterial leakage and increase retention. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AF2B6fI-D9U 10

11. Core Buildup Composite BU materials are often pigmented so that they can be easily identified. The figure shows composite core material with color contrasting to the tooth structure for easy identification during crown preparation . Dentin-colored core materials are used when all-ceramic crowns are to be placed. Can be: Light-cured Self-cured Dual-cured

12. Provisional Restorative Composites Provisional crowns and bridges hold the prepared teeth in position so they do not drift and change their proximal contact position or occlusion relation with the opposing teeth. Provisional restorations have the following functions: Provide esthetics in the smile zone Maintain proper speech Allow proper function for chewing Maintain proper form for oral hygiene Protect exposed dentin Provide good marginal seal

13. Provisional Restorative Composites Until the last decade, acrylic resins were widely used for the construction of provisional onlays , crowns and bridges. They are Inexpensive, but they also: Exhibit wear Shrink upon polymerization Release heat upon polymerization Have an unpleasant odor and taste Can discolor Messy to use

14. Provisional Restorative Composites Newer provisional materials made with bis-acrylics and rubberized urethane have improved the physical and mechanical properties. Bis-acryl composite resin is easy to handle and comes in a two-tube cartridge with automixing tips. It can be dispensed directly into the matrix (or carrier) for a provisional restoration. Exhibits very little shrinkage on curing Radiopaque More brittle than acrylic resin and tends to break more easily with longer-span bridge, though..

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