Types of Organized R e c r e a t i on G o v e r n m e n t r e c r ea t i o n a g e n c i es Voluntary non-profit organizations Pr i v a t e m e m b e r s h i p o r g a n i z a t i on s C o mm e r c i a l r e c r e a t i o n e n t e r p r i s es E m p l o y e e r e c r e a t i o n p r o g r a m s A r m ed f or ces r ec r e a t i o n Campus recreation T h e r a p e u t i c r e c r e a t i o n s e r v i c es
1 . Go v e r n m ent recreation agencies These are the federal, state, provincial agencies, and local departments that provide recreation and leisure as services as a primary function. Also include are other agencies that offer r e c r e a t i o n p r o g r a m s a s a s ec on d a r y r es p on s i b ili t y s u c h a s tho s e c o n c e r n ed w i t h s o c i a l s e r v i c e , ed u c a t i on , s p e c i al populations and the armed forces.
2 . V o l un t a r y n o n - p r o f it o r g a n i z a t i o n These are the governmental, non - pr o f it a g e nc i e s , b o t h sectarian and non-sectarian which serve the public at large with multiservice pr o g ra ms t h a t o f t e n i n c lu d e a substantial element of r e c r e a t i o n a l o p p o r t uni t y . The most popular voluntary organizations include the Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, YMCA, Y W C A , a n d YM - Y W H A .
T h e y p r o v i de r ec r e a t i on a l a n d social activities for their own members and in some cases assist community recreation needs. ( g o l f , t e nn i s , y a c h t , a t h l e t i c , a n d country clubs.) Also included under this category are the recreation sponsors connected to residence such as swimming pools, sports or fitness complexes or clubs attached to leisure villages, and apartments or condominium retirements or retirement communities. 3. Private membership o r g a n iz a tions
T h e s e a r e p r i v a t e ly o w n e d businesses which operate to make a profit such as ski ce n t e r s , b o wli n g a l l e y s , night clubs, movie houses, theaters, health spas or fitness centers, dancing schools and theme parks. 4. C o mm e r ci a l recreation enterprises
5 . E m p l o y e e r e c r e a t i o n p r o g r a m s They serve those who work for companies or e m p l o y e es b y p r o v i d i n g r ec r e a t i o n a s a p a r t o f a total personnel benefits package linked to oth er s e r v i c es c o n c e r n ed w i t h e m p l o y e e h e a l t h and fitness.
6 . A r m e d f o r c e s r e c r e a t i o n Although it is obviously a form of government- sponsored activity, it is unique in its setting and purpose. Each of the major branches of the a r m e d f o r c es op e r a t e s a n e x t e n s i v e n e t w o r k o f r e c r e a t i o n f ac i li t i es a n d p r o g r a m s .
It includes intramural athletics or sports clubs, social activities, travel programs, performing arts groups, entertainment, lounges, film series and other forms of recreation on college, and university campuses. 7. Campus r ec r e a t ion
Theses include any other program designed to meet the needs of persons with physical or mental di s a b i l i t i e s , i n di v i d u als wi t h poor health, dependent a gi n g p e r s on s , s o ci a l d e v i a n t persons in correctional fa c i l i t i e s , a n d s imi l a r s p e ci a l groups. 8. Thera p eut i c recreation services
In addition to the eight types of organized recreation, sports, and tourism represent major areas of recreational programming and constitute powerful economic forces through their attraction for people every age and background. Uniquely, they have strong links to each to the growing field of sports tourism and also overlap heavily with outdoor recreation attractions. Two Major Recreation Service Components
Sports are generally defined as physical activities de m a n d i n g e x e r t i on a n d s k i ll , i n v o l v i n g co m p et i t i on , carried on with both formal rules and general standards of etiquette and fair play. Sports as Popular Recreation Sports are major areas of recreational involvement. Of all the types of recreational involvement, sports command the highest degree of personal interest and emotional involvement.
TOURISM – A Major Recreation Service Component Tourism is a second major area of diversified recreational involvement. Several major elements in the tourism enterprise which are closely linked to the growth of tourism as a form of recreation are the theme parks, water parks, fun centers, and sports tourism.
T h e me Parks Theme parks usually c o n c e n t r a t e o n on e d o m i n a nt t h e m e w h i c h m a y b e h i s t o r i c a l , cultural or geographical. Like: Marine Zoological Park Disneyland
W at e r Parks A specialized type of theme park are the water parks, they feature wave pools, slides, chutes, shows and other forms of water based play and entertainment.
The purpose of sports tourism is to participate directly in a form of sport or attend sports evens as a spectator. In the past, only the team traveled the spectators remained behind to read about their favorite game or to experience the game through radio and television. The World Olympics is the biggest sports event. It attracts millions of spectators and generate millions of dollars in revenue. Sports T o urism
The Need for Pr o f e ss i o n a l Leaderships At present, there is a growing need for qualified professional leadership in the recreation field. Very often, people assume that the task of o r g aniz i n g an d c on d u c t i n g r ec r e a t i on p r o g r a m s i s r e l a t i v e l y s i m p l e an d t ha t an y one can do it without specialized training. However, the professional’s assignment in the organized recreation field tends to be more complex and difficult than that of the volunteer leader or coach. I t m us t i n v o l v e c a r e ful l y s t u d i e d g oal s and objectives and sophisticated planning techniques.
• R e c r e a t i o n P r o f es s i on a l s s ho u l d possess the skills needed for direct leadership and supervision, group dynamics and client assessment. They must have the ability to carry out basic research and write meaningful reports.
Emerging Pr o f e ss i o n a l Identity • A s e m p l o y me n t in r e c r ea t i o n a g e n c i es grew over the past several decades, r e c r ea t i o n g a i n ed p u b li c a s a f l o u r i s h i n g career field. • Millions of men and women b e c a m e e m p l o y e d i n v a r i o u s specialized sectors of recreation and leisure service. • M a n y ho l d p r o f es s i on a l - l e v el j ob s as recreation leaders, supervisors, planners, managers and resource specialist. Through the efforts of national, state and provincial societies, higher standards for practice were developed and the first steps of certification and accreditation were undertaken.
Challenges Facing the Recreation and Leisure Service Field in the Twenty- First Century R e c r e a t i o n a l p r o f e s s i o n a l m us t b e a b le t o d e a l c r e a t i v e l y w i t h t h e fol l o w i n g challenges. 1 . S e r v e d i v e r s e s o c i e t y ( r a c e , a g e , g e n d e r ) ; 2 . E mph a s i z e k ey s oc i a l pu r po s es of recreation in working with at-risk youth, serving persons with d i s a b i l i t i e s , a n d p r omo t i n g community development; 3. Achieve fuller public understanding of the value of recreation and parks, and of the leisure-service profession
Upgrade recreation and park programs and facilities particularly in inner cities and for minority populations; Adopt a benefits-based management approach, researching, proving and publicizing positive outcomes of recreation; Promote recreation’s identity as health-related field; Develop partnerships with environmental organizations to protect and restore wildlands, waterways; Employ marketing approach to achieve fiscal sufficiency and gain public respect and support;
Expand and improve family-centered programs and facilities; P r omo t e h i g h e r v a lu e s a n d e t h i c a l p r a c t ices i n y ou t h sports competition; St r i v e for fu l l e r m a i n s t r e a ming of persons with disabilities in community recreation programs;