Types of Packaging Materials used in Pharmaceuticals.pptx

Types of Packaging Materials used in Pharmaceuticals

1. Glass Plastics Rubbers Paper/card boards Metals Types of Packaging Materials used in Pharmaceuticals Glass Plastics Rubbers Paper/card boards Metals

2. THE CHOICE OF PACKAGING MATERIAL WILL DEPEND UPON: The degree of protection required Compatibility with the dosage form Customer convenience e.g. size, weight of dosage form,Filling method Sterilization method to be employed and cost

3. GLASS Glass has been widely used as a drug packaging material

4. GLASS

5. GLASS

6. GLASS

7. GLASS

8. PLASTICS Plastic may be defined as any group of substances, of natural or synthetic origins, mainly consisting of polymers of high molecular weight that can be moulded into any shape or form by using pressure and heat. General properties of plastics: They are polymers of high molecular weight , strong, light, aesthetic and easy to handle. They are poor conductor of heat

9. PLASTICS Advantages: Less weight than glass, flexible and available in variety of sizes and shapes, essentially chemically inert, strong, rigid, safe, high quality, various designs and extremely resistant to breakage. Disadvantages: Absorption, permeable to moisture, poor printing.

10. PLASTICS Types of Plastics: Thermosetting type: When they are heated, they become flexible, but do not become liquid e.g. Urea formaldehyde. Thermoplastics type: When they are heated, they are softened to viscous fluid which harden again on cooling. e.g. Polyethylene (HDPE - LDPE), Polyvinylchloride (PVC)

11. METALS Metals are used for the construction of containers, the most commonly used metals are aluminum, tin plated steel, stainless steel, tin and lead Advantages: They are impermeable to light, moisture and gases. They are made into rigid, unbreakable containers The containers made from metals are light in weight as compared to glass containers Disadvantages: Metal containers are expensive as compared to other containers. Metals react with certain chemicals resulting into the alteration in the chemical nature of the product.

12. Collapsible Tubes Metal: • They are attractive containers that permit controlled amounts to be dispensed easily with good re-closure, and provide adequate protection to the product. • It is light in weight, unbreakable. Most commonly used are tin, aluminum and lead. Iron: Advantages:• Iron as such is not used for pharmaceutical packaging, but used for the formation of steel which has its further applications as large quantities of tin • Use: fabrication of milk containers, screw caps and aerosol cans.

13. METALS Lead: Advantages: • Very soft metal, with lowest cost among all metals used as pharmaceutical containers. Disadvantages: • Lead risk of lead poisoning. Aluminum : Advantages:1 Aluminum is a light metal hence the shipment cost of the product is less. 2. They provide attractiveness of tin at somewhat lower cost. Disadvantages: create corrosion

14. RUBBER The natural rubber consists of long chain polymers. Main source of rubber is a tree. Rubber is used mainly for the construction of closure meant for vials, transfusion fluid bottles, dropping bottles etc.

15. RUBBER . Butyl Rubber Nitrile Rubber Chloroprene Rubbers Silicon Rubbers: Advantages: Permeability to water vapors and water absorption is very low. • Rubber is cheaper Disadvantages : • Above 130°C shows decomposition. Less resistance to oils and solvents Advantages : Oil resistant. Heat resistant. Disadvantages : Absorption of bactericide and leaching. Advantages : Bond is resistant to oxidation hence these rubbers age well. This rubber is oil resistant. Heat stability is good (up to 150°C) Advantages : • Heat resistance. Extremely low absorption and permeability to water. Excellent aging characteristic. Disadvantages : • They are very expensive.

16. PAPER AND BOARD Paper and Board: They are very important part of pharmaceutical packaging. Paper-based materials include: Labels, Cartons, Bags, Outers, Trays for Shrink Wraps, Layer Boards on Pallets, etc. The applications as well as advantages of cartons include: •Increases display area • Assembles leaflets • Provides physical protection, especially to items like metal collapsible tubes.

17. FILMS, FOILS AND LAMINATES: Regenerated cellulose film, cellulose coatings, foil and paper play different roles such as supportive, barrier, heat seal and decorative. Uses: Strip packs Blister packs Sachets