TYPES__OF__PLAGIARISM----WPS_Office.pptx

Types of Plagiarism

1. T YPES OF PLAGIARISM ; C I T A T I ONS

2. C I T A T I O NS

3. the way you tell your readers that certain material in your work came from another source. T h i s o c c u rs w h e n c r e d i t f o r a w o r k i s a s c r ibe d t o o n e s e lf u n t r u t h f ully . I t a l s o g i ves y o u r r e a d e rs t h e i n f o rmation n e c e ssary t o f i n d t h e l o c a tion d e t a i ls o f t h a t s o u r c e o n t h e r e f e rence o r w o r k s c i t e d page . A c i t a tion m u s t i n c l ude a s e t o f P a r e n t h e s es .

4. a . Author - O r i e n t e d C i t a t ions A n autho r - o r i e n t e d c i t a tion s t a r t s w i t h t h e s u r n ame o f t h e author , f o l l o w e d b y t h e y e a r o f p u b l i c a tion i n p a r e n t h e ses . V e r b s o f s t a t e m ent s u c h a s a r g u e s , p o s i t s , a n d e m p h a s i z e s a t t h e s t a r t o f p a r a g raph o r s e n t e nce m a y b e u s e d . E x a m p l e : P u l i d o ( 2 1 2 ) believe s t h a t l a n g u age i n a n o n l i n e e n v i ronment c a n b e u n d e r s t ood i f o t h e r m o d e s o f online c o m m u n i cation a r e f u r t her a n a l y z e d t o p r o v i de a f u l l a c c ount o f i n t e r a c tion i n v i r t u al w o r d s .

5. b . T e x t - o r i e n t e d c i t a tions I n a text - o r i e nted c i t a t i on , a p a r a g raph o r s e n tence f r o m a s o u r ce i s f o l l o w ed w i t h t h e s u r n ame o f t h e a u t h or o f t h e w o r k a n d t h e y e a r o f p u b l i c a tion . T h e c i t a t ion m u s t b e e n c l o s e d i n p a r e n theses . Example : Unles e d u c a tors r e a l i ze t h e i m p o rtance o f r e a d i n g a n d w r iting a c r o ss s u b j ect a r e a s , p r o b l em s i n c o m p r e h e n s i o n o f s u b j e c t m a t t er w i l l b e a p r o m i n ent i s s u e i n t h e t e a c h i ng l e a r n i n g p r o c e ss ( E s t a c i o , 2 1 ) .

6. c . A n o t h e r w a y o f Citation S t a r t t h e s e n t e nce o r p a r a g raph b y u s i n g t h e p h r a se " A c c o r ding t o . . . " f o l l o w e d b y t h e s u r n ame o f t h e a u t h or a n d t h e y e a r o f p u b l i c a tion e n c l o sed i n p a r e n t heses . E x a m p le : A c c o r d ing t o M e n d o z a ( 1 9 9 ) , b y t h e end o f t h e c e n t u ry , o u r f u e l r e s e r v e s w i l l b e r e d u ced t o h a l f , a n d s c a r c i t y of e n e rgy s u p p l ies w i l l b e b i g p r o b lem .

7. A s i d e f r o m t e x t , m o v i e s , i m a g e s a n d m u s i c should b e c i t e d i f u s e d o n y o u r p a p er . T h e g e n e ral r u l e i s t h a t t h e A u t h o r , t i t l e o f work ( m a y i t b e image , m o v i e o r music ) a n d y e a r i t w a s p r o d u c e d ( i f a p p l i cable ) b e i n c luded i n t h e c i t a tion . C o n s i d e r t h e f o l l owing e x a m p l es : Image s : 1 . Luna's S p o l i a r i u m ( 1 8 8 4 ) i n s p i red s e v e r a l a r t i s t s i n m u s i c a n d c r e a t i v e w r i ting t o p r o d uce w o r k s related t o t h i s p o w e r f u l p a i n t i ng .

8. V i d eo : 1 . S p e n c e r 's ( 2 9 ) " T h e M a t c h m a k e r " s h o w s t h e d i f f erent e x p erience s o f a r t i s t w h e n t h e y s t r u g gle w i t h s t a r d o m a n d d e a l w i t h t h e c o n s equences o f Fame a n d f o r t u n e . M u s i c : 1.The B e a t l e s ' s o n g " A H a r d Day's N i g ht " ( 1 9 6 4 ) f e a t u re s John L e n n o n a n d P a u l M c C a r t n e y 's g e n i u s t h a t w i l l i n f l uence g e n e r a t i ons o f m u s i c i a ns t o c r e a t e s o n g s t h a t c h a l l enge t h e norm .

9. N O T E - T A K I N G T E C H N I Q U ES

10. D i r e ct Quotation A d i r e c t quotation i s one i n w h i c h y o u copy a n author's w o r d s d i r e c t f r o m t h e t e x t a n d u s e t h a t e x a c t w o r d i n g i n y o u r e s s a y . T r y t o u s e d i r e ct quotation s s p a r i n g l y : only u s e t h e m w h e n t h e y are f o c u sed p r e c i se l y o n t h e p o i n t y o u w a n t t o m a k e a n d a r e b o t h b r i e f a n d t e l l ing , o r w h e r e t h e s u b s t a nce / w o r d i ng o f the quote i s w h a t y o u w i s h t o a d d r e s s .

11. a . F o r a s h o r t q u o tation , u s e q u o t ation m a r k s " " t o i n d icate t h a t t h e s e a r e s o m e o ne else's words . E x a m p le s : I n f a c t , Rumelhart s u g g est t h a t Schemata " t r u l y a r e t h e b u i l ding blocks o f cognition " ( 1 9 8 1 : 3 3 )

12. R u m e lhart ( 1 9 8 1 ) a t t e m pts to unravel the functions of Schemas , explaining t h e m through a series of analogies . b . F o r q u o t a tions l o n g er than t h r e e l i n e s , take a n e w l i n e a n d i n d e n t t h e q u o t e t o s e p a rate i t f r o m t h e m a i n t e x t ( i n t h i s c a s e y o u d o n o t require q u o t a tion m a r k s ) F o r e x a m p l e :

13. c . W h e n r e f e n c i n g t h e q u o te i n c l ude t h e p a g e n u m b e r f r o m w h i c h i t w a s t a k e n . F o r e xample : I n f a c t , R u m e l h a rt ( 1 9 8 1 : 3 3 ) Suggest s t h a t Schema " truly a r e t h e b u i l ding b l o c k s o f c o g n i ti o n " d . E n s u r e t h a t t h e g r a m m ar o f t h e quote i s c o n s i s tent w i t h t h e g r a m m ar o f y o u r s e n t e nce F o r e xample : Incorrect : P a s t a t t e m pts t o d e a l w i t h o r g a n i z a t i o n a l c o n f l i c t

14. p r o b l e ms " L e a d t o t h e d e v e lopment o f i n t e g r a t i v e a n d m i x e d s t r u c t ure s s u c h a s c o m m i t t e e s t a s k f o r c e s and m a t r i x s t r u c t ure " ( D a w s o n , 1 9 8 6 : 9 7 ) . C o r r ect : P a s t a t t e m pts t o d e a l with o r g a n i zational c o n f l i c t p r o b l ems h a v e l e d " t o t h e d e v e lopment o f i n t e g r ative and mixed s t r u ctures s u c h a s c o m m i t t ees , t a s k f o r c es a n d m a t r i x s t r u cture s " ( D a w s o n , 1 9 8 6 : 9 7 ) .

15. e . t o o m i t w o r d s f r o m t h e o r i ginal q u o te u s e t h r e e p e r i od m a r k s . . . t o i n d icate t h a t h a v e r e m o ved c e r t ain p h r a se s o r w o r d s . F o r example : I n f a c t , Rumelhart a s s e rt s t h a t S c h em a t a " a r e t h e f u n d a m e ntal e l e m en t s u p o n w h i c h a l l information p r o c e s s ing d e p ends . S c h e m a a r e e m p l oye d . . . i n a l l o c a t i n g r e s o u rces , a n d g e n e r a lly , i n g u i d i n g t h e f l o w o f p r o c e s s ing i n t h e s y s tem " ( 1 9 8 1 : 3 3 - 3 4 ) .

16. f . T o a d d w o r d s t o t h e o r i g i nal q u o t e u s e s q u are b r a c k ets [ ] F o r e xample : I n f a c t , Rumelhart asserts that s i n c e S c h e m a t a " a r e t h e f u n d a m ental elements u p o n w h i ch a l l information processing . . . [ an d play a l a r g e r o l e ] i n g u i ding the flow of processing in the syst em " ( 1 9 8 1 : 3 3 - 3 4 ) . g . T o i n d icate a g r a m m a t ical o r s p e l l ing e r r or i n t h e o r i ginal quote p l a c e ( s i c ) a f t er the e r r or

17. F o r example : I n 1 8 4 4 , t h e E y r e s t a t e d : w h e n ever E u r o p ean c o l o n i es h a v e b e e n e s t ablished i n Australia , t h e n a t i v e r a c e s i n t h a t n e i ghborhood r a p i d l y d e c r e a s i ng ( s i c ) , a n d already i n s o m e o f t h e o l d e r s e t t l e m ents , h a v e t o t a l l y d i s a p p e ared ( c i t e d i n C o u p e , 1 9 9 1 ) .

18. T H A N K Y O U M e m b ers : 1 . P a n a n digan Rosnida 2 . A s n i a B a r a o cor 3 . A l a n o d i n A z i s