types of salt IN FOOD PROCESSING GRADE 122.ppt

TYPES OF SALT

1. Types and
Properties
of Salt

2. Salt
•Salt is chemically defined as
the neutral product formed
as a result of a reaction
between an acid and an
alkali.

3. Types of Salt1.Table Salt
Table salt is one of the most commonly used salts in the
kitchen.

4. 1.Kosher Salt
Kosher salt is a type of crystalline edible salt, which
is a coarser as compared to table salt and has large-size
grains.

5. 1.Sea Salt
Sea salt is salt obtained by
the evaporation of sea water.

6. 4. Sel Gris or Gray Salt or Celtic Sea Salt
Sel gris or Gray salt is a courage grain
salt obtained from Brittany. It is an
unrefined sea salt that is light gray in color.

7. 5. Fleur de Sel
This salt is also obtained from Guerande region in
Brittany, France and it’s name means “flower of salts”.
Just like gray salt, this salt is also collected manually using
only wooden tools.

8. Himalayan Pink Salt
it is the purest form of salt in the world and
is harvested by hand from Khewra Salt Mine in the
Himalayan Mountains of Pakistan. Its color ranges
from off-white to deep pink.

9. Black Hawaiian Salt
also known as black lava salt. It is harvested
from the volcanic islands of Hawaii, It gets its deep
black color from the addition of active charcoal.

10. Rock Salt
Rock Salt differs from most other varieties of
salt for the fact that is mined from under the
earth and not obtained from sea water.

11. Red Hawaiian Salt
Also called alaea salt, this unrefined, red Hawaiian salt gets its name and color from
the reddish, iron – rich volcanic clay alaea.

12. Smoked Salt
Slow – smoked up to two weeks over a wood fire, (usually hickory, mesquite, apple,
oak or alder wood)smoked salt adds an intense and yes, smoky flavor to dishes.

13. Pickling Salt
Used for pickling and brining, pickling salt does not contain any added iodine or
anti-caking agents, nor many of the trace minerals of sea salt, which can cause ugly
discoloration of the preserved food.

14. Propertie
s of Salt

15. Color
Potassium dichromate, a bright orange salt used as a
pigment. Salt can appear to be clear and transparent
(sodium chloride), opaque, and even metallic and
lustrous (iron disulfide). In many cases, the apparent
opacity or transparency are only related to the
difference in size of the individual monocrystals. Since
light reflects from the grain boundaries (boundaries
between crystallites), larger crystals tend to be
transparent, while the polycrystalline aggregates look
like white powder.

16. Salts exist in many different colors;
Examples;
•Yellow (sodium chromate)
•Orange (potassium dichromate)
•Red (cobalt nitrate)
•Mauve (cobalt chloride hexahydrate)
•Blue (Copper sulfate pentahydrate, ferric hexacyanoferrate)
•Purple (potassium permanganate)
•Green (nickel chloride hexahydrate)
•Colorless (sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate)

17. TasteDifferent salts can elicit all five basic tastes…
Example:
•Salty (sodium chloride)
•Sweet (lead diacetate)
•Sour (potassium bitartrate)
•Bitter (magnesium sulfate)
•Umami or Savory (monosodium glumate)

18. Odor
Salts of strong acids and strong bases (“strong salts”)
are non-volatile and odorless, whereas as salts of either
weak acids or weak bases (“weak salts”) may smell after
the conjugate acid (ex. Acetates like acetic acid (vinegar)
and cyanides like hydrogen cyanide (almonds) or the
conjugate base (ex. Ammonium salts like ammonia) of
the component ions. That slow, partial decomposition is
usually accelerated by the presence of water, since
hydrolysis is the other falf of the reversible reaction
equation of formation of weak salts.

19. Solubility
Solubility, solubility of ionic compounds in water. Many ionic
compounds can be dissolved in water or other similar solvents. The exact
combination of ions involved makes each compound have a unique
solubility in any solvent. The solubility is dependent on how well each ion
interacts with the solvent, so there are certain patterns. For example, all
salts of sodium, potassium and ammonium are soluble in water, as are all
nitrates and many sulfates– barium sulfate, calcium sulfate (sparingly
soluble) and lead(II) sulfate are examples of exceptions. However, ions that
bind tightly to each other and form highly stable lattices are less soluble,
because it is harder for these structures to break apart for the compounds
to dissolve. For example, most carbonate salts are not soluble in water,
such as lead carbonate and barium carbonate. Some soluble carbonate salts
are: sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and ammonium carbonate.

20. Conductivity
Solid salts do not conduct electricity.
However, liquid salts do. Moreover, solutions of
salts also conduct electricity