Types of trademark in india

It includes, Product mark , Collective mark, Service, Certification and Shape mark.

1. w w w . v entu r e - care. c o m Ask @ v e n ture - ca r e.c o m 2 - 6 5 3 6 3 6 3 3

2. r ma r ks, shape ma r ks, e tc. The purp o se of the tr a d e ma r k is the s a me, ir r e s p e c t i ve of i t s t y p e . I t T a d e m a rks a r e of v a r i ous t y p e s; p rodu c t ma r k s, s e rvi c e ma r ks, c ol l e c t i ve ma r ks, c e rtifi c a t i on a l l ows the c onsum e rs to dis t in g uish the sour c e of the p r odu c t / s e rv i c e a nd a ssur e s the q u a l i t y o f the p r odu c t or s e rvi c e . The b a sic purp o se of a ll these tr a d e ma r ks is to h e lp c usto m e rs identi f y o r i g in and q u a l i t y of t h e und e r l y i n g p rodu c ts or s e r vic e s. EB O O K : THE E NTR E PREN E U R S‟ G U I DE T O P R OTEC T I N G BR A N D A ND B U S I N E SS N A ME I N I N D I A D O W N L O AD N OW A tr a de m a rk m a y be d i v i ded i n t o the f o l l o w i ng c a t e g o r i e s : 1 . P r o d u c t M a r k : A p r odu c t ma r k is si m i l a r to a tr a d e ma r k. The only dif f e r e n c e is, it r e f e rs to tr a d e ma r ks r e lat e d to p r odu c ts or g oods a nd not s e rvi c e s. I t is used to identi f y the sour c e of a p r odu c t a nd to dis t in g uish a manu f a c tu r e r ‟ s p r odu c ts f r om othe r s. On the whol e , a tr a d e ma r k is a n i m port a nt me a ns to p r ote c t the g o o dwill a nd r e putation of a B usiness. The a ppl i c a t i on for the tr a d e m a rk c a n be filed w i t hin f e w d a y s a nd “ T M ” s y mbol ca n b e use d . The time r e quir e d for t r a d e ma r k re g is t r y , to c o mp l e te fo r mali t ies is g e n e r a l l y a round 18 to 24 mon t hs. The ® (R e g is t e r e d s y mbo l ) ca n be u s e d n e x t to the tr a d e ma r k on c e the tr a d e ma r k is re g is t e r e d a nd r e g is t r a t i o n c e rtifi c a te is is s u e d. O n c e r e g is t e r e d, a t r a d e m a rk will be v a l i d for 10 y e a rs f rom the d a te of filin g , whi c h ca n b e re n e w e d time to t i me. S o p r odu c t ma r ks a r e those that a re a t t a c h e d to dis t in g uish the g o o ds or s e rvi c e s o f one manu f a c tu r e r f rom that of a nothe r . E x a mp l e s: w w w . v entu r e - care. c o m Ask @ v e n ture - ca r e.c o m 2 - 6 5 3 6 3 6 3 3

3. w w w . v entu r e -care. c o m 2 - 6 5 3 6 3 6 3 3 Ask @ v e n ture-ca r e.c o m 2 . S e r v ice M a r k : A s e rvi c e ma r k is the s a me a s a t r a d e ma r k, but ins t e a d of a p a rticul a r p r odu c t, it identifi e s a nd dif f e r e nt i a t e s the sour c e of a s e rvi c e . F o r e x a mp l e , a c ompa n y s u c h a s Y a hoo m a y b r a nd c e rt a in p r odu c ts with a tr a d e m a rk, but use a s e rvi c e ma r k on the in t e rn e t s e a r c hi n g s e rvi c e that it p r ovides. I t is d e noted b y „SM‟ . A s e rvi c e ma r k is noth i ng but a ma r k that dis t i n g uishes the s e rvi c e s of one p r opri e tor/own e r f r om that of a nothe r . S e rvi c e m a rks do not r e p r e s e nt g oods, but the s e rvi c e s o f f e r e d b y the c ompa n y . Th e y a r e used in a s e rvi c e busin e ss w h e re a c tual g oods un d e r t h e ma r k a re not tr a d e d . Compani e s p r ovid i ng s e rvi c e s l i ke c ompu t e r h a r dw a re a nd softw a re a s s e mb l y , r e sta u r a nt a nd hotel s e rvi c e s, c ouri e r a n d tr a nsport, b e a u t y a nd h e a l t h c a r e , a d v e rtis i n g , p ubl i shin g , e tc. a re now in a posit i on to p r ote c t t h e ir n a mes a nd m a rks f r o m b e ing m i sused b y oth e rs. The ru l e s g ov e rni n g for the s e rv i c e ma r ks a re fund a ment a l l y the s a me a s a n y other t r a d e m a rks. E x a mp l e s: 3 . Co l le c t i v e M a r k : Th e se a re the tr a d e m a r k s used b y a g roup o f c ompani e s a nd ca n be p r ote c ted b y the g r oup c ol l e c t i v e l y . Col l e c t i ve ma r ks a r e u s e d to info r m the publ i c a bout a p a r t i c ular c h a ra c te r is t ic of the p r odu c t for whi c h the c ol l e c t i ve ma r k is used. The own e r of s u c h ma r ks m a y be an a ssoci a t i on or publ i c ins t i t ut i on or it m a y b e c oop e r a t i v e . Col l e c t i ve ma r ks a r e a lso used to p r omo t e p a rticul a r p r od u c ts whi c h h a ve c e rt a in c h a r a c t e rist i c s spe c if i c to the p r odu c e r in a g iven fi e ld. Thus, a c ol l e c t i ve t r a d e m a rk ca n be used b y a more than o n e tr a d e r, p rovid e d that the tr a d e r b e lon g s to the a ss o c iation. The tr a d e r a ssoci a ted wi t h a p a rticul a r c ol l e c t i ve ma r k is r e spons i ble for e nsuring the c omp l ian c e with c e rt a in stan d a rds w hich a re fi x e d in the re g ulations c o n c e rni n g the use of the c ol l e c t i v e ma r k, b y its memb e rs. Thus, the purp o se of t h e c ol l e c t i ve ma r k is to i n fo r m the publ i c a bout c e rt a in f e a tu r e s of t h e p r odu c t for whi c h the c ol l e c t i ve ma r k is used. One e x a mp l e of t h e c ol l e c t i ve ma r k is the m a rk “ C P A ” , wh i c h is used to ind i c a te memb e rs of t h e S o c ie t y of C e rtifi e d P ubl i c A c c ountants.

4. 4 . C e r t i f i c a t i o n M a r k : I t is a s i g n ind i c a t i ng t h a t the g oods/s e rvi c e s a re c e rtifi e d b y the own e r of the s i g n in t e rms of o r i g in, mat e ri a l, qu a l i t y , a c c u r a c y or other c h a r a c t e rist i c s. This dif f e rs f r om a stand a rd tr a d e m a rk whose fun c t i on is to dis t in g uish the g oods/s e rvi c e s that o r i g inate f r om a s i n g le c ompa n y . I n short, c e rtifi c a t i on m a rks a r e used to d e fine the stand a rd. Th e y g u a r a n t e e the c onsum e rs t h a t the p r odu c t me e ts c e rt a i n p r e s c rib e d stand a rds. The o c c u r r e n c e of a c e rtifi c a t i on ma r k on a p r odu c t ind i c a tes that t h e p r odu c t h a s g o n e thro u g h the stan d a rd tests sp e c ified. Th e y g u a r a n t e e the c onsum e rs that the manu f a c tu r e rs h a ve g one thro u g h a n a udit p r o c e s s to e nsu r e the d e sir e d qu a l i t y of the p r od u c t / s e rvi c e . F o r e x a mp l e , F o o d p r odu c ts, T o y s, Cos m e t i c s, Ele c tric a l g oods, e tc. h a ve s u c h ma r ki n g t h a t spe c ifies the s a f e t y a nd the qu a l i t y of the p ro d u c t. E x a mp l e s: 5 . S h a p e m a r k s : A c c o r di n g to the I ndian T r a d e m a rks A c t, 1999, a tr a d e ma r k m a y a lso incl u de the shape of g oods, their p a c k a g i n g , so long a s it is poss i ble to g r a ph i c a l l y r e p r e s e nt the shape c le a r l y . This h e lps in dis t in g uish i ng the g oods sold und e r such tr a d e ma r k f r om tho s e o f a not h e r manu f a c tur e r. The n e w T r a d e Ma r ks O r din a n c e (C a p. 55 9 ) c ont i nu e s to a l l ow re g is t r a t i on of s u c h ma r ks. W h e n the shape of g o o ds, p a c k a g i n g h a ve so m e dis t inctive f e a ture it c a n be re g is t e r e d. F or e x a mp l e , O r n a ment a l L a mps. I n c e rt a in c a s e s, the (th r e e - di m e nsion a l) shape of a p rodu c t or p a c k a g i n g c a n be a tr a d e ma r k ( f or e x a mp l e a special l y d e s i g n e d bot t le of p e r f ume ) . I n a nutsh e l l , S h a pe M a r k h a s f a c i l i t a ted p romotion of p r odu c ts a nd e me r g e d in t o the t r a d e m a rk t y pe a ft e r the te c hnol o g i c a l a dv a n c e ment of g r a p hics. A n y g r a phic a l r e p res e ntation whi c h is a ble to make a dif f e r e n c e a m o n g st the p r od u c ts ca n be shape ma r k e d. w w w . v entu r e - care. c o m Ask @ v e n ture - ca r e.c o m 2 - 6 5 3 6 3 6 3 3

5. E x a mp l e s: 6 . P a t t e r n M a r k : Th e se a re the ma r ks c o n si s t i ng of a p a t t e rn whi c h is c a p a ble of identi f y i n g the g oods or s e rvi c e s a s o r i g i n a t i ng f r om a p a rticul a r un d e rt a ki n g a n d thus dis t in g uish i ng it f r om those of oth e r und e rt a ki n g s. S u c h g oo d s/ s e rvi c e s a r e r e g is t r a ble a s P a t t e rn Ma r ks. The p r o c e du r e of e v a l u a t i ng unique n e ss of p a t t e rn ma r ks is s a m e a s that of other t y p e s of m a rks. P a t t e rn ma r ks that a re d e s c riptive or ind i st i n c t i ve a re obje c t i on a ble b e c a u s e th e y f a il to s e rve as a n identifi e r of t r a de sour c e . S u c h g oods/s e rvi c e s would not be a c c e pted f or re g is t r a t i on without e viden c e o f uniquen e ss. I n c a s e s wh e r e the p a t t e rn ma r k h a s b e c ome i d e nt i fi e d in the m i nds of the publ i c with a p a rtic u lar und e r t a king‟s g oods or s e rvi c e s, it r e c e ives a c quir e d dis t inctiven e ss a nd ca n r e g is t e r f o r P a t t e rn Ma r k. Thus, P a t t e rn T r a d e m a r k is a t r a d e m a rk w h e r e i n the p a t t e rn is a b l e to dis t in g uish the p r od u c t f r om other b r a nds. E x a mp l e s: w w w . v entu r e - care. c o m Ask @ v e n ture - ca r e.c o m 2 - 6 5 3 6 3 6 3 3

6. 7 . S o u n d M a r k : S ometi m e s, the sound t h a t pl a y s in the a dv e rtisem e nt b e c omes so w e ll known that wh e n p e ople h e a r it th e y i m medi a t e l y know wh a t p r od u c t / s e rv i c e it ref e rs to. I n such c a s e s, the sound m a y be re g a r d e d a s a t r a d e m a rk a nd is e l i g ib l e f o r re g is t r a t i on. A sound ma r k is a tr a d e ma r k wh e re a p a rticul a r sound do e s the fun c t i on of unique l y identi f y i n g the o r i g in of a p r od u c t or a s e rvi c e . I n the c a se of sound ma r ks, a c e rt a in s o und is a ssoci a ted with a c ompa n y or its p r odu c t or s e rvi c e s – for e x a mp l e , the MGM‟s ro a r o f a l i o n. The sound l o g o, te c hn i c a l l y r e f e r r e d to a s a udio m n e mon i c , is one of the t o ols of sound b r a ndi n g , a long with the b r a nd m u sic. A sound lo g o is a s h o r t dis t inctive melo d y m ost l y posit i on e d a t the b e g inn i n g or e ndi n g of a c om m e r c ial. I t ca n b e s e e n a s t h e a c oustic e qui v a lent of a vis u a l lo g o. O f ten a c omb i n a t i on of b oth t y p e s of l o g o is used to e n f o r c e the re c o g ni t ion of a b r a nd. E x a mp l e s: w w w . v entu r e - care. c o m Ask @ v e n ture - ca r e.c o m 2 - 6 5 3 6 3 6 3 3

7. w w w . v entu r e -care. c o m Ask @ v e n ture-ca r e.c o m 2 - 6 5 3 6 3 6 3 3