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UCSP

1. UCSP U nderstanding C ulture, S ociety and P olitics QUARTER 1 – MODULE 1 N ature and G oals of A nthropology , S ociology and P olitical S cience

2. QUARTER 1 – MODULE 1 N ature and G oals of A nthropology , S ociology and P olitical S cience LESSON 1: Articulation of Cultural variation, Social Differences and Political Identities. LESSON 2 : Dynamism of Cultural, Social and Political Change. LESSON 3 : Intersections, Inquiry and Importance of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Sciences.

3. After going through this module, you are expected to: 1. articulate observations on human cultural variation, social differences, social change, and political identities; 2. demonstrate curiosity and an openness to explore the origins and dynamics of culture and society, and political identities; 3. analyze social, political, and cultural change;

4. After going through this module, you are expected to: 4. recognize the common concerns or intersections of anthropology, sociology, and political science with respect to the phenomenon of change; and 5. identify the subjects of inquiry and goals of Anthropology, Sociology, and Political Science.

5. LESSON 1 Articulation of Cultural variation, Social Differences and Political Identities After the lesson you will be able to articulate observations on human cultural variation, social differences, social change, and political identities.

6. – not about how we differ. – is about embracing one another’s uniqueness. DIVERSITY

7. ACTIVITY 1 INSTRUCTION: Complete the missing letters to form a word that describe from three clue words.

8. 1. R _ _ I _ I O N pray Bible conviction R E L I G I O N

9. 2. _ T H N _ _ _ T Y radal tribal folk E T H N I C I T Y

10. 3. T R _ D I _ _ _ _ belief culture conventional T R A D I T I O N

11. 4. _ A T _ _ _ A L I _ Y citizenship nation race N A T I O N A L I T Y

12. 5. C U _ T _ R _ art way of life heritage C U L T U R E

13. QUESTION What makes us different? Why we have understand our differences?

14. QUESTION Do you believe that people who are differently abled and underpreviledge are still able to contribute to society? Explain your answer.

15. CULTURAL VARIATIONS Refers to the differences in social behaviors that different cultures exhibit around the world.

16. TYPES OF CULTURAL VARIATIONS 1. RELIGION 2. ETHNICITY 3. NATIONALITY

17. RELIGION It is a system of beliefs and practices as well as systems of actions directed toward entities which are above man. It is an organized system of ideas about the spiritual sphere or the supernatural.

18. ETHNICITY It is the expression of the art of cultural ideas held by a distinct ethics or indigenous group.

19. NATIONALITY Is the legal relationship that bands a person and a country. It allows the state to protect and have jurisdiction over a person.

20. SOCIAL DIFFERENCES Are the differences among the individuals on the basis of social characteristics and qualities.

21. TYPES OF SOCIAL DIFFERENCES 1. GENDER 2. SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS 3. EXCEPTIONALITY

22. GENDER Is the socially - constructed characteristics of being male or female. It serves us guide on how males and females think and act about themselves.

23. SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS Refers to the category of persons who have more or less the same socio-economic priviledges . These are Upper Class, Middle Class and Lower Class.

24. EXCEPTIONALITY Refers to the state of being intellectually gifted and / or having physically or mentally challenged conditions.

25. EXAMPLES OF EXCEPTIONALITY a. Personality/ behavior b. Communication (learning disability, speech impairment & hearing problems) c. Intellect (mild intellectual & mental development disabilities)

26. EXAMPLES OF EXCEPTIONALITY d. Physical appearance (blind – low vision) e. Or a condition of more than one specific exceptionality/ disability.

27. VARIATIONS WITHIN CULTURES 1. SUBCULTURE 2. COUNTER CULTURE 3. HIGH / POPULAR CULTURE

28. SUBCULTURE Is a segment of society which shares a distinctive pattern of mores, folkways, and values which differ from the pattern of larger society. These are groups that have specific cultural traits that set them apart from the dominant culture.

29. COUNTER CULTURE Is a group whose values and norms place it at odds with mainstream society or a group that actively rejects dominant cultural values and norms.

30. COUNTER CULTURE In most Western countries, the 1960s saw the rise of different countercultural groups and social movements that sought to dismantle the different inequalities that were then part of the dominant culture, such as racism (Civil Rights movement), sexism (modern Feminist movement) and homophobia (Gay rights movement).

31. HIGH CULTURE Is a term now used in a number of different ways in academic discourse most common meaning is the set of cultural products, mainly in the arts, held in the highest esteem by a culture.

32. POPULAR CULTURE Is a culture based on the tastes of ordinary people rather than an educated elite.

33. POLITICAL IDENTITY Is almost always associated with a group affiliation and describes the ways in which being a member of a particular group might express specific political opinions and attitudes.

34. TYPES OF POLITICAL IDENTITY 1. PARTISAN POLITICS 2. RACE & IDENTITY 3. CLASS & IDENTITY 4. COLONIALISM & IDENTITY

35. PARTISAN POLITICS Refers to a specific political party affiliation or partisan identity.

36. ACTIVITY 2 INSTRUCTION: Provide examples of each cultural variation that you can observe in your community.

37. A.Subculture : 1. _______________________________ 2. _______________________________ B. Counter Culture: 3. _______________________________ 4. _______________________________ C. High Culture/ Popular Culture: 5. _______________________________ 6. _______________________________

38. A.Subculture : 1. _______________ 2. _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ B. Counter Culture: 3. _______________________________ 4. _______________________________ _______________________________ Hippies Goths Civil rights movement Feminist movement Biker gangs Heavy metals Hiphop Gay rights movement

39. C. High Culture/ Popular Culture: 5. ________________________________ 6. ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ Popular music Attend art exhibit Appreciation of opera; gourmet; foods; and wines, etc. Cyber culture

40. SUMMARY Cultural variations refer to the differences in social behaviors that different cultures exhibit around the world. These are religion, ethnicity, and nationality.

41. SUMMARY Social differences are the differences among the individuals on the basis of social characteristics and qualities. These are gender , socio-economic status , and exceptionality .

42. SUMMARY • Variation within cultures is segmented into subcultures , counter culture , high culture , and popular culture .

43. SUMMARY Political identity is almost always associated with a group affiliation and describes the ways in which being a member of a particular group might express specific political opinions and attitudes.

44. QUESTION 1. How does the COVID-19 pandemic affect the socio-economic status of your family? 2. What does political identity mean to you?

45. POST TEST Instruction: Choose the best answer from the words inside the box. cultural variation gender social differences nationality counter culture exceptionality subculture ethnicity socio-economic status religion

46. __________1. It refers to the differences among the individuals on the basis of social characteristics and qualities. __________2. It is a system of beliefs and practices as well as systems of actions directed toward entities which are above men. __________3. It is the expression of the set of cultural ideas held by a distinct ethics or indigenous group.

47. __________4. It is the legal relationship that binds a person and a country. __________ 5. It refers to the category of persons who have more or less the same Socio-economic privileges. __________6 . It refers to the state of being intellectually gifted and/ or having physically or mentally challenged conditions.

48. __________7. It is a segment of society which shares a distinctive pattern of mores, folkways, and values which differ from the pattern of larger society. __________8. It is a group whose values and norms place it at odds with mainstream society or a group that actively rejects dominant cultural values and norms.

49. __________9. It serves as a guide on how males and females think and act about themselves. __________10. It refers to the differences in social behaviors that different cultures exhibit around the world.

50. POST TEST CORRECT ANSWERS

51. __________1. It refers to the differences among the individuals on the basis of social characteristics and qualities. __________2. It is a system of beliefs and practices as well as systems of actions directed toward entities which are above men. __________3. It is the expression of the set of cultural ideas held by a distinct ethics or indigenous group. SOCIAL DIFFERENCES RELIGION ETHNICITY

52. __________4. It is the legal relationship that binds a person and a country. __________ 5. It refers to the category of persons who have more or less the same Socio-economic privileges. __________6 . It refers to the state of being intellectually gifted and/ or having physically or mentally challenged conditions. NATIONALITY SOCIO- ECONOMIC STATUS EXCEPTIONALITY

53. __________7. It is a segment of society which shares a distinctive pattern of mores, folkways, and values which differ from the pattern of larger society. __________8. It is a group whose values and norms place it at odds with mainstream society or a group that actively rejects dominant cultural values and norms. SUBCULTURE COUNTER CULTURE

54. __________9. It serves as a guide on how males and females think and act about themselves. __________10. It refers to the differences in social behaviors that different cultures exhibit around the world. GENDER CULTURAL VARIATIONS

55. ADDITIONAL ACTIVITES Expound by reflecting Question: Should “gender identity” be added to anti-discrimination laws? Explain.

56. LESSON 2 Dynamism of Cultural, Social, and Political Change After the lesson you will be able to cite and analyze the social, cultural, and political change.

57. ACTIVITY 1 INSTRUCTION: Compare the culture of the Philippines and the USA in terms of the language, religion, costume, and arts by using the chart below. CULTURE PHILIPPINES USA LANGUAGE RELIGION COSTUME ARTS

58. ACTIVITY 2 INSTRUCTION: Identify at least ten social, cultural, and political change in your country in the past century.

59. ACTIVITY 3 INSTRUCTION: Complete the table by giving the significant contributions of the following administrations to the different sectors of the country. SECTOR ESTRADA ADMINISTRATION ARROYO ADMINISTRATION AQUINO ADMINISTRATION DUTERTE ADMINISTRATION EDUCATION HEALTH AGRICULTURE JUSTICE LABOR & EMPLOYMENT

60. QUESTION How does innovation become an agent of social change in the context of the Philippine society at present?

61. Organizations differ from one another for three reasons: 1. interaction isolates and differentiates them; 2. their histories are unique; and 3. the problems with which their social patterns must deal are different and this influences what patterns are in turn developed.

62. ANTHROPOLOGY Is the study of humans and human behavior and societies in the past and present. It is a wide-ranging, including, fossil remains, non-human primate anatomy and behavior, artifacts from past cultures, past and present languages, and all the prehistoric and contemporary cultures of the world.

63. SOCIOLOGY Is the scientific study of society, patterns of social relationships, social interaction, and culture. It is the systematic interpretation of codes and conducts in the form of language, symbols, face expressions, dress, food, music etc. used by people in society.

64. The Birth of Social Sciences as a Response to the Social Turmoil of the Modern Period: SOCIOLOGY : Auguste Comte , was a French philosopher. He was a founder of the discipline of sociology and of the doctrine of positivism. He is sometimes regarded as the first philosopher of science in the modern sense of the term.

65. Harriet Martineau, is a self-taught expert in political economic theory, and wrote prolifically about the relations between politics, economics, morals, and social life throughout her career. Her intellectual work was centered by a staunchly moral perspective that stemmed from her Unitarian faith. She was fiercely critical of the inequality and injustice faced by girls and women, slaves, wage slaves, and the working.

66. Karl Marx , a philosopher, social scientist, historian and revolutionary, Karl Marx, is without a doubt the most influential socialist thinker to emerge in the 19th century. The Father of Modern Socialism, communism and conflict theory.

67. Emile Durkleim was a French sociologist, social psychologist and philosopher. He formally established the academic discipline and with Karl Marx and Max Weber, is commonly cited as the principal architect of modern social science and father of sociology.

68. Max Weber was a German sociologist, philosopher, jurist, and political economist whose ideas profoundly influenced social theory and social research.

69. ANTHROPOLOGY : Franz Boas was a German- American anthropologist and a pioneer of modern anthropology who has been called the "Father of American Anthropology” His work is associated with the movement of anthropological historicism.

70. Bronislaw Malinowski was a Polish anthropologist, one of the most important 20th-century anthropologists. He has also been referred to as a sociologist and ethnographer. He is considered the father of ethnographic methodology by most field working anthropologist because of his ideas on participant observation.

71. Alfred Reginald Radcliffe Brown was an English social anthropologist who developed the theory of structural functionalism and coadaptation.

72. POLITICAL SCIENCE : Walter Lippmann was an American writer, reporter, and political commentator famous for being among the first to introduce the concept of Cold War, coining the term "stereotype" in the modern psychological meaning, and critiquing media and democracy in his newspaper column and several books.

73. SOCIAL CHANGE Refers to an alteration of mechanism within the social structure, characterized by changes in cultural symbols, rules of behavior, social organizations, or value systems.

74. CULTURAL CHANGE Is the modification of a society through innovation, invention, discovery, or contact with other societies.

75. POLICAL CHANGE Refers to a subject matter that is in constant flux. It deals not only with the major processes of growth, decay and breakdown but also with a ceaseless ferment of adaptation and adjustment of political systems. It highlights the magnitude and variety of the changes that occurred in the world’s political systems.

76. ACTIVITY 4 INSTRUCTION: Complete the names of these famous philosophers/ sociologists who made great contributions in the Birth of Social Sciences. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. COMPLETE THE NAME

77. K R A X 1. He is the Father of Modern Socialism, communism and Conflict Theory. M B R W 2. His ideas profoundly influenced social theory and social research.

78. R Z O 3. He is called the "Father of American Anthropology” U T E C O 4. He was a founder of the discipline of sociology and of the doctrine of positivism. S A

79. A R P 5. He was first to introduce the concept of Cold War, coining the term "stereotype" in the modern psychological meaning, and critiquing media. W M L N

80. ACTIVITY 4 COMPLETE THE NAME ANSWER KEY

81. K A R L M A R X 1. He is the Father of Modern Socialism, communism and Conflict Theory. M A X E B E R W 2. His ideas profoundly influenced social theory and social research.

82. F R A N Z B O A 3. He is called the "Father of American Anthropology” U G U T E C O S 4. He was a founder of the discipline of sociology and of the doctrine of positivism. S A M T E

83. A L T R I P E 5. He was first to introduce the concept of Cold War, coining the term "stereotype" in the modern psychological meaning, and critiquing media. W P M A L N

84. SUMMARY Organizations differ from one another for three reasons: interaction isolates and differentiates them , their histories are unique , and the problems with which their social patterns must deal are different and this influences what patterns are in turn developed .

85. SUMMARY The Birth of Social Sciences as a Response to the Social Turmoil of the Modern Period such as Auguste Comte , Harriet Martineau , Karl Marx , Emile Durkleim , Max Weber , Franz Boas , Bronislaw Malinowski , Alfred Reginald Radcliffe Brown , and Walter Lippmann .

86. SUMMARY Social change refers to an alteration of mechanism within the social structure, characterized by changes in cultural symbols, rules of behavior, social organizations, or value systems.

87. SUMMARY Cultural Change is the modification of a society through innovation, invention, discovery, or contact with other societies.

88. SUMMARY Political change highlights the magnitude and variety of the changes that occurred in the world’s political systems.

89. SUMMARY Sources/ Agents of Change are innovation , action of leaders , and Social Conflicts .

90. ADDITIONAL ACTIVITES Expound by reflecting Question: Explain why openness to accept the dynamism of each country’s culture, society, and politics connect us to our very own history as people with a distinct set of challenges we are called to reflect, confront and address?

91. POST TEST A. Instruction: Match the concepts in Column A to the words in Colum B. Write the letter of the correct answer on your Answer Sheet.

92. COLUMN A COLUMN B ______ 1. Father of American A. Auguste Comte Anthropology ______ 2. Social theory B. Karl Marx ______ 3. Conflict theory C. Franz Boas ______ 4. Social interaction D. Max Weber ______ 5. Doctrine of positivism E. Anthropology ______ 6. Father of ethnographic F. Harriet Martineau methodology ______ 7. Concept of Cold War G. Walter Lippmann ______ 8. Political economic theory H. Bronislaw Malinowski ______ 9. Theory of structural I. Sociology functionalism ______ 10. Human behavior J. Alfred Reginald Brown

93. B. Instruction: Name the three agents of cultural, sociology, and political change. Provide descriptions for each agent.

94. POST TEST ANSWER KEY

95. COLUMN A COLUMN B ______ 1. Father of American A. Auguste Comte Anthropology ______ 2. Social theory B. Karl Marx ______ 3. Conflict theory C. Franz Boas ______ 4. Social interaction D. Max Weber ______ 5. Doctrine of positivism E. Anthropology ______ 6. Father of ethnographic F. Harriet Martineau methodology ______ 7. Concept of Cold War G. Walter Lippmann ______ 8. Political economic theory H. Bronislaw Malinowski ______ 9. Theory of structural I. Sociology functionalism ______ 10. Human behavior J. Alfred Reginald Brown C D B I A H G F J E

96. B. Instruction: Name the three agents of cultural, sociology, and political change. Provide descriptions for each agent. 1. Innovation 2. Action of leaders 3. Social Conflicts

97. B. Instruction: Name the three agents of cultural, sociology, and political change. Provide descriptions for each agent. is a social creation and institutionalization of new ideas. 1. Innovation –

98. A leader is someone who has the power to influence others or who is in charge or in command of a social situation. 2. Action of leaders – is defined as the struggles for agency or power in society. 3. Social Conflicts –

99. ADDITIONAL ACTIVITES Question: How does “conflict” as an agent of social change relate with the Proclamation of Martial Law in Mindanao by President Rodrigo Roa Duterte?

100. LESSON 3 Intersections, Inquiry and Importance of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Sciences. After the lesson you will be able to focus on more detailed descriptions of these important social sciences particularly on each subject’s inquiry and importance.

101. QUESTION Expound by reflecting Describe your experiences in the current COVID-19 pandemic. Explain how it affects the culture in your family and community. You may draw or make an essay.

102. ACTIVITY 1 INSTRUCTION: Search at least two articles about common problems or issues of anthropology, sociology and political science in the Philippines. Then make a reflection paper from the gathered articles.

103. SOCIAL SCIENCE Is a division of science that deal with the functions and structure of human society, as well as the interpersonal relationship of individuals as members of society.

104. THREE BRANCHES OF SOCIAL SCIENCE 1. ANTHROPOLOGY 2. SOCIOLOGY 3. POLITICAL SCIENCE

105. EMPIRICAL PROOF Is a rational proof laid the foundation for modern science, the idea of thinking developed into a proof.

106. RATIONAL PROOF

107. ANTHROPOLOGY Is the scientific study of the origins of humans, how we have changed over the years, and how we relate to each other, both within our own culture and with people from other cultures.

108. ANTHROPOLOGY Anthropos is the Greek word for “human being” and the suffix –logos means “the study of” .

109. SOCIOLOGY Is the scientific study of society. Sociology is derived from the Latin word socius which means “ associate or companion ” and the Greek word logos which means “the study of” .

110. POLITICAL SCIENCE Is the systematic study of the state, government and politics.

111. POLITICAL SCIENCE The word politics is derived from the Greek word polis which means “city-state” or what today would be equivalent to sovereign state. The word “science” comes from the Latin word scire which means “to know” .

112. ACTIVITY 2 INSTRUCTION: Differentiate empirical proof from rational proof, and cite an example for each.

113. SUMMARY Sociology is the scientific study of society. It seek to provide an analysis of human society and culture with a sociological perspective.

114. SUMMARY Anthropology is the scientific study of the origins of humans, how we have changed over the years, and how we relate to each other, both within our own culture and with people from other cultures.

115. SUMMARY Political science is one important branch of social science and its concern is with the political behavior of individuals, groups of individuals, agencies, institutions and organizations, among others.

116. QUESTION Expound by reflecting Instructions: Search a specific article about social problem, and reflect on how social sciences can contribute in solving problems in society? Explain.

117. POST TEST A. Instruction: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is incorrect. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

118. __________1. All three social sciences are disciplines which are important to the study of society because it encourages care and objectivity. __________2. Philosophers and Mathematicians rely heavily on rational proof. __________3. Max Weber describes science as “value-free” investigation.

119. __________4. Sociology is the systematic and scientific study of the human social life. __________5. Political Science is a science of politics and politics as a governmental determination of who gets what, when and how.

120. POST TEST ANSWER KEY

121. __________1. All three social sciences are disciplines which are important to the study of society because it encourages care and objectivity. __________2. Philosophers and Mathematicians rely heavily on rational proof. __________3. Max Weber describes science as “value-free” investigation. TRUE TRUE TRUE

122. __________4. Sociology is the systematic and scientific study of the human social life. __________5. Political Science is a science of politics and politics as a governmental determination of who gets what, when and how. TRUE TRUE

123. ADDITIONAL ACTIVITES Question 1 : Why is total objectivity impossible to achieve? Question 2 : Explain the social world today under the new political culture in the administration of President Rodrigo Roa Duterte.