Understanding Oxygen Therapy|Oxygen Therapy

Oxygen therapy is a medical treatment that provides extra oxygen to patients who have difficulty breathing or low oxygen levels in their blood. It can be delivered through a nasal cannula, face mask, or other devices. This therapy is commonly used to manage conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia, asthma, and heart failure. It helps improve oxygen saturation, reduce strain on the heart, and enhance overall quality of life.

1. OXYGEN THERAPY O2 THERAPY Mechanism, Benefits, and Clinical Applications

2. TABLE OF CONTENT Introduction of oxygen therapy Indication of oxygen therapy Goal of oxygen therapy Clinical objectives of oxygen therapy Factors of oxygen therapy Classification of oxygen therapy Low flow devices Reservoir devices High flow devices

3. INTRODUCTION OF OXYGEN THERAPY DEFINITION Oxygen Therapy is usually defined as the administration of oxygen at concentrations greater than those found in room air

4. INDICATION OF OXYGEN THERAPY Treat acute or emergency situation like dyspnoea,tachypnea Hypoxemia Severe trauma Myocardial infraction Post-operative conditions

5. GOAL OF OXYGEN THERAPY Maintain adequate tissue oxygenation while minimizing cardiopulmonary works

6. CLINICAL OBJECTIVES OF OXYGEN THERAPY Correcting hypoxemia Decreasing symptoms of hypoxemia Minimizing cardiopulmonary works

7. FACTOR OF OXYGEN THERAPY Factor that determine which system to use PATIENT FACTOR- comfort,respiratory rate Equpiment factor- oxygen flow rate,type of mask Additional factor-need of other gases or vapour eg.humidifier,nebulizer

8. CLASSFICATION OF OXYGEN THERAPY BASED ON PERFORMANCE OF DEVICE Fixed v ariable BASED ON FLOW DELIVERED ON DEVICE Low flow High flow

9. CONT…. VARIABLE/LOW FLOW SYSTEM Do not provide constant FIO2 Part of tidal volume is delivered by room air Eg. nasal cannula, simple face mask FIXED/HIGH FLOW SYSTEM Deliver specific and constant percent of oxygen Eg. venturi mask,HFNC

10. CONT…. BASED ON DESIGN O2 DELIVERY DEVICES ARE CLASSFIED INTO Low flow Reservoir High flow

11. LOW FLOW DEVICES NASAL CANNULA FIO2 ranges from 24-40% of O2 at 1-5liters of O2 1lit-24% FiO2 2lit-28%FiO2 3lit-32%FiO2 4lit-36%FiO2 5lit-40%FiO2 The formula for calculating FiO2 IS - FiO2= flow x 4+ 21

12. CONT…. SIMPLE FACE MASK It delivers 35% to 60% of oxygen Flow rate of 6 to 10 liters/minute It is used when an increasing delivery of O2 in short time period

13. RESERVOIR DEVICES PARTIAL REBREATHING MASK It has a vent and reservoir bad Flow rate is 8-10lit/min Delivers 50 - 75% FiO2 NON REBREATHING MASK Flow rate 10 - 15lit/min Delivers 80% - 100% FiO2 The bag has oxygen reservoir of 1 hour

14. HIGH FLOW DEVICES VENTURE MASK It is designed with wide bore tubing and various colour coded jet adapter Each colour code correspond to the precise oxygen concentration and specific flow liter Its operate the basis of bernoulli’s principle The narrow part of the tube cause the viscosity of oxygen to increase creating in the decrease in pressure to equal the energy that was pervious in the tube The drop in pressure is due to bernoulli’s principle

15. COLOUR CODES OF VENTURI MASK COLOUR FiO2 O2 FLOW BLUE 24% 2LIT WHITE 28% 4LIT ORANGE 31% 6LIT YELLOW 35% 8LIT RED 40% 10LIT GREEN 60% 15LIT

16. HIGH FLOW NASAL CANNULA It as an oxygen supply system it capable to delivery upto 100% humidified and heated oxygen at flow rate of up to 60lit/min

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