Understanding Telecommunication and Networks

Assignment 3

1. Understanding
Telecommunications
and Networks
This presentation provides an overview of the key components,
functions, and technologies that underpin telecommunications and
computer networks. It explores the fundamental concepts and systems
that enable communication and data exchange in the digital age.

2. Components of Telecommunications
Systems
Computers
Process and manage information to enable
communication.
Terminals
Input and output devices that send and
receive data.
Communications Processors
Manage the flow of communication traffic
across the network.
Specialized Software
Facilitate various communication tasks and
functions.

3. Functions of Telecommunications
Systems
1 Transmit Information
Facilitate the movement of data, voice, and video across networks.
2 Establish Interfaces
Enable communication between senders and receivers.
3 Manage Information Flow
Control the flow of data and prevent congestion or bottlenecks.

4. Analog and Digital Signals
Analog Signals
Continuous waveforms used for voice, audio,
and video communication.
Digital Signals
Discrete waveforms representing data as binary
bits (1s and 0s) for data communication.

5. Modem and Signal Conversion
1Modem Function
Translates digital signals
from computers into
analog signals for
transmission over
communication lines,
and vice versa.
2Enabling
Communication
Allows digital devices to
communicate over
analog transmission
mediums like telephone
lines.
3Signal Conversion
Modulates and
demodulates signals to
facilitate seamless data
exchange.

6. Communications Channels
Wired Channels
Twisted wire, coaxial cable, and fiber optics
provide physical pathways for data
transmission.
Wireless Channels
Microwave, satellite, and cellular networks
enable communication without physical
connections.

7. Network Topologies
1 Star Topology
All devices connect to a central host, enabling centralized control and
management.
2 Bus Topology
Devices are linked by a single circuit, creating a shared communication
medium.
3 Ring Topology
Devices are connected in a closed loop, allowing data to flow in a circular
pattern.

8. LANs and WANs
Local Area Networks (LANs)
Cover a limited geographical area, typically
within a single building or campus, and use
dedicated communication channels.
Wide Area Networks (WANs)
Span large geographical distances, utilizing
various technologies like cable, satellite, and
microwave for connectivity.