Unit 1. penis intro and scrotum content.pdf

human anatomy and physiology slides about the scrotum

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Male reproductive system
Module outcomes
•Demonstrate
•knowledge
•understanding
•macroscopic structure
•functions of the reproductive system

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Type of questions
•Illustrations to label
•Illustrations to draw myself
•Define, describe, discuss, list
•Fill in the blanks, tabulate
•Application questions linking all the
systems
•How can I breakup the work into sections

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Scrotum
External urethral orifice
Testis
Epididymis
Penis
Ductus deferens
Spongy urethra
Corpus spongiosum
Corpus cavernosum
Prostatic urethra
Pubic symphysis
Urinary
bladder

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Ejaculatory duct
Bulbo-urethral
gland
Anus
Prostate
gland
Seminal
gland
Rectum
Ureter

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Divide into logical sections
•External structures
•Ducts
•Glands

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External structures/Genitalia
•Scrotum
•Encloses testes
•Penis
•Erectile organ
•Contains distal
portion of urethra

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Ducts
•Testis (4)
•Epididymis (3 parts)
•Ductus deferens
(vas deferens)
•Ejaculatory duct
•Urethra (3 parts)

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Glands/Accessory Organs
•Secrete fluids into
ejaculatory ducts
and urethra
•Seminal glands
(vesicles)
•Prostate gland
•Bulbo-urethral
glands

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SPERM
-Structure
-Production
-Cells
-Temperature
-Sensitive
-Muscles
DUCTS
-Inside testis
-Inside body
cavity
-Through
penis
GLANDS
-Prostate
-Seminal
vesicles
-Bulbourethral
glands

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SPERM
-Structure
-Production
-Cells
-Temperature
-Sensitive
-Muscles
DUCTS
-Inside testis
-Inside body
cavity
-Through
penis
GLANDS
-Prostate
-Seminal
vesicles
-Bulboutheral
glands

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Why scrotum external
•Sperm sensitive
•Muscles
•dartos
•cremaster
•Tunica/ layers

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Figure 28-3 The Male Reproductive System in Anterior View
Raphe
Scrotal skin (cut)
Dartos muscle
Superficial scrotal
fascia
Cremaster muscle
with cremasteric
fascia
Scrotal septum
Spermatic cord
Superficial
inguinal ring
Inguinal ligament
Penis
Testicular vein
Testicular artery

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Scrotum/structure
•Is a fleshy pouch
•Suspended inferior to perineum
•Anterior to anus
•Posterior to base of penis
•Septum in midline
•Scrotum right an left halves/compartment each
testes

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The Scrotum and the location of the Testes
•Is divided into two chambers, or scrotal
cavities
•Each testis lies in a separate scrotal
chamber
•Raphe
•Is a raised thickening in scrotal surface
•Marks partition of two scrotal chambers

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•Is a serous membrane
•Lines scrotal cavity
•Reduces friction between opposing surfaces
•Parietal (scrotal)
•Visceral (testicular)
Layer: Tunica Vaginalis

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Muscles
•The Dartos Muscle
•Is a layer of smooth muscle in dermis of
scrotum
•Causes characteristic wrinkling of scrotal
surface

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Muscles
•The Cremaster Muscle
•Is a layer of skeletal muscle deep to dermis
•Tenses scrotum and pulls testes closer to
body (temperature regulation)

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Functions
•Temperature Regulation
•Normal sperm development in testes
•Requires temperatures 1.1C (2F) lower
than body temperature
•Muscles relax or contract
•To move testes away or toward body
•To maintain acceptable testicular
temperatures

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Descent of the Testes
•Testes form inside body cavity adjacent to
kidneys

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Sagittal sectional views of the
positional changes involved
in the descent of the right
testis.
Birth
3 months
2 months
5 mm
5 mm
Scrotum
Testis
Pubis
Penis
Umbilical
cord
Peritoneum
Colon
Testis
Gubernaculum
testis 5 mm

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Frontal views showing the descent of the testes
and the formation of the spermatic cords.
2 months
3 months
4 months
Diaphragmatic
ligament
Mesonephric
duct
Developing
kidneys
Gubernaculum
testis
Gonads
Diaphragmatic
ligament
Kidney
Testis
Epididymis
Testis
Epididymis
Urinary bladder

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Frontal views showing the descent of the testes
and the formation of the spermatic cords.
7 months
Birth
Urinary bladder
Scrotum (opened)
Testicular artery
and vein
Spermatic
cord
Ureter
Ureter
Superficial
inguinal ring
Scrotal cavity
(opened) lined
by tunica
vaginalis
Testicular artery
and vein
Gubernaculum
testis
Testis
Epididymis
Vas deferens

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Testes/ Structure
•Two
•2,5 cm x 4 cm
•Right one lower due
spermatic cord
•Each testis posterior
•Tunica vaginalis a
serous sac

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Testes/Coverings
•Just deep to
visceral layer/tunica
vaginalis
•Tunica
albuginea/white
coat
•Septal extensions
project inward
•Dividing testis into
•250-300 wedge
shaped lobules

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Structure of the Testes/Tunica Albuginea
•Is deep to tunica vaginalis
•A dense layer of connective tissue rich
in collagen fibers
•Continuous with fibers surrounding
epididymis

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Structure of the Testes/Tunica Albuginea
•Fibers extend into substance of testis
and form fibrous partitions/septa,
•that converge near entrance to
epididymis
•Supports blood and lymphatic vessels
of testis and efferent ductules

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Blood Vessels of Testes
•Deferential artery
•Testicular artery
•Pampiniformplexusof
testicular vein
•Nerves of Testes
•Branches of genitofemoral
nerve
•From lumbar plexus

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Testes/ lobules
•Each lobule
contains one to four
seminiferous
tubules
•Tightly coiled
structures

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Duct system from production up to release
•Seminiferous
•Recti ductus
•Retiductus
•Efferent duct
•Epididymis head body tail
•Ductus deference inside the
•Spermatic cord see content
•Inguinal foramen
•Around bladder in relation to the
•Semineferousglands
•Ductus ejacalatorius
•Prostatic urethra
•Membranous urethra
•Spongy urethra

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