Unit 26a Diseases of sheep and goat.pptx

Diseases of sheep and goat

1. DISEASES OF SHEEP AND GOAT Dr. P. Ravikanth Reddy MVSc , PhD Guest Faculty KBR College of Agriculture and Horticulture Acharya NG Ranga Agricultural University Dr. YSR Horticulture University

2. BACTERIAL DISEASES

3. Causative organism – Bacillus anthracis Symptoms – Sudden death, blood will not clot, blood through natural orifices. Prevention – Vaccination, do not open the carcass, bury or burn the dead. Treatment – Pencillin in subacute form. Others – Spores remain viable for many years in soil. ANTHRAX

4. ANTHRAX

5. Causative organism – Clostridium chouveii Symptoms – high fever, anorexia, discolouration of skin, crepitation and depression (like Black Quarter in cattle) . Prevention – Isolation, Vaccinate the healthy animals, Treatment – Antibiotic theraphy . Others – Wounds during shearing and docking and increased protein feeding increases susceptibility. BLACK LEG

6. Black Leg

7. Causative organism – Clostridium perfringes Symptoms – Acute disease – green diarrhea, convulsions, staggering, sudden death. Prevention – Low feed intake, Vaccination Treatment – Antibiotic theraphy . Others – By toxins in intestine. ENTEROTOXAEMIA

8. ENTEROTOXAEMIA

9. Causative organism – Clostridium tetani Symptoms – Stifness of limbs, lock jaw, opisthotonus (arched back), death. Prevention –Vaccination by tetanus toxoid Treatment – Antibiotic theraphy . Others – Wounds during shearing and docking increases susceptibility. TETANUS

10. TETANUS

11. Causative organism – pasteurella haemolytica Symptoms – Coughing, discharge from eyes and nose. Prevention – Vaccination. Treatment – Antibiotic theraphy . Others – Inhalation or infection of the infected material. PASTEURELLOSIS

12. PASTEURELLOSIS

13. Causative organism – Mycobacterium paratuberculosis Symptoms – mostly in older animals. Prevention – Vaccination. Treatment – No successful treatment. Others – severe economic losses in infected flocks. JOHNE’S DISEASE (PARATUBERCULOSIS)

14. JOHNE’S DISEASE

15. VIRAL DISEASES

16. Symptoms – Pyrexia, development of vesicles and pustules on the skin (fever), course of the disease is 3 to 4 weeks. Prevention – Vaccination. Treatment – Antibiotics to prevent secondary bacterial infections. Others – Spread by contact and inhalation SHEEP POX

17. SHEEP POX

18. SHEEP POX

19. Symptoms – Development of vesicles in the oral cavity and to the interdigital space, low mortality. Prevention – Vaccination. Treatment – Antibiotics to prevent secondary bacterial infections. Others – Spread by contact and inhalation. FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE

20. FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE

21. Symptoms – Formation of papules and pustules with scab. Lesions mostly on the commissures of lips. Prevention – Treatment – Antibiotics to prevent secondary bacterial infections. Others – Spread by contact and inhalation. CONTAGIOUS ECTHYMA (ORF)

22. CONTAGIOUS ECTHYMA (ORF)

23. Symptoms – Pyrexia upto 106 F, salivation, cyanotic nasal and oral mucosa and tounge . Prevention – Vaccination Treatment – Antibiotics to prevent secondary bacterial infections. Others – Transmission through insect vectors (Culicodes ( biting midges) ). BLUE TOUNGE

24. BLUE TOUNGE

25. Biting midge – Blue tounge

26. Symptoms – Fever, nasal and ocular discharges, respiratory distress. Prevention – Early vaccination and separation of healthy animals from flock. Treatment – Antibiotics to prevent secondary bacterial infections. Others – Transmission through insect vectors (Culicodes). PESTE DES PETITIS RUMINANTS (PPR)

27. PESTE DES PETITIS RUMINANTS (PPR) Diarrhoea is also a major sign

28. PARASITIC DISEASES

29. Causative – Fasciola . Symptoms – Emaciation, Anemia, and edema in lower jaw. Prevention – Control of snails, Avoid grazing in early morning and evening. Treatment – Periodical deworming. Others – Transmission through snails. FLUKE INFECTION

30. Edema - FLUKE INFECTION

31. Causative – Taenia . Symptoms – Emaciation, Anemia, and reduced growth. Prevention – Hygiene maintenance. Treatment – Periodical deworming. Others – Transmission through vectors and contaminated feeds. TAPE WORM

32. Causative – Ascarids . Symptoms – Emaciation, Anemia, and edema in lower jaw. Prevention – Hygiene maintenance. Treatment – Periodical deworming. Others – Transmission through vectors and contaminated feeds. ROUND WORM

33. Causative – Eimeria . Symptoms – Blood tinged brownish diarrhea, anemia, kids mortality. Prevention – Spray 10% ammonia solution and feed coccidiostats with feed. Treatment – Coccidiostats & Sulpha drugs Others – Transmission through contaminated feeds. COCCIDIOSIS

34. Causative – Tick, Lice. Symptoms – Skin allergy, reduced growth, and wound. Prevention – Clean house and periodic dipping . Treatment – Amitraz application and periodic dipping Others – - ECTOPARASITE INFECTION

35. METABOLIC DISEASES

36. Causative – Excess feeding of lush green pasture, legumes or any grains. Symptoms – Distended abdomen. Prevention – Avoid over feeding. Treatment – Bloatosil , Turepentine oil, Formalin, Neem stick. Others – -. BLOAT

37. BLOAT

38. Causative – large amounts of highly fermentable carbohydrates – Excess production of lactic acid. Symptoms – dehydration, blindness, recumbency , rumen stasis and high mortality rate. Prevention – Avoid leaving the animals in streets. Treatment – Normal saline, sodium bicarbonate and antihistaminics . RUMEN ACIDOSIS

39. Causative – Low plane of nutrition and Starvation ( Hypoglycaemia and Hyperketonemia). Symptoms – separation from flock, apparent blindness, grinding of teeth, tremors of head, ketonic breath. Prevention – Good nutrition (Molasses and concentrate) during pregnancy Treatment – DNS, 50% Glucose solution. PREGNANCY TOXEMIA