Unit-4 - Slides.pdf on the topic of network devices

this is a ppt on the basic of network devices

1. Duration: 50 min B-Com
Network Devices
Unit -4
IV Semester
1
BasicsofNetworkDevices
NetworkDevices-NIC-functionsofNIC,
installingNIC,Hub,Switch,Bridge,Router,
Gateways,AndOtherNetworkingDevices,
Repeater,CSU/DSU,andmodem.
2/27/2024

2. Computer Networks
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BasicsofNetworkDevices
NetworkDevices-NIC,functionsofNIC,installingNIC
A computer network comprises a collection of interconnected devices.
These devices, including computers, printers, and other data-transmitting
tools, are linked through communication channels.
Various types of network devices are utilized to establish, maintain,
protect, and improve network connections.

3. Computer Networks
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BasicsofNetworkDevices
NetworkDevices-NIC,functionsofNIC,installingNIC
WhyNetworkDevices?
Networkdevicesarehardwarecomponentsthatfacilitate
connectionestablishmentandcontrolnetworktrafficbetween
deviceswithinacomputernetwork.
PurposeofNetworkDevices
The primary objective of network devices is to facilitate
communication and collaboration between nodes within a
network. They also play a role in enhancing network
performance, security, and reliability.

4. Computer Networks
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BasicsofNetworkDevices
NetworkDevices-NIC,functionsofNIC,installingNIC
PurposeofNetworkDevices
•Expandingthenetwork’scoveragebyamplifyingor
regeneratingsignals.
•Dividingorfilteringtraffictocreatesubnetworkswithinthe
network.
•Interconnectingdifferenttypesofnetworksbyconvertingor
translatingprotocols.
•Directingdatapacketstotheirintendeddestinationsby
determiningtheoptimalpath.

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BasicsofNetworkDevices
NetworkDevices-NIC,functionsofNIC,installingNIC
PurposeofNetworkDevices
•Safeguardingthenetworkagainstaccessormalicious
attacksthroughpolicyenforcementandrule
implementation.
•Enablingwirelessconnectivitytothenetworkthroughthe
creationofahotspotorbridging.

6. NIC
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BasicsofNetworkDevices
NICDevices
NICstandsforNetworkInterfaceCardandoperatesatthedatalinklayer
Itisahardwarecomponentthatisresponsibleforenablingadeviceto
connecttoanetwork.ANICalsohasoneormoreportsthatallowdifferent
typesofcablesorwirelesssignalstoconnecttothenetwork.

7. NIC
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FunctionsoftheNetworkInterfaceCard
•NICisusedtoconvertdataintoadigitalsignal.
•IntheOSImodel,NICusesthephysicallayertotransmit
signalsandthenetworklayertotransmitdatapackets.
•NICoffersbothwired(usingcables)andwireless(usingWi-
Fi)datacommunicationtechniques.
•NICisamiddlewarebetweenacomputer/serverandadata
network.
•NICoperatesonbothphysicalaswellasthedatalinklayerof
theOSImodel.

8. NIC
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ComponentsofNetworkInterfaceCard
1.Memory
MemoryisoneofthemostimportantcomponentsoftheNIC.It
isusedtostorethedataduringcommunication.
2.Connectors
connectorsareusedtoconnectthecablestotheEthernetport.
3.Processor
Processorisusedforconvertingthedatamessageintoa
suitableformofcommunication.

9. NIC
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ComponentsofNetworkInterfaceCard
4.Jumpers
Jumpersarethesmalldevicethatisusedtocontrolthe
communicationoperationswithouttheneedofanysoftware.It
isalsousedtodeterminesettingsfortheinterruptrequestline,
I/Oaddress,uppermemoryblock,andtypeoftransceiver
5.Routers
Toprovidewirelessconnectivity,routersareused.
6.MACaddress
MACaddressisalsoreferredtoasaphysicalnetworkaddress.
Itisauniqueaddressthatispresenttothenetworkinterface
cardwhereethernetpacketsarecommunicatedwiththe
computer.

10. NIC
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ComponentsofNetworkInterfaceCard
AdvantagesofNIC
•Ascomparedtothewirelessnetworkcard,NICprovidesa
secure,faster,andmorereliableconnection.
•NICallowsustosharebulkdataamongmanyusers.
•Ithelpsustoconnectperipheraldevicesusingmanyportsof
NIC.
•Communicationspeedishigh.
•NetworkInterfacecardsarenotexpensive.
•NICsareeasytotroubleshoot.

11. NIC
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ComponentsofNetworkInterfaceCard
DisadvantagesofNIC
•NICisinconvenientascomparedtothewirelesscard.
•ForwiredNIC,ahard-wiredconnectionisrequired.
•NICneedsaproperconfigurationtoworkefficiently.
•NICcardsarenotsecure,sothedatainsideNICisnotsafe.

12. NIC
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Hub
Hub is a hardware device used at the
physical layer to connect multiple devices
in the network. Hubs are widely used to
connect LANs. A hub has multiple ports
and it is a non-intelligent device.
Hubs can help in simplifying the wiring
and installation of a LAN by providing a
central point of connection.
Low security, low performance, and high
collision rate.
A hub is one of the simplest networking
devices that connects several computers
or other network devices when referring
to networking

13. NIC
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Hub
Thetopthreeadvantagesofthehubnetworkdeviceare:
•Easytoinstall
•Inexpensive
•Itdoesnotaffecttheperformanceofthenetworkseriously
Thetopthreedisadvantagesofthehubnetworkdeviceare:
•Cannotfilterinformation
•Itcannotreducethenetworktraffic
•Broadcastofthedatahappenstoalltheport

14. NIC
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Hub
Thetopthreeadvantagesofthehubnetworkdeviceare:
•Easytoinstall
•Inexpensive
•Itdoesnotaffecttheperformanceofthenetworkseriously
Thetopthreedisadvantagesofthehubnetworkdeviceare:
•Cannotfilterinformation
•Itcannotreducethenetworktraffic
•Broadcastofthedatahappenstoalltheport

15. NIC
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TypesofHub
ActiveHub:Thishubmonitors,amplifiesandregeneratessignal.
Signalsarestrengthinactivehub.
PassiveHub:Thishubprovidesonlyphysicalconnectionpointsfor
computerdevices,itdoesnottakenanactiveroleinthenetwork
IntelligentHub:Providesadditionalfeaturetotheactivehubhereall
theportsofthehubcanbemonitored,configured,enableordisable.

16. NIC
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Switch
•Itconnectsdifferentcomputerandsub-networkstoonenetwork
•Ittransfersdatatothespecificcomputerusingpacketswitching
technique.
•ItusesMACaddressofthedestinationcomputertodeliver
packetonthenetwork

17. NIC
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Routers
•Itisusedtoconnectmultiplenetworksirrespectiveoftheir
protocol.
•IthandlesdatapacketswiththeirIPaddress
•Itidentifiesthedestinationwiththepacketheaderandusingbest
route,themessageisforwardedtothenextdeviceinthenetwork.

18. NIC
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TypesofRouters
•BroadbandRouters
Itisusedtoconnectcomputersortointernet.Toconnectinternet
throughphoneandvoiceoverIPtechnology,Weneedbroadband
routers.

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TypesofRouters
•WirelessRouters
Theycreatewirelesssignalsinourhomeandoffice,soanypcinthe
rangecanbeconnectedthroughthenetworkandcanuseinternet.

20. NIC
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TypesofRouters
•CoreRouters
ItisusedasbackboneofLANnetworkspreadinlargearea.

21. NIC
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Gateways
•CoreRouters
ItisusedasbackboneofLANnetworkspreadinlargearea.