Unit 6 land capability classification sol220 8 april

Unit 6 land capability classification sol220 8 April

1. land capability and classification By- Dr. Kamini Roy Associate Professor, Agricultural Chemistry and soil science, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara (First ICAR Accredited University) By Dr. Kamini Roy

2. Introduction Soil :-Soil is porous, powdery and unconsolidated outer layer of the earth’s crust which is formed by weathering of minerals and decomposition of organic substances. Soil is dynamic, three dimensional (having length, breadth and depth) piece of landscape with a three phase (solid, liquid and gaseous) system. By Dr. Kamini Roy

3. WHICH STATEMENT IS CORRECT A. Soil is porous B. Soil is powdery C, Soil is unconsolidated outer layer of the earth’s crust D. All of these By Dr. Kamini Roy

4. Why Land Capability Classification?  Land capability classification :-The first requisite to conservation of land is to fit the crop to the capabilities of the soil and the water availability. Lands are mainly used for agriculture, pastures and forestry. The capability of land to grow crops depends on the nature and properties of soils. LCC also forms the basis of all the watershed programmes. It was developed by the USDA(United State Department of Agriculture). LCC is based upon the degree or magnitude of problem/hazard recognized in the land . Land capability class Land suitable for agriculture (Type A) I II III IV Land not suitable for a gricult u r e (Type B) V VI V I I V II I By Dr. Kamini Roy By Dr. Kamini Roy

5. Factors influencing the land capability classification Soil profile characteristics :-Soil texture, effective soil depth, permeability and internal drainage, availability of nutrients, soil salinity, soil alkalinity, and soil toxicity. External feature of the land : -Water logging, slope and erosion are the factors that determine land capability and limit the land for particular use only. Climate factors : -Rainfall, temperature and wind velocity are important components that determine land capability class.

6. Arable land  Class I:- Best suitable for all agricultural crops and free from hazards. Deep soil depth and high fertility. Not affected by any appreciable erosion, wetness , salinity etc .

7. Which statement is wrong about Class I capability classification of land:- A. Best suitable for all agricultural crops and free from hazards. B. Deep soil depth and high fertility. C. Not affected by any appreciable erosion, wetness , salinity etc . D. None of these

8.  CLASS II These lands have moderate soil depth, light or heavy texture, gentle slope and moderate soil fertility etc. Suitable for permanent cultivation with some soil and water conservation practices.

9.  Class III:- Various conservation measures like contour bunding, graded bunding,etc are recommended. These lands are suitable for plants, provided that the plant cover should be maintained.

10.  Class IV:- Suitable only for occasional or limited cultivation because of unfavourable soil characteristics, slope, erosion, depth, drainage, adverse climate etc. Engineering measures are recommended here.

11. NON-ARABLE LAND  Class V:- These lands have the potential to become class I, but due to particular problem/hazard, they can’t fulfil the characteristics of class I.

12.  Class VI:- These lands are suitable for horticultural crops like mango, coffee, guava, cashew nut, etc. Grazing should be regulated to preserve the plant cover.

13.  Class VII:- These lands have severe limitations to use for grazing or forestry. Generally lands are droughty and swampy, having very steep slope, rough, stony or very severely eroded, infested with gullies.

14.  Class VIII:- Lands are very rough, not suitable for wood land or grazing.

15. ASPECTS OF LCC

16. Sl. No. Textural class Symbol LCC 1. Sandy S IV 2. Loamy Sandy Ls II 3. Sandy Loam Sl I 4. Loam L I 5. Silty Loam Sil I 6. Silty Si I 7. Sandy Clay Loam Scl I 8. Silty Clay Loam Sicl I 9. Clay Loam Cl I 10. Sandy clay Sc II 11. Silty Clay Sic II 12. Clay C III Soil Texture

17. Soil texture L oamy Sandy comes under which class of LCC A. IV B. II C. I D. V

18. Sl.no. Soil depth(cm) Symbol LCC 1. >90 d5 I 2. 45-90 d4 II 3. 22.5-45 d3 III 4. 7.5-22.5 d2 IV 5. <7.5 d1 VI,VII Soil Depth

19. Symbols Land slope (%) Class A 0-1 I B 1-3 II C 3-5 II D 5-10 III E 10-15 III F 15-25 IV G 25-33 IV H 33-50 VI I 50-100 VII J >100 VII Land Slope

20. 0-1% land slope considered in which class Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4

21. Sl.no. Symbol Erosion status Class 1. e1 Sheet erosion I & II 2. e2 Rill erosion III 3. e3 Small erosion IV 4. e4 Big gully VI & VII Erosion Status

22. Erosion status of land having Rill erosion comes under which class A. I & II B. III C. IV D. VI & VII

23. Class Color Class Color I Green V Dark green II Yellow VI Orange III Red VII Brown IV Blue VIII Purple Soil Color

24. The basis of sub class is to recognize the type of problem/hazard. The four types of hazards are E (erosion) W (water logging) S (soil related hazard , shallowness, stony ) C (climate related hazar ds, too dry, too cold) LCC sub class

25. Map Unit Map unit for LCC is given by

26. Sr.no. Soil texture Soil depth(cm) Land slope (%) Erosion 1. Silty loam 140 11 Small gully 2. Loamy 150 1.35 Sheet 3. Silty loam 32 31 Sheet 4. Sandy 3.5 39 Gully 5. Loamy 200 0.25 Sheet 6. Loamy 200 0.25 No erosion 7. Loamy 200 0.25 No erosion (with permanent soil salinity problem)

27. Acknowledge and Thanks Author is immensely thankful to all the websites and books whom I contacted to make these slides more informative and attractive By Dr. Kamini Roy

28. WE SHALL OVERCOME Stay healthy By Dr. Kamini Roy