Unit 6 - Skillful book 2 Reading and Writing Pressure.pptx

Skillful Reading and Writing Book 2 Unit 6

1. Department of English Language

2. UNIT 6: PRESSURE UNIT AIMS READING 1 Identifying cause and effect READING 2 Identifying tone STUDY SKILL Dealing with stress; know your triggers VOCABULARY Hedging and boosting GRAMMAR Present conditionals WRITING Writing about cause and effect

3. Warm-up UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

4. Discussion Point How do you feel mentally and physically when you are under pressure? Do you think pressure is ever positive? Do you think people learn to react like this to pressure or is it a natural human reaction to danger? UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

5. Vocabulary preview (page 100) achievement (n) ambition (n) compare (v) insist (v) lifestyle (n) pressure (n) result (n) work-life balance (n) UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

6. Vocabulary preview (page 100) 1. achievement (n) the successful accomplishment of a goal or task Winning the championship was a great achievement for the team. We will celebrate the achievements of our students. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

7. Vocabulary preview (page 100) 2. ambition (n) a strong desire to achieve something or succeed His ambition to become a successful entrepreneur drove him to start his own business. An injury ended his ambitions of becoming a professional footballer. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

8. Vocabulary preview (page 100) 3. compare (v) to examine or assess the similarities and differences between two or more things When choosing a new car, it is important to compare different models and their features. The teacher asked the students to compare and contrast the two novels they had read. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

9. Vocabulary preview (page 100) 4. insist (v) to demand or require something firmly Despite his fatigue, he insisted on finishing the task before going to bed. He insisted that he had not made a mistake and refused to accept any criticism. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

10. Vocabulary preview (page 100) 5. lifestyle (n) the way in which a person or group lives, including their habits, attitudes, and behaviours After retiring, they decided to adopt a healthier lifestyle by exercising regularly and eating nutritious meals. His extravagant lifestyle was evident in his expensive cars, designer clothes, and luxurious vacations. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

11. Vocabulary preview (page 100) 6. pressure (n) the force or influence that is applied to make someone do something or achieve a certain result The pressure to succeed in their careers often leads to high levels of stress among young professionals. He felt immense pressure to perform well in the competition due to the expectations of his coach and teammates. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

12. Vocabulary preview (page 100) 7. result (n) the outcome or consequence of a particular action or event The result of their hard work and dedication was a successful product launch. The poor results of the experiment indicated that further research was needed. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

13. Vocabulary preview (page 100) 8. work-life balance the division of time and energy between work and personal life He struggled to maintain a healthy work-life balance, often working long hours and neglecting his personal relationships. Achieving a good work-life balance is important for overall well-being and happiness. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

14. Vocabulary preview (page 104) celebrity (n) childhood (n) last (v) limited ( adj ) put in ( ph V) satisfaction (n) status (n) youth (n) UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

15. Vocabulary preview (page 104) celebrity (n) a famous or well-known person, often from the entertainment industry The celebrity was surrounded by fans and paparazzi wherever he went. The actor's sudden rise to celebrity status brought him both fame and fortune. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

16. Vocabulary preview (page 104) 2. childhood (n) the period of a person's life between infancy and adolescence He has fond memories of his childhood spent playing in the park with his friends. His childhood experiences shaped his personality and influenced his career choices. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

17. Vocabulary preview (page 104) 3. last (v) to continue or endure for a specific period of time The meeting will last for two hours, so make sure to come prepared. The effects of the medication are expected to last for several days. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

18. Vocabulary preview (page 104) 4. limited (adj) restricted or confined within certain boundaries or constraints The company had to operate within a limited budget, which affected their marketing strategies. The limited availability of tickets made it difficult for fans to attend the concert. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

19. Vocabulary preview (page 104) 5. put in (v) to invest or dedicate effort, time, or resources into something He put in a lot of time and effort to prepare for the exam, and it paid off with a high score. The team put in their best performance, resulting in a well-deserved victory. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

20. Vocabulary preview (page 104) 6. satisfaction (n) the feeling of contentment or fulfilment derived from achieving a goal or fulfilling a desire The artist experienced great satisfaction upon completing her masterpiece. Helping others brings her a sense of satisfaction and purpose in life. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

21. Vocabulary preview (page 104) 7. status (n) the social or professional position or rank of a person in relation to others His promotion to a managerial position elevated his status within the company. Social media has become a platform for people to showcase their wealth and status. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

22. Vocabulary preview (page 104) 8. youth (n) the period of life between childhood and adulthood; young people collectively In his youth, he travelled extensively and explored different cultures. The organization works towards empowering the youth and providing them with opportunities. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

23. Vocabulary development (page 108) HEDGING BOOSTING possibly, is believed, is thought, may, might etc. certainly, no doubt that, clearly, surely, definitely etc. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

24. Vocabulary development (page 108) clearly definitely is believed is thought may might no doubt that surely UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

25. Vocabulary development (page 108) 1. clearly (adv) in a way that is easy to understand or perceive The instructions were clearly written, making it easy to follow. She clearly explained her point of view, leaving no room for confusion. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

26. Vocabulary development (page 108) 2. definitely (adv) without a doubt; certainly He will definitely be attending the conference next week. The movie was definitely worth watching; it had a great storyline and amazing performances. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

27. Vocabulary development (page 108) 3. is believed (passive voice) it is widely accepted or held as true by a group of people It is believed that regular exercise can improve overall health and well-being. The ancient ruins are believed to have been built by an advanced civilization. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

28. Vocabulary development (page 108) 4. is thought (passive voice) it is considered or believed by someone or a group of people It is thought that the new treatment method will revolutionize the medical field. The painting is thought to be the work of a famous artist from the Renaissance period. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

29. Vocabulary development (page 108) 5. may (modal verb) used to indicate possibility or permission He may attend the party if he finishes hid work on time. The weather forecast indicates that it may rain later in the day. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

30. Vocabulary development (page 108) 6. might (modal verb) used to express a lower level of possibility or uncertainty He might join us for dinner, but he hasn't confirmed yet. If you study hard, you might pass the exam with flying colours. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

31. Vocabulary development (page 108) 7. no doubt that ( ph ) used to emphasize certainty There is no doubt that he was a major artist. With his level of dedication and hard work, there is no doubt that he will succeed. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

32. Vocabulary development (page 108) 8. surely (adv) without a doubt; certainly He surely deserves recognition for his outstanding achievements. Surely, you can lend me a helping hand in this situation. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

33. Academic words (page 109) apparent ( adj ) confirmed ( adj ) dramatic ( adj ) focus (n) highlight (v) media (n) shift (n) theory (n) UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

34. Academic words (page 109) 1. apparent (adj) clearly visible or understood; obvious The apparent reason for the increase in sales was the new marketing campaign. There was an apparent mistake in the report, as the numbers didn't add up. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

35. Academic words (page 109) 2. confirmed (adj) established as true or accurate; verified The rumours about their breakup were confirmed by their official statement. The test results confirmed the presence of a certain chemical in the water. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

36. Academic words (page 109) 3. dramatic (adj) characterized by intense or striking emotion or action The play had a dramatic ending that left the audience in awe. The sudden change in weather had a dramatic impact on the outdoor event. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

37. Academic words (page 109) 4. focus (n) the centre of attention or concentration; the main point of interest The focus of the meeting was to discuss the new project proposal. He needed to regain his focus and concentrate on his studies. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

38. Academic words (page 109) 5. highlight (v) to emphasize or draw attention to something The speaker highlighted the importance of environmental conservation in his speech. The report highlighted the key findings of the research study. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

39. Academic words (page 109) 6. media (n) various means of mass communication, such as newspapers, television, and the internet The incident was widely reported in the media, sparking a public debate. The celebrity's personal life was constantly under scrutiny by the media. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

40. Academic words (page 109) 7. shift (n) a change or transition from one state or condition to another The company experienced a shift in its business strategy to adapt to changing market trends. The night shift at the hospital requires employees to work during late hours. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

41. Academic words (page 109) 8. theory (n) a proposed explanation or system of ideas intended to explain something The theory of evolution has been widely accepted in the scientific community. He presented a new theory that challenged the existing understanding of the phenomenon. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

42. Grammar (page 111) Conditionals In English we have five conditionals: 0 conditional 1 st conditional 2 nd conditional 3 rd conditional Mixed conditional UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing Present Real Conditional Present Unreal Conditional Past unreal Conditional

43. Grammar (page 111) Conditionals (general structure) UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing If clause (condition) main clause (result) , main clause (result) If clause (condition)

44. Grammar (page 111) Present Real Conditionals: Zero conditional: This type of conditional sentence expresses a general truth or a habitual action that is likely to happen in the present. The zero conditional is often used to describe cause-and-effect relationships. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing If + simple present tense , simple present tense Simple present tense If + simple present tense

45. Grammar (page 111) Present Real Conditionals: Zero conditional (examples) Plants die if they don’t get enough water. If it is zero degrees Celsius, water freezes. If you put water in freezer, it becomes ice. If you put a magnet near a piece of metal, it attracts it. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

46. Grammar (page 111) Present Real Conditionals: Zero conditional It can also be used to give instructions, using the imperative in the main clause. Examples: If Ali calls, tell him about the party. Ask the teacher if you’re not sure. If you want to join, call me at 3 p.m. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

47. Grammar (page 111) Present Real Conditionals: First conditional: This type of conditional sentence expresses a possible future event or action that may occur based on a specific condition in the present. The first conditional is often used to talk about realistic or probable outcomes. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing If + simple present tense , Simple future tense Simple future tense If + simple present tense

48. Grammar (page 111) Present Real Conditionals: First conditional (examples) If it rains tomorrow, I will bring an umbrella. I will tell her the new if I see her. If you practice regularly, you’ll improve your skills. If I miss the bus, I will take a taxi. You’ll fail, if you don’t study. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

49. Grammar (page 111) Present Unreal Conditional: Second conditional: This type of conditional sentence expresses an unreal or unlikely event or action in the present or future. The second conditional is often used to talk about hypothetical or imaginary situations. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing If + simple past tense , Sub + would + 1 st V Sub + would + 1 st V If + simple past tense

50. Grammar (page 111) Present unreal Conditionals: Second conditional (examples) If he studied harder, he would pass the exam. If I were you, I would accept the offer. We would have a picnic in the park if it didn’t rain. She wouldn’t be in this situation if she took my advice. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

51. Writing skill (page 113) Writing about cause and effect: One cause of traffic jam is the ongoing road construction. Another cause is the heavy rainfall. One reason for the increase in sales is the new marketing strategy. Owing to the lack of funding, the project was put on hold. As a result of team’s hard work, we won the game. This means that we need to take immediate action to address the issue. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

52. Writing skill (page 113) Writing about cause and effect: Therefore , we should implement stricter safety measures to prevent accidents. Consequently , the company had to downsize and lay off some employees. The lack of proper maintenance can result in the equipment malfunctioning. UNIT 6 – PRESSURE SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

53. Thank You