Unit 8 - Skillful book 2 Reading and Writing Stories.pptx

Skillful 2 Reading and writing Unit 8

1. Department of English Language

2. UNIT 8: STORIES UNIT AIMS READING 1 Distinguishing between facts and assumptions READING 2 Bridge sentences STUDY SKILL Core research skills: narrow your search VOCABULARY Expressions of time GRAMMAR Past perfect and simple past WRITING Linking paragraphs

3. Warm-up UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

4. Discussion Point Do you prefer to read stories about invented people or real people? Look at the infographic. Do real-life characters have the same qualities as hero characters in books? Why are people often interested in real-life stories? UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

5. Vocabulary preview (page 136) continent (n) discovery (n) expedition (n) explorer (n) hero (n) scientific ( adj ) unexpected ( adj ) unlucky ( adj ) UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

6. Vocabulary preview (page 136) 1. continent (n) a large, continuous area of land on the Earth's surface, such as Africa or North America Africa is the second largest continent in the world. The continent of Antarctica is uninhabited by humans. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

7. Vocabulary preview (page 136) 2. discovery (n) the act of finding or learning something for the first time The discovery of the New World by Christopher Columbus changed the course of history. The discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming revolutionized medicine. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

8. Vocabulary preview (page 136) 3. expedition (n) a journey or voyage undertaken for a specific purpose, often involving exploration or research The expedition to Mount Everest was a challenging and dangerous undertaking. The Lewis and Clark expedition explored the western part of the United States in the early 19th century. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

9. Vocabulary preview (page 136) 4. explorer (n) a person who travels to unfamiliar places in order to learn about them Marco Polo was a famous explorer who travelled to China in the 13th century. Neil Armstrong was the first explorer to step onto the moon in 1969. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

10. Vocabulary preview (page 136) 5. hero (n) a person admired for their courage, outstanding achievements, or noble qualities He had dared to speak out against injustice, and overnight he became a national hero. Firefighters are often seen as heroes for risking their lives to save others. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

11. Vocabulary preview (page 136) 6. scientific (adj) relating to or based on the principles and methods of science The scientific method is a systematic approach to conducting research. The study of genetics is a scientific field that has advanced rapidly in recent years. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

12. Vocabulary preview (page 136) 7. unexpected (adj) not expected or anticipated; surprising The unexpected rain ruined our plans for a picnic. Winning the lottery was an unexpected stroke of luck. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

13. Vocabulary preview (page 136) 8. unlucky (adj) having or marked by bad luck It was unlucky that I missed the train by just a few seconds. Some people believe that black cats are unlucky. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

14. Vocabulary preview (page 140) alphabet (n) by hand ( ph ) entertain (v) equipment (n) inform (v) novel (n) print (v) the written word ( ph ) UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

15. Vocabulary preview (page 140) 1. alphabet (n) a set of letters or other characters used to represent the sounds of a language, arranged in a fixed order The English alphabet has 26 letters. The Russian alphabet is written in Cyrillic script. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

16. Vocabulary preview (page 140) 2. by hand ( ph ) done manually, without the use of machines or tools I prefer to write letters by hand rather than typing them on a computer. The artisan crafted the vase by hand, using traditional techniques. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

17. Vocabulary preview (page 140) 3. entertain (v) to provide amusement or enjoyment for someone A museum should aim to entertain as well as educate. She is really good at entertaining children. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

18. Vocabulary preview (page 140) 4. equipment (n) the necessary items, tools, or clothing needed for a particular activity or purpose Athletes need specialized equipment to perform at their best. A chef's equipment includes knives, pots, and pans. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

19. Vocabulary preview (page 140) 5. inform (v) to give information to; tell He decided to inform the police. The teacher informed the students of their upcoming exam. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

20. Vocabulary preview (page 140) 6. novel (n) a long written story in which the characters and events are usually imaginary "To Kill a Mockingbird" is a classic novel by Harper Lee. The author's latest novel has received mixed reviews. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

21. Vocabulary preview (page 140) 7. print (v) to produce a text or image by pressing a block, plate, or other medium against paper or another material The newspaper is printed daily and delivered to subscribers' homes. The printer ran out of ink halfway through printing the document. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

22. Vocabulary preview (page 140) 8. the written word ( ph ) language expressed in writing rather than speech The written word has been used to record and share information for thousands of years. Many people find comfort in reading the written word. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

23. Close reading (page 143) Bridge sentence A bridge sentence is a sentence that connects two paragraphs or ideas by repeating or summarizing the previous paragraph's main idea in different words. It serves as a transition between ideas, helping to guide the reader smoothly from one paragraph to the next. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

24. Close reading (page 143) Bridge sentence (example) Teaching has always been a passion of mine. The opportunity to inspire and empower young minds, to help them grow and learn, is incredibly rewarding. Whether I'm in front of a classroom, leading a discussion, or working one-on-one with a student, the act of teaching brings me a sense of fulfilment and purpose. In many ways, teaching is a dynamic and ever-evolving profession. The chance to see students light up with understanding, to witness their progress and growth, is a privilege that I never take for granted. The field of education offers endless opportunities to make a positive impact on the lives of students, and to shape the future through knowledge and guidance. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

25. Vocabulary development (page 144) as soon as by the early constantly eventually not until previously recently shortly after UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

26. Vocabulary development (page 144) 1. as soon as at the very moment that; immediately As soon as the sun sets, the stars become visible in the sky. I will call you as soon as I arrive at the airport. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

27. Vocabulary development (page 144) 2. by the early before a specified time in the morning or in the early part of a period By the early 20th century, automobiles had become a common mode of transportation. By the early morning, the fog had lifted and the sun was shining. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

28. Vocabulary development (page 144) 3. constantly (adv) continuously over a period of time; always The construction noise from next door is constantly disrupting my work. He is constantly checking his phone for messages. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

29. Vocabulary development (page 144) 4. eventually (adv) in the end, especially after a long delay, dispute, or series of problems If you keep practicing, you will eventually improve your skills. Eventually, all good things must come to an end. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

30. Vocabulary development (page 144) 5. not until only at or after the time or event mentioned Not until I arrived at the airport did I realize I had forgotten my passport. He did not start studying for the exam until the night before. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

31. Vocabulary development (page 144) 6. previously (adv) before the time in question; earlier The restaurant had previously received a lot of positive reviews. He had previously lived in New York City before moving to London. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

32. Vocabulary development (page 144) 7. recently (adv) not long ago; lately I recently started a new job at a tech company. The company recently launched a new product line. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

33. Vocabulary development (page 144) 8. shortly after soon after; not long after The accident happened shortly after midday. The concert ended shortly after midnight. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

34. Academic words (page 145) chapter (n) conduct (v) edition (n) enable (v) image (n) locate (v) publication (n) revolution (n) UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

35. Academic words (page 145) 1. chapter (n) a main division of a book, typically with a number or title The book is divided into several chapters, each covering a different topic. The final chapter of the story ties up all the loose ends. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

36. Academic words (page 145) 2. conduct (v) to organize and carry out an activity or process The scientist conducted a series of experiments to test his hypothesis. The police officer conducted a thorough investigation of the crime scene. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

37. Academic words (page 145) 3. edition (n) a particular version of a text or other work, especially one that has been revised or updated The first edition of the book is now a rare collector's item. The second edition of the textbook includes updated information and new examples. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

38. Academic words (page 145) 4. enable (v) to make possible; to give someone the ability to do something New technology has enabled us to communicate with people all over the world. The wheelchair ramp enables people with disabilities to access the building. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

39. Academic words (page 145) 5. image (n) a representation of the external form of a person or thing in art The artist created a stunning image of a sunset over the ocean. The security camera captured an image of the thief. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

40. Academic words (page 145) 6. locate (v) to find the exact position of something The GPS device can help you locate your position on a map. The librarian was able to locate the book I was looking for. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

41. Academic words (page 145) 7. publication (n) the preparation and issuing of a book, journal, or other printed work for public distribution The newspaper is a daily publication that reports on local and national news. The academic journal publishes research articles on a variety of topics. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

42. Academic words (page 145) 8. revolution (n) a complete change in ways of thinking, method of working etc The Industrial Revolution brought about significant changes in manufacturing and transportation. In the last ten years there has been a revolution in education. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing

43. Grammar (page 147) Past Perfect Tense UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing Positive: Sub + had + 3 rd V +ROTS. Negative: Sub + had + not + 3 rd V +ROTS. Shabir had not left the class before 6. Shabir had left the class before 6. Question: Had + sub + 3 rd V + ROTS? Had Shabir left the class before 6?

44. We use Past Perfect Tense to talk about something that happened before another action in the past. We had taken lunch by the time he came home. After the guests had left, I went to bed. You had finished high school before you joined KU. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing Grammar (page 147)

45. We use Past Perfect Tense to talk about something that happened before a time in the past. Hezbullah had completed his thesis before March. She had left before six o’clock. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing Grammar (page 147)

46. The past perfect shows the duration of an action before another action or time in the past. I had studied for two hours by the time you came. I had taught the class for 30 minutes before he knocked the door. They had played cricket for three hours before it rained. We had watched the program for 20 minutes before electricity went. UNIT 8 - STORIES SKILLFUL 2 – Reading and Writing Grammar (page 147)

47. Thank You