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1. MIS SYSTEM INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

2. MANAGEMENT Planning Organising Directing Controlling

3. ORGANISATIONS SENIOR MANAGEMENT MIDDLE MANAGEMENT OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT

4. INFORMATION

5. INFORMATION Information can be defined as meaningfully interpreted data Information can be recorded as signs, or transmitted as signals. Information is any kind of even that affects the state of a dynamic system that can interpret the information. Conceptually, information is the message being conveyed. In a general sense, information is “knowledge communicated or received, concerning a particular fact or circumstance”.

6. SYSTEM System defined as an orderly arrangement of a set of interrelated and interdependent elements that operate collectively to accomplish some common purpose or goal. A computer based information system is also a system which is a collection of people, hardware, software, data and procedure to interact to provide timely information to authorised people who need it.

7. SYSTEM

8. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM “an integrated user-machine system designed for providing information to support operational control, management control and decision making function is an organisation”. Davis and Olson

9. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM Management information system, or MIS, broadly refers to a computer based system that provides managers with the tools to organize, evaluate and efficiently manage departments within an organization Subhalakshmi Joshi

10. INFORMATION SYSTEM It can be defined technically as a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store and distribute information to support decision making, coordination and control in organisation. It also helps managers and workers analyse problems, visualise complex subjects and create new products

11. COMPONENTS Input Processes Output People Hardware(physical devices) Software (information processing instructions) Data Network (communication channels) Procedure

12. INFORMATION SYSTEM An information system is an organized combination of people, hardware, software, communications network, and data resources that collects, transforms, and disseminates in an organisation.

13. FUNCTIONS OF INORMATION SYSTEM

14. OBJECTIVES OF MIS Data capturing Process of Data Storage Retrieval Dissemination

15. DIMENSIONS TE INFORMATION SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATIONS MANAGEMENT

16. MANAGEMENT Decision making Action plan Co-ordination Monitoring Controlling leadership

17. TECHNOLOGY Hardware Software Network Telecommunication www HTML

18. LEVELS & TYPES STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT TACTICAL MANAGEMENT OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT DECISION STRUCTURE INFORMATION SYSTEM DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM MIS TPS UNSTRUCTURED SEMI STRUCTURED STRUCTURED

19. TYPES

20. TPS

21. MIS Management Information Systems are management-level systems that are used by middle managers to help ensure the smooth running of the organization in the short to medium term. The highly structured information provided by these systems allows managers to evaluate an organization's performance by comparing current with previous outputs.

22. DSS A Decision Support System can be seen as a knowledge based system, used by senior managers, which facilitates the creation of knowledge and allow its integration into the organization. Access to databases, analytical tools, allow "what if" simulations, and may support the exchange of information within the organization.

23. EIS Executive Information Systems are strategic-level information systems that are found at the top of the Pyramid. They help executives and senior managers analyze the environment in which the organization operates, to identify long-term trends, and to plan appropriate courses of action.

24. EXPERT SYSTEM Expert systems can be defined as programs that help the computer make decisions in a similar way as an expert in specific domain, a particular subject area of interest. It aims at formalising expertise and make it available for repetitive type of business decisions. It makes use of artificial intelligence to generate knowledge out of the information, existing theories, beliefs and experiences of managers in various business activities.

25. OFFICE AUTOMATION SYSTEM Office automation is the integration of computer, telecommunications and office equipment technologies to improve the execution of business functions through increasing the productivity, effectiveness and working conditions of office support. Encompasses the application of computer and communication technology to improve the productivity of all types of office workers including clerical, administrative, professional and executive.

26. OTHERS WORK FLOW SYSTEM Rule based system that direct, coordinates and monitors Three systems: Administrative workflow Ad-hoc workflow Product workflow

27. OTHERS ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING SYSTEM: Business process management software that allows an organisation to use system to integrate programs capable of managing operations for an multi-site and global organisation EXPERT SYSTEM: Have the ability to make suggest and act like an expert in a particular field

28. DECISION MAKING PROCESS

29. PROCESS

30. ROLES

31. CLASSIFICATION OF MANAGERIAL DECISIONS

32. DECISION STRUCTURE AND LEVEL OF MANAGEMENT DECISION STRUCTURE OPERATIONAL CONTROL DECISIONS MANAGEMENT CONTROL DECISION STRATEGIC PLANNING DECISION Unstructured Customer queries handling Work group performance analysis R&D Learning Semi-structured Production Scheduling Capital Budgeting Product planning Structured Inventory Control Allocating budgets Financial structure planning

33. DECISION MAKING MODELS

34. RATIONAL MODELS - SIMON

35. GAMES MAN MODEL/IMPLICT FAVOURITE MODEL

36. EMERGING MODEL OF DECISION MAKING

37. COMPONENTS MANAGING PEOPLE RESOURCES: End Users – owner, manager, clerk, official, sales person, accountants, customers etc. Information System specialist – system analyst, programmers, computer operator, CEO, middle level and lower level managerial staff

38. COMPONENTS MANAGING DATA RESOURCES: Data types – numeric, alphabetic and alphanumeric Text data – words, sentences Image data - figures Audio data – voice and sounds Above all organised into Data Base – organised and processed Knowledge Base – rules and regulations

39. COMPONENTS MANAGING SOFTWARE RESOURCES: System software Application software Procedures HARDWARE RESOURCES: PC or Micro computer, Mini computer or large mainframe computer Computer peripherals

40. COMPONENTS MANAGING NETWORK RESOURCES: Fiber optic cable Microwave system Communication satellite system Modem and internet Network operating system STORAGE DATA RESOURCES: Databases Files Records fields

41. I T INFARASTUCTURE Information technology (IT) infrastructure as the shared technology resources that provide the platform for the firm’s specific information system applications. IT infrastructure includes investment in hardware, software, and services shared across the entire firm or across entire business units in the firm and linked to the Internet is an infrastructure investment because it serves many groups, goals, and business initiatives.

42. I T INFARASTUCTURE

43. I T INFRASTRUCTURE IT infrastructure is a set of firm wide services budgeted by management and comprising both human and technical capabilities (Weill et al., 2002) The services include the following: Computing platforms used to provide computing services that connect employees, customers, and suppliers into a coherent digital environment, including large mainframes, desktop and laptop computers, and Internet appliances. Telecommunications services that provide data, voice, and video connectivity to employees, customers, and suppliers. Data management services that store and manage corporate data and provide capabilities for analyzing the data.

44. SERVICES Application software services that provide enterprise-wide capabilities such as enterprise resource planning, customer relationship management, supply chain management, and knowledge management systems that are shared by all business units. Physical facilities management services that develop and manage the physical installations required for computing, telecommunications, and data management services. IT management services that plan and develop the infrastructure, coordinate with the business units for IT services, manage accounting for the IT expenditure, and provide project management services.

45. SERVICES IT standards services that provide the firm and its business units with policies that determine which information technology will be used, when, and how. IT education services that provide training in system use to employees and offer managers training in how to plan for and manage IT investments. IT research and development services that provide the firm with research on potential future IT projects and investments that could help the firm differentiate itself in the marketplace.

46. LEVELS

47. DIGITAL FIRM The Digital Firm is a general term for organizations that have enabled core business relationships with employees, customers, suppliers, and other stakeholders through digital networks Benefits “Time Shifting” “Space Shifting“ Create business value from technology investments Efficiency in inventory and supply chain Enhance the CRM Improve overall organizational productivity

48. MIS Model for a digital firm The Digital Firm: E – Commerce New Digital Relationships Flattening Organizations and the Changing Management Process Separating Work from Location Reorganizing Work Flows Increasing Flexibility of Organizations

49. FLATTERNED ORGANISATION

50. Redesigned Work Flow

51. TRADITIONAL ORGANISATION STRUCTURE A rigid hierarchical structure Clear division of labour Inflexibility in terms of responding to need for change Slow to respond to potential new markets

52. DIGITAL FIRM STRUCTURE Flatter hierarchical organization Balanced distribution of power among the various layers Delegation of decision making and power extended to the lower layers Participative management Sense of belongingness No specified work hours Flexible hours through the use of IT Access to internal organizational IT infrastructure Employees become outcome driven Performance is measured against achievements

53. DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY PLATFORMS Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Supply Chain Management (SCM) Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Knowledge Management System (KMS) Warehouse Management System (WMS)