UNIT-Geriatric Ageing Process and Changes PPT.pptx

Aging is a gradual, continuous process of natural change that begins in early adulthood. During early middle age, many bodily functions begin to gradually decline. People do not become old or elderly at any specific age. Traditionally, age 65 has been designated as the beginning of old age.

1. AGEING PROCESS & CHANGES DR.ANJALATCHI MUTHUKUMARAN VICE PRINCIPAL ERACOLLEGE OF NURSING

2. Ageing process and changes Learning objectives of aging process and changes:- Abbreviation Terminology To introduce the topic To define the process To discuss the factors that affects the ageing process To list out the common changes during ageing process

3. Cont,,,, To enumerate the physical changes To understand the psychological changes Summary Conclusion Bibliography

4. Terminology A biotic factors : the factors affecting aging process like climate, radiation, chemical physical element of pollution etc are included in this Biotic factors -living organism present in environment like pathogens and quality of food etcare included they are influence the ageing a person Socio economic factors:- they are responsible for adverse living or working condition and further creating "the bear and deer half life this is to be remembered that no single factor considered responsible for aging Due to continuous functioning the cells tissues and organs of our body degenerate In later part of life we have to face many physical and mental problems By aging process many changes occur in old age.

5. Cont… Gerontology :- the science dealing with the ageing process is known as Gerontology.

6. Introduction: Ageing an inevitable extremely complex, multifactorial processis characterrized by the progressive degenaration of organ system and tiissue It is gengerally expected that the ageing process fall physiologically into the three group of changes that occur with advancing . First group:- changes in cellunlar homostatic mechanism eg . Body temperature , BP ECF etc. sencond group:- related to decreae in organ mass

7. Cont… third group :- possibly most importan group of changes in term of their impact involve in loss of functional reserve of the body .

8. Definition ACC/TO W.H.O Ageing is the course of biological reality which start at conception and ends with death. It has its own dynamics much beyond human control . However this process of ageing is also subject to the construction by which each society makes sense of old age .

9. Which factors affects the ageing procss Hereditary disease the capacity for cognitive and physical capacities influence the aging process Abiotic factors : the factors affecting aging process like climate, radiation, chemical physical element of pollution etc are included in this Biotic factors -living organism present in environment like pathogens and quality of food etc are included they are influence the ageing a person Socio economic factors:- they are responsible for adverse living or working condition and further creating "the bear and deer half life this is to be remembered that no single factor considered responsible for aging Due to continuous functioning the cells tissues and organs of our body degenerate In later part of life we have to face many physical and mental problems By aging process many changes occur in old age

10. What are the common changes during ageing process:- The types of changes in ageing and its intensity vary from person to person Hereditary, nutritional, general health, tension related factor may be responsible for this the change classified into Physical Psycho-social

11. Cont.. Physical changes:- changes which may occur in different system as follow:- Integumentary system Decrease in elasticity of skin and dryness appears Wrinkles appears Age spot appears Hair of head and Angela or pubic region become scanty grey and white Hair growth on woman's face Thickening of nasal hair and hair on ears.

12. Cont.. Cardiovascular system:- Less blood circulation in heart Increased blood pressure Flexibility of heart valve diminished Blood vessels of head and neck, hands and leg become prominent Respiratory system The capacity of lungs become less .Ineffective gas exchange The chance of cough increases. More chance of respiratory infection

13. Con.. Genitourinary system : Kidney functions may be impaired Fluid and electrolyte imbalance. Capacity of urinary bladder decreases Incontinence. Enlargement of prostate in males Atrophy of reproductive organs in female. Gastrointestinal system : Falling of teeth. Less secretion of saliva and gastric juice. Complaints of constipation. Digestion become weak.

14. Cont.. Musculoskeletal system : Height reduced up to 2 inch above 70 years of age. • Kyphosis and swelling in joints. Bone becomes weak Mobility decreased if proper exercise is not done. Endocrine system: Thyroid gland become less active. Alertness decreases More susceptible to cold Secretion of testistron and oestrogen , progesterone decreases Less secretion of insulin by pancreas.

15. Cont... Neurological system:- Sensitivity become less Change in sleeping habits Frequent awaking Sensory system:- Eye become weak Hearing capacity decreases Complaint of presbyopia Ability to smell is reduced Tactile sensation are affected

16. Cont.. Immune system:- Resistance power decreases Probability of infections increase s

17. Psychological changes Psychosocial changes cannot be separated from physical changes Because with decreased activity of sensory organ person is not able to work with full efficiency in his environment due to this psychosocial state is affected. The changes of old age are as follow: Personality in old age, changes may occur in personality due to life partner death, Decrease or end of self dependence loss of source of income etc. Memory power may decrease with age in some old people the tendency to repeat facts and

18. Cont.. information increases Confused memory also may be found Intelligence : if old person is not stick, usually his intelligence is not affected Because of old age person never becomes more intelligence, nor less intelligent, the persons state of intelligence become more fertile. Sexuality physical incapacity , less secretion of hormones, degeneration of reproductive organs, lack of privacy, Hesitation and death of life partner, intolerance relating to sexual at in old age etc.

19. Summary Now I am going to summaries the topic aeging process and changes of people are abbreviation, terminology, factors affects the ageing process ,physical and psychological chages , nurses responsibilities.

20. Conclusion I hope you all understand the ageing process and changes as a nurse if you got the chance to work a work opportunity to care of elderly people so you should apply the proper knowledge with confidently and do and responsibility with kindly. your work

21. Bibliography K park. Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine 23rd edition. Bhanot publishers. New Delhi 2015. Page number 594-597, Shabeer P. Basheer Textbook of advanced nursing practice Second edition EMMESS medical publisher 2019 Page number 700-708 Lakhwinder Kaur Textbook of medical surgical nursing 1st Volume Lotus publisher 2014 Page number 568-570