Unit layout plan

content of ppt related to unit layout plan of the hospital & hospital design

1. UNIT LAYOUT PLAN

2. Important of this topic Hospitals are the most complex of building types. Each hospital is comprised of a wide range of services and functional units. A functional design can promote skill, economy, conveniences, and comforts; A non-functional design can impede activities of all types,detract from quality of care, and raise costs to intolerable levels.

3. Hospital design staff   Architect, Biomedical Engineer and Doctors Biomedical engineer and Doctors responsible for: Function, Proper Location, Utilities & Operating Conditions of Medical Equipment. Architect responsible for : studying information given by the biomedical engineer and considering it for the final design.

4. Elements and divisions of the hospital The main division of the hospitals are: Administration division Outpatients’ division, includes; Outpatient clinics. Pharmacy. Emergency reception. Diagnostic services division, includes; Laboratories. Radiology (diagnostic). Therapeutic services division, includes; Physical Therapy. Radiology (therapeutic).

5. Internal medical treatment division, includes ; . Operation Theatres Intensive Care unit. Maternity section. Central Sterilization Departmen t. Inpatient division, includes; Patient wards. Nurses wards. Inpatient services . 7 . Genera l ser v ice div i s i on , includes; Kitchen. Laundry. Storages. Workshops. Mechanical services. Mortuary. Security. Parking. Landscaping.

6. GENERAL REQUIREMENT The following general requirements are to be obtained: Environment: A hospital and other health facilities shall be so located that it is readily accessible to the community and reasonably free from undue noise, smoke, dust, foul odor, flood, and shall not be located adjacent to railroads, freight yards, children's playgrounds, airports, industrial plants, disposal plants. Occupancy: A building designed for other purpose shall not be converted into a hospital. Safety: A hospital and other health facilities shall provide and maintain a safe environment for patients, personnel and public .

7. Security : A hospital and other health facilities shall ensure the security of person and property within the facility. Parking: A hospital and other health facilities shall provide a parking space Flexibility : Follow modular concepts of space planning and layout as possible. Served by modular, easily accessed, and easily modified mechanical and electrical systems. Open-ended design, with well-planned directions for future expansion; for instance positioning "soft spaces" such as administrative departments, adjacent to "hard spaces" such as clinical laboratories. Accessibility: All areas inside and outside the hospital should be designed to be easy to use by the all kinds of patients with temporary or permanent handicaps. Ensuring grades are flat enough to allow easy movement and sidewalks and corridors are wide enough for two wheelchairs or stretchers to pass easily.  

8. ZONING The different areas of a hospital shall be grouped according to zones as follows: Outer Zone Areas that are immediately accessible to the public: emergency service, outpatient service, and administrative service. They shall be located near the entrance of the hospital. Second Zone Areas that receive workload from the outer zone: laboratory, pharmacy, and radiology. They shall be located near the outer zone. Service Zone Areas that provide support to hospital activities: dietary service, housekeeping service, maintenance and motor pool service, and mortuary. They shall be located in areas away from normal traffic.

9. HOSPITAL CIRCULATION Hospitals, like the small cities they are likened to, contain main circulation routes often described as hospital streets. The way, in which the different parts of the hospital are assembled, as a coherent whole but with the parts differentiated. The following circulations are usually considered in hospitals design and planning:   Patient Circulation Medical Staff Circulation Material Circulation Visitors Circulation Waste Circulation Support Staff circulation

10. Design considerations “ District Hospitals: Guidelines for Development”, World Health Organization, Geneva , 1992. Recommendations and studies of large World Bank experts “Building for Health Care: a Guide for Planners and Architects of First and Second Level Facilities”, World Bank, 1996 . Recommendations and studies of the American architect and planner of health care facilities ( E. Todd ); “Hospital Design and Function”, McGraw Hill, New York, 1964.

11. SIGNAGE

12. Floor,Wall,Ceiling

13. 1. Administration division Parts and components of the division: Reception hall. Waiting area. Registration. Treasury and Accounts. Staff offices. General manager office. Staff lounge. Nursing head office. WCs.

14. Location: Very close to main entrance of the hospital. Entrance area, registration, accounts should face the entrance, while the manager office should be back for privacy. Area of the department: U.S. Public Health Service ( USPHS): 50 bed hospital area = 214 m 2 100 bed hospital area = 363 m 2 200 bed hospital area = 567 m 2 World bank estimations (Hopkinson & Kostermans): 50 bed hospital area = 199 m 2 100 bed hospital area = 328 m 2 200 bed hospital area = 409 m 2

15. Examples for admin department 50 bed hospital , total area = 214 m 2

16. 100 bed hospital , total area = 363 m 2

17. 200 bed hospital , total area = 576 m 2

18. 2. Outpatients’ division External Outpatient Clinics: Parts and components of the division: Consultation room. Examination room. Treatment room. Waiting area. Staff room. WCs.

19. Location: Very close to the main entrance of the hospital. Close to the diagnostic services (labs and x-ray). Close the pharmacy. Area of the department: U.S. Public Health Service ( USPHS): 50 bed hospital area = 215 m 2 100 bed hospital area = 350 m 2 200 bed hospital area = 540 m 2 World bank estimations (Hopkinson & Kostermans): 100 bed hospital area = 345 m 2 200 bed hospital area = 505 m 2

20. Examples for Clinics department 50 bed hospital , total area = 215 m 2

21. 100 bed hospital , total area = 305 m 2

22. 200 bed hospital , total area = 542 m 2

23. Emergency reception: Parts and components of the division: Entrance + waiting area. Registration. Staff room. Mini-surgery. Test room. Medical utilities. Mini sterilization room.

24. Location: Very close to the exit door of the emergency. Very close to the radiology. Close to the pharmacy, laboratories, and central sterilization. Direct access to the stairs and elevators. Area of the department: U.S. Public Health Service ( USPHS): 100 bed hospital area = 100 m 2 200 bed hospital area = 215 m 2

25. Examples for Emergency department 100 bed hospital , total area = 100 m 2

26. 200 bed hospital , total area = 215 m 2

27. 3. Diagnostic services division Laboratories: Parts and components of the division: Work area. Waiting area. Sample room. Cleaning room. Staff offices. The most important labs in the hospital are: Chemical lab. Bacteriology lab. Histology lab. Pathology lab. Serology lab. Hematology lab. Microbiology lab.

28. Location: Very close to the emergency department and external clinics. Easily accessible from internal division. Easily accessible from maternity and surgery departments. Accessibility from central storages. Area of the department: U.S. Public Health Service ( USPHS): 50 bed hospital area = 25 m 2 100 bed hospital area = 60 m 2 200 bed hospital area = 103 m 2 Or area can be counted by the number of the beds, 0.7-0.8 m 2 / bed.

29. 50 bed hospital. 100 bed hospital. 200 bed hospital.

30. Radiology division: Parts and components of the division: X-ray rooms. Control room. Waiting area. Staff office. Utility room. Dark room. Film view. Store.

31. Location: Very close to the emergency department and external clinics. Easily accessible from internal division. Ground floor is preferred. Area of the department: U.S. Public Health Service ( USPHS): 50-100 bed hospital area = 65-104 m 2 200 bed hospital area = 220-240 m 2

32. Examples for radiology department 100 bed hospital , total area = 155m 2

33. 200 bed hospital , total area = 175m 2

34. 4. Therapeutic services division Physical therapy division: Parts and components of the division: Waiting area. Office. Hydrotherapy. Exercise room. WCs.

35. Location: Close to the main entrance of the hospital. Easy accessible from external clinics. Easy accessible from internal division. Must be in the ground floor. Area of the department: U.S. Public Health Service ( USPHS): 50-100 bed hospital area = 65-104 m 2 200 bed hospital area = 155-225 m 2

36. Examples for physical department 200 bed hospital area = 155 m 2

37. 5. Internal medical treatment division Operation theatre: Parts and components of the division: Entrance. Storage. Preparation room. Access area. Staff clothes room + WCs. Operation theatre. Cleanup room. Sub sterilizing room. Supervision room. Staff lockers.

38. Location: Very close to the intensive care division and should be touchable both of them. Very close to the central sterilization division of the hospital. Close to the inpatient wards. Can be easily accessible from the emergency division. Area of the department: U.S. Public Health Service ( USPHS): 50 bed hospital area = 185 m 2 100 bed hospital area = 360 m 2 200 bed hospital area = 550 m 2

39. Examples for operation department 50 bed hospital area = 185 m 2

40. 100 bed hospital area = 360 m 2

41. 200 bed hospital area = 550 m 2

42. Intensive care unit: Parts and components of the division: I.C.U space.

43. Location: Very close to the recovery room in the operation theatre. Can be easily accessible from the emergency division by elevator. Area of the department: Must be designed 1-2 % of hospital beds.

44. Maternity division: Parts and components of the division: 20-40 m2 26 m2 Open room. Operation. WCs. Utilities. 8 m2 Office. 15 m2 Unclean room. 8 m2 Cleanup room. 5 m2 Storage. 10 m2 Waiting area. 10 m2 Corridors w = 2.2 m

45. Central sterilization division: Parts and components of the division: Work space. Receiving area. Washing area. Supplies storage.

46. Location: Very close to the operation theatre and maternity division. Can be easily accessible from the emergency division, laundry and central storages. Area of the department: U.S. Public Health Service ( USPHS): 100 bed hospital area = 65 m 2 200 bed hospital area = 110 m 2 Or 0.6-0.9 m 2 /bed, 0.6 m 2 for large hospitals and 0.9 m 2 for small hospitals.

47. Examples for central sterilization department 100 bed hospital area = 65 m 2

48. 200 bed hospital area = 110 m 2

49. 6. Inpatient division Parts and components of the division: Inpatient wards. 11.5m 2 /bed – 8m 2 /bed. WCs. Nursing station. Not less than 12m 2 for 30 patients. Treatment rooms. 10-15m 2 for 60 patients. Day rooms. 0.7m 2 /bed and not less than 15m 2 Nurses’ lounge. Not less than 12m 2 Storage. 8-12m 2 Kitchen. 12m 2 Doctor room. 15m 2 The most suitable beds in the hospital is 20-40 patient / unit.

50. A Nightingale ward is a type of hospital ward, which contains one large room without subdivisions for patient occupancy. Nightingale wards contain about 24 to 34 beds usually arranged along the sides of the ward.

51. LABOR ROOM

52. 7. General service division Dietary division: Spaces of the division: Storage room. Kitchen. Preparing and supply area. Cleaning.

53. Location: In the ground floor. Direct opening to the service entrance. Area of the department: Rosenfield 100 bed hospital area = 195 m 2 200 bed hospital area = 355 m 2

54. Examples for dietary division 100 bed hospital area = 195 m 2

55. 200 bed hospital area = 355 m 2

56. Housekeeping division: Spaces of the division: Office. Dirty linen. Clean linen. Storage. Laundry. Mechanical room. Lo c ation: In the ground floor. Close to central storages. Area of the department: 1. U.S. Public Health Service ( USPHS): 50 bed hospital area = 150 m 2 100 bed hospital area = 180 m 2 200 bed hospital area = 270 m 2

57. General Storages: Spaces of the division: Medicine storage. Furniture storage. Food storage. Utilities storage. Achieve. General storages.

58. Location: In the ground floor. Close to housekeeping and dietary division. Direct access to the service entrance. Area of the department: U.S. Public Health Service ( USPHS): 100 bed hospital area = 260 m 2 200 bed hospital area = 520 m 2 Generally the area of the storages is 2-2.6m 2 /bed.

59. Mortuary division: Location: In the ground floor or basement floor. Exit from emergency entrance or service entrance. Area of the department: U.S. Public Health Service ( USPHS): 50 bed hospital area = 25 m 2 100 bed hospital area = 45 m 2 200 bed hospital area = 70 m 2

60. Maintenance workshops: Location: In the ground floor or basement floor. Direct relation with service entrance. Area of the department: WHO experts: 50 bed hospital area = 65 m 2 100 bed hospital area = 90 m 2

61. Entrances and circulation Entrances: Patient visitors entrance. External clinics entrance. Emergency entrance. Service entrance. Mortuary entrance.