Unreal Conditionals - second and third conditionals

Unreal Conditionals

1. Unreal Conditionals (2nd and 3rd Conditionals) EF B2.2 5A

2. “Real” Conditionals 0 conditional → always true , present reference. If you heat water to 100C, it boils 1st conditional → possible , present/future reference If you study hard, you will pass the exam If you can attend, don’t miss this class

3. Unreal Conditionals 2nd conditional → hypothetical, present/future reference. If you studied harder, you would pass the exam 3rd conditional → impossible , past reference If you had studied hard, you would have passed the exam

4. The Second Conditional Review

5. Second Conditional Use second conditional sentences ( if + past simple , would/wouldn’t + infinitive ) to talk about hypothetical or improbable situations in the present/future If there was a fire in this hotel, it would be very difficult to escape

6. Second Conditional In the if-clause you can also use the past continuous ( was/were + verb -ing ), and/or could/might instead of would . If you weren’t making so much noise , I could/might concentrate better. I could/might concentrate better if you weren’t making so much noise

7. Second Conditional With the verb be you can use was or were for I , he , and she in the if-clause . However, in conditionals beginning If I were you … to give advice, always use were . If she was/were more sociable, she’ d have more friends. If I was / were you, I wouldn’t touch that.

8. The Third Conditional R eview

9. Third Conditional We use 3rd conditional sentences ( if + past perfect , would/wouldn’t have + past participle ) to talk about a hypothetical past situation and its consequence. This situation is impossible (unless you could travel back in time…) If you had studied hard er, you would have passed the exam (but you didn’t – and you cannot change that -)

10. Third Conditional You can also use the past perfect continuous ( had been + verb + -ing ) in the if-clause , and/or could/might have instead of would have in the other clause. You could have died if you hadn’t been wearing a hard hat

11. Second or Third Conditional? If you studied more, you would pass the exam Present/present reference (hypothetical) – 2nd Conditional If you had studied more, you would have passed the exam Past reference (impossible) – 3rd Conditional

12. Mixed Conditionals (WTF! ) Sometimes we mix the second and third conditionals when a hypothetical situation in the past has a present/future consequence If he had studied medicine, he would be a doctor If she hadn’t forgotten to buy the tickets, we’ d be flying to London tomorrow

13. Online Exercises http://www.impact-english.com/members/Grammar_Practice/Always/test-grammar/gr_prac_form-Cond3.htm http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/thirdconditional/menu.php http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/3cond1.htm http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=3233