Updated_Living_Things_Are_Made_Up_of_Cells-1.pptx

Presentation

1. WARM UP: JUMBLED WORDS

2. LLEC LWAL A rigid outer layer found in plant cells, bacteria, fungi, and some other organisms. It provides structure, support, and protection.

3. Anplt lelc A type of cell that makes up plants. It has a cell wall, chloroplasts (for photosynthesis), and a large central vacuole, which are not found in animal cells.

4. Minaal lcel A type of cell that makes up animals. It does not have a cell wall or chloroplasts but has a flexible cell membrane and other specialized structures like lysosomes.

5. Kareuotey An organism made up of cells that have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Examples include plants, animals, fungi, and protists.

6. NAD Is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for all living organisms, guiding their development, function, growth, and reproduction.

7. Yoteprorak A simple, single-celled organism that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.

8. Living Things Are Made Up of Cells

9. What is cell ? “A cell is defined as the smallest, basic unit of life that is responsible for all of life's processes.” Cells are the structural, functional, and biological units of all living beings. A cell can replicate itself independently. Hence, they are known as the building blocks of life.

10. Introduction to Cells • Cells are the smallest, most basic unit of life. • Cell Theory: - All living things are made of cells. - Cells are the building blocks of structure and function in living organisms. - All cells come from the division of pre-existing cells.

11. Introduction to Cells • Cells are the smallest, most basic unit of life. • Cell Theory: - All living things are made of cells. - Cells are the building blocks of structure and function in living organisms. - All cells come from the division of pre-existing cells .

12. Types of Cells

13. Prokaryotic Cells: - No true nucleus, no membrane-bound organelles. - Example: Bacteria and archaea. - Simple cells that perform basic functions like metabolism.

14. Eukaryotic Cells: - Have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. - Examples: Animal, plant, fungi, and protists. - More complex and specialized for different tasks.

15. Plant vs. Animal Cells

16. • Similarities: - Both have cell membranes, nuclei c acid , and other organelles. • Differences: - Plant cells: Have a rigid cell wall, chloroplasts for photosynthesis, and a large vacuole. - Animal cells: Lack a cell wall and chloroplasts, have lysosomes, and smaller vacuoles.

17. Cell Structure and Functions

18. Nucleus: Contains DNA, and controls gene expression. Cell Membrane: Semi-permeable, controls what enters/leaves the cell. Mitochondria: Powerhouse, generates energy (ATP). Ribosomes: Protein factories, synthesize proteins. Chloroplasts (plants): Convert sunlight to energy through photosynthesis.

19. Specialized Cells • Specialized cells have distinct functions: - Red Blood Cells: Transport oxygen in the blood. - Muscle Cells: Contract to allow movement. - Neurons: Transmit electrical signals. - Root Hair Cells (plants): Absorb water and nutrients.

20. Specialized Cells • Specialized cells have distinct functions: - Red Blood Cells: Transport oxygen in the blood. - Muscle Cells: Contract to allow movement. - Neurons: Transmit electrical signals. - Root Hair Cells (plants): Absorb water and nutrients.

21. Multicellular vs. Unicellular Organisms

22. Multicellular vs. Unicellular Organisms

23. Multicellular vs. Unicellular Organisms • Unicellular: One cell performs all life processes (e.g., amoeba, bacteria). • Multicellular: Many specialized cells work together (e.g., humans, plants).

24. Cell Division and Growth • Mitosis: Process of cell division, producing two identical daughter cells. • Phases: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis. • Importance: Ensures growth, repairs tissues, and maintains cellular function.

25. Cell Division and Growth • Mitosis: Process of cell division, producing two identical daughter cells. • Phases: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis. • Importance: Ensures growth, repairs tissues, and maintains cellular function.

26. Quiz time 1-5 MULTIPLE CHOICE

27. What are all living things made up of? a. atoms b. cells c. molecules d. tissues

28. 2. Which type of cell contains a nucleus? a. prokaryotic cell b. eukaryotic cell c. bacterial d. virus

29. 3. What is found inside the nucleus of a cell? a. cytoplasm b. DNA c. ribosomes d. mithochondria

30. 4. Which of the following is a characteristics of all living organisms? a. They have a nucleus b. they are made up of cells c. they have chloroplasts d. they perform photosynthesis

31. 5. Which of these is not part of the cell theory? A. All living things are made of cells b. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things c. All cells come from pre-existing cells d. Cells can spontaneous generate from non-living matter

32. Conclusion • Cells are the basic building blocks of living organisms. • They carry out essential functions to keep organisms alive. • Every living thing is made up of cells.