Updated Suicide- A Public Health Concern.pptx

Mental Health

1. Suicide: A Public Health Concern Presented by : Dr. Rimsha Khan, Dr.Shahroze Ahmed Khan & Dr.Beenish Pervaiz This presentation aims to raise awareness about suicide as a critical public health issue. It will explore the scope of the problem, risk factors, warning signs, and resources available for prevention.

2. Suicide: Understanding and Preventing a Public Health Crisis Suicide is a serious public health concern affecting individuals, families, and communities worldwide. This presentation will provide an overview of suicide, its impact, and resources available for prevention. We can all play a role in creating a more supportive environment and reducing the risk of suicide.

3. The Scope of Suicide Global health problem: Suicide is the fourth leading cause of death among young people aged 15-29 years old. Every year, an estimated 703,000 people die by suicide. Suicide impacts people of all ages, genders, and backgrounds. Suicide is a global issue with devastating consequences. It disproportionately affects young people but can occur at any stage of life. Understanding the scope of this problem is crucial for prioritizing suicide prevention efforts

4. Risk Factors for Suicide Mental health conditions: Depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and substance abuse are significant risk factors. Previous suicide attempts: Individuals with a history of suicide attempts are at higher risk. Personal loss: Experiencing the death of a loved one or a major life change can increase risk. Social isolation and lack of support: Feeling disconnected from friends, family, or community can contribute to suicidal thoughts.Bullying and discrimination: Victims of bullying or discrimination are more vulnerable. Several risk factors can increase an individual's vulnerability to suicide. While the presence of a risk factor doesn't guarantee someone will attempt suicide, it's crucial to be aware of these factors and reach out for help if needed

5. Warning Signs of Suicide Talking about wanting to die or feeling hopeless. Increased isolation or withdrawal from social activities. Sudden changes in mood or behavior. Making arrangements or giving away possessions. Increased use of drugs or alcohol. Reckless behavior. If you notice someone exhibiting warning signs of suicide, take them seriously. Don't hesitate to reach out and offer support. Early intervention can save lives

6. Statistical Research in Pakistan In Pakistan, almost 13% of the country’s 221 million population falls in the age group 10-14 years and 10.37% in 15-19 years of age. The real burden of mental health problems in children and adolescents in Pakistan is unknown due to lack of epidemiological research. There are no official national statistics regarding suicide in Pakistan, as it lacks vital statistics registration systems. Hence, data on suicidal behavior in Pakistani youth is also sparse. Differences in pattern and characteristics of suicide among children and adolescents necessitates the analysis of suicidal deaths in younger age groups. Furthermore, awareness of trends, risk factors, and preferred methods of suicide in the country would also be helpful to extend our understanding of the problem and for planning prevention intervention for suicidal adolescents based on local evidence

7. Private Research Results In Pakistan Private research via media and newspapers yielded 2295 suicide death reports published from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021, from the online archives of all selected newspapers. Among these, 289 (13%) were of adolescents (10-18 years old). One hundred fifty one reports were in 2019 and 139 in 2020. Of the 289 suicides of children and adolescents identified, 149 (51.5%) were males. Age group 15-18 years comprised two thirds (192, 66%) of all suicides

8. How to Control Suicide rates in Pakistan In a significant stride towards mental health reform, Pakistan decriminalised attempted suicide (later challenged in the Federal Sharia Court) by repealing Section 325 of the Pakistan Penal Code, a change that stands out for its compassion and understanding. The repeal is complemented by the Mental Health Act’s Section 49, which introduces mandatory psychiatric assessments to ensure that individuals experiencing mental distress receive the care they need. This reform became possible due to the steadfast advocacy of mental health experts, including those in the Pakistan Psychiatric Society, the efforts of legislators in 2022, and the support of religious and educational groups. There is a need to work more on this issue as still whatever has been done yet is not at all enough.

9. Helplines Umang – Open 24/7 – Volunteers – 03117786264- umang.com.pk Rozan Counseling Helpline- 0304111 1741-rozan.org Child Helpline, Child Protection and Welfare Bureau 1121 - https://cpwb.punjab.gov.pk/