Upper motor neuron

1. Upper Motor Neuron Lesion BY: NUR ADILIA NUR ATIKAH SITI HAJAR FATHIRAH AINA

2. Neuroanatomy UMN motor neurons originate in the motor region of the cerebral cortex or the brain stem and carry motor info to the final common pathway. Betz cell  large pyramidal cells UMN lesions result from damage of Corticospinal tract Cortico bulbar tract Pyramidal Tract Lesion

3. Upper Motor Neuron Weakness If lesion is above pyramidal decussation ( level of lower medulla)  weakness at contralateral to site of lesion If lesion occurs lower than the level weakness at ipsilateral to lesion

4. Upper Motor Neuron Weakness Increased tone ( spasticity) Spastic catch: mild spasticity during flexion “Clasp-knife “ phenomenon relaxation following resistance to passive flexion of elbow or knee Clonus  rythmic involuntary muscle contractions abruptly applied n sustained strtch stimulus Brisk tendon reflex – KPR, biceps reflex, triceps reflex Extensor Plantar Response  positive Babinski

5. Pyramidal pattern weakness * Anti Gravity Muscles are stronger * Flexor in UL stronger than extensor Extensor in LL stronger than flexor Eg : - hemiplegia - Circumductive gait

6. Babinski Reflex