URETHRA DISCHARGE for STI MANAGEMENT IN CLINICS.pptx

Urethra discharge management in clinics

1. OBJECTIVES Define urethral discharge Explain the Mode of transmission of urethral discharge Explain the nursing and medical management of urethral discharge Explain the Preventive measures of urethral discharge

2. Urethral discharge Urethral discharge is characterized by abnormal purulent or mucoid secretions from the penis or, rarely, the female urethra. Urethral discharge reflects inflammation of the urethra usually caused by infection. Urethritis is defined as the presence of leukorrhea and urethral inflammation. Clinically, urethritis in men is characterized by urethral discharge and is often accompanied by dysuria.

3. Mode of transmission The mode of transmission for urethral discharge can vary depending on the underlying cause, but common routes of transmission include:   Sexual contact: Urethritis and urethral discharge can be caused by STIs such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, and NGU, which are transmitted through sexual contact (vaginal, anal, or oral).   Non-sexual transmission: In rare cases, urethritis and urethral discharge can be caused by non-sexual transmission of bacteria or fungi from the surrounding skin or other body parts. Urethral discharge, typically associated with sexually transmitted infections like gonorrhea or chlamydia, is mainly transmitted through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected partner. It can also be transmitted from mother to child during childbirth.

4. nursing management strategies for urethral discharge:  1 . Assessment: Conduct a thorough physical examination, take a detailed medical history, and assess the characteristics of the discharge (color, consistency, amount, and duration).   2. Fluid Management: Encourage adequate fluid intake to help flush out bacteria and promote healing.   3. Urine Collection: Collect a urine sample for laboratory analysis to identify the underlying cause of the discharge.   4. Medication Administration: Administer antibiotics or antiviral medications as prescribed to treat underlying infections or STIs.  

5. 5 . Comfort Measures: Provide comfort measures such as warm compresses, sitz baths, or analgesics to relieve discomfort and pain.   6. Education: Educate the patient on proper hygiene, safe sexual practices, and the importance of completing prescribed treatment.   7. Follow-up: Schedule follow-up appointments to monitor progress, assess for complications, and provide ongoing support and education.

6. Medical Management: Clinical Assessment: Evaluate symptoms of urethral discharge like: dysuria, frequency, urgency. Assess for risk factors: recent sexual contacts, unprotected intercourse. Empirical Treatment Administer antibiotics targeting common pathogens: Ceftriaxone: Covers gonorrhea. Azithromycin: Covers chlamydia. Provide treatment for potential co-infections or other sexually transmitted infections based on regional guidelines. Diagnostic Testing: Perform diagnostic tests if available: Gram stain of urethral discharge. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) for gonorrhea and chlamydia. Modify treatment based on test results if necessary.  

7. Follow-Up Care: Schedule follow-up visits for assessment and monitoring. Reinforce counseling messages and provide additional support as needed. Facilitate partner notification and treatment if not already addressed.

8. Preventive measure  Practicing safe sex: Consistently using condoms during sexual activity can help to prevent the spread of STIs that can cause urethritis and urethral discharge.   Avoiding multiple sexual partners: Having multiple sexual partners increases your risk of exposure to STIs.   Regular STI screening: Getting tested for STIs regularly, especially if you're sexually active with multiple partners, can help to identify and treat any infections early.

9. REFERENCES Bhavsar C, Patel RM, Marfatia Y. A study o 113 Cases of genital ulcerative disease and utrethreal discharge syndrome with validation of syndromic management of sexually transmitted diseases. Indian J Sex transm Dis AIDS 2014;35:35-9. Khan AA, Khan A. Sexually transmitted infection care in Parkistan : the provider’s perspective. J Pak Med Assoc.2012;62:941-5 Ramsberg j, Asseburg C, Herikssons M. The cost effectiveness of syndromic management for male sexually transmitted diseases patients with urethral discharge symptoms and genital ulcer disease in Taiwan. Sex Transm Infect 2008;84:400-4. Sieghart W. Chandeying V, Skov S, Tabrizi SN, Kemapunmanus M, Garland S. Can a two_-glass urine test or leucocyte esterase test of first-void urine improve syndromic management of male urethritis in southern Thailand? Int J STD AIDS. 2000;12:235-4.