Urinary incontinence - Causes, types, management

inability to hold on to urine for a long time is called urinary incontinence. this ppt discuss regarding its causes, types and menthids of management from medical and nursing point of view

1. Urinary Incontinence Viresh Sunil Mahajani M. Sc Medical Surgical Nursing (Cardiovascular and Thoracic Nursing) Institute of Nursing Education, Mumbai

2. Introduction Urinary incontinence (UI) is an involuntary leakage of urine. Although incontinence is more prevalent among older women and older men, it is not a natural consequence of aging. UI has traditionally been viewed as a social or hygienic problem, but it also has a major effect on quality of life and contributes to serious health problems, especially in older adults

3. Types Of Urinary Incontinence

4. Types Of Urinary Incontinence 1. Stress incontinence - Urine leaks when you exert pressure on your bladder by coughing, sneezing, laughing, exercising or lifting something heavy. 2. Urge incontinence - You have a sudden, intense urge to urinate followed by an involuntary loss of urine. You may need to urinate often, including throughout the night. Urge incontinence may be caused by a minor condition, such as infection, or a more severe condition such as a neurological disorder or diabetes.

5. 3. Overflow incontinence - You experience frequent or constant dribbling of urine due to a bladder that doesn't empty completely. 4. Functional incontinence - A physical or mental impairment keeps you from making it to the toilet in time. For example, if you have severe arthritis, you may not be able to unbutton your pants quickly enough. 5. Mixed incontinence - You experience more than one type of urinary incontinence — most often this refers to a combination of stress incontinence and urge incontinence.

6. Aetiology UI occurs when bladder pressure exceeds urethral closure pressure. Anything that interferes with bladder or urethral sphincter control can result in UI. Using the acronym DRIP, the causes can include D- delirium, dehydration, depression; R: restricted mobility, rectal impaction; I: infection, inflammation, impaction; and P. polyuria, polypharmacy

7. Management strategies Behavioral therapies Pelvic floor muscle Drug therapy - Anticholinergic drugs, Botox

8. Nursing management Recognize both the physical and emotional problems associated with UI. Maintain and enhance the patient’s dignity, privacy, and feelings of self-worth. This is a two- step approach: (1) containment devices to manage existing urinary leakage and (2) a definitive plan to reduce or resolve the factors leading to UI.

9. Summary Urinary incontinence (UI) is an involuntary leakage of urine. UI has traditionally been viewed as a social or hygienic problem, but it also has a major effect on the quality of life and contributes to serious health problems, especially in older adults. Types of urinary incontinence include: 1. Stress incontinence 2. Urge incontinence 3. Overflow incontinence 4. Functional incontinence 5. Mixed incontinence

10. Management of urinary incontinence includes- 1.Pelvic floor exercise 2.Drug therapy - Anticholinergic and Botox therapy 3.Nursing Management

11. Assignment Define urinary incontinence, Discuss the nursing management of patient with urinary incontinence.

12. Bibliography- Lewis’s, Medical-Surgical Nursing, Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems, Volume 2, Chapter -42, Renal and Urological problems, Page no- 1075 – 1079 Online references 1.https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/urinary-incontinence/symptoms-causes/syc-20352808 2.https://www.urologyhealth.org/urology-a-z/u/urinary-incontinence 3. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/urinary-incontinence/