Urinary tract infections-(UTI) pptx slide share
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Jul 16, 2024
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#UTI (Urinary tract infections)-(UTI) pptx slide share , health care, treatment, prevention, causes and symptoms, diagnosis. #uti #fisioterapia #covid #urinarytractinfection #o #enfermagem #terapiaintensiva #hospital #medicina #bladder #womenshealth #kidneystones #kidney #urine #fisioterapeuta #fi...
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U RINARY TRA CT INFECTION (UTI) P repared by- Mr. Ambala Chandu Reddy (pharm-D Second year) Pathophysiology department Professor- Dr. P. Sravanthy mam {HOD} PATHFINDER INST it UTE OF PHARMACY EDUCATION AND RESEARCH , WARANGAL
INTRODUCTION: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in any part of urinary system-kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. UTI is common, particularly in women, most often occurring in a normal urinary tract and usually as cystitis; half of all women will experience a UTI in their lifetime.
The incidence of UTI in children aged 1-2 years is 8.1% in girls and 1.9% in boys. Studies from Sweden have indicated that at least 3% of girls and 1% of boys have a symptomatic UTI by age 11 years. INCIDENCE :
Classification Of UTI : A. Upper UTI: Acute pyleonephritis :infection of the kidneys Chronic pyleonephriitis Interstitial pyleonephritis Renal abscess Perirenal abscess
B. Lower UTI: Cystitis :infection of the bladder Prostatitis :infection of the prostate gland Urethritis :infection of the urethra vaginitis - infection of the vagina.
ETIOLOGY & RISK FACTORS: The most common cause of UTIs is E. Coli bacteria A structural deformity or blockage in one of the organs of the urinary tract Abnormal function of the urinary tract Vesicoureteral reflux, a birth defect that results in the abnormal backward flow of urine. The use of bubbles in baths (for girls) Tight-fitting clothes (for girls) Poor toilet and hygiene habits
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY :
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION PARTS OF URINARY TRACT CLINICAL MANIFESTATION SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Kidney (acute pyelonephritis) upper back and side (flank) pain high fever shaking and chills nausea Vomiting Bladder (cystitis) pelvic pressure lower abdomen discomfort frequent painful urination blood in urine Urethra (urethritis) burning during urination discharge
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Symptoms of a UTI can vary depending on the degree of infection . Fever Poor appetite Vomiting Diarrhea Irritability Overall feeling of illness
If the infection has traveled to the kidneys, the condition is more serious. You may experience more intense symptoms, such as: Irritability Chills with shaking high fever Skin that's flushed or warm Urinary tract infection Nausea and vomiting Severe abdominal pain
Medical MANAGEMENT : Pharmacological management : Amoxicillin Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid Cephalosporins Doxycycline ( but only in children over age 8) Nitrofurantoin
NON PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT : Drink plenty of fluids (Hydration) Ingestion cranberry juice Voiding after sexual intercourse (flushing bacteria out the urethra) Eating yogurt (contain active lactobacillus cultures) Avoiding constipation
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT Surgical removal of renal calculi , bladder calculi Ureteroplasty Reimplatation of ureters if Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) present
NURSING INTERVENTION Monitor vital signs Encourage increased fluid intake (3 - 4 liters a day if tolerated) Maintain an acid environment of the bladder by the use of agent Monitor laboratory findings Apply a heating pad to the suprapubic area or lower back Maintain bed rest
PREVENTION : Drink plenty of water and other fluids to flush the urinary system. Avoid tight-fitting clothing and especially girls. Avoid using spermicide -containing products, particularly with a diaphragm contraceptive device. Go to the toilet as soon as you feel the urge to urinate , rather than holding on. Wipe yourself from front to back (urethra to anus) after going to the toilet. Empty your bladder after sex.
COMPLICATION Renal failure : -UTIs that are not treated promptly could spread in the entire urinary system and become the cause of renal failure. Urosepsis - The bacteria may occupy the urinary system and result in sepsis.
CONCLUSION: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the 2nd most common bacterial infections . Women are more prone to UTIs than men . Never ignore urinogenital discomfort. An untreatend infection can affect your kidneys.
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