Uses of epidemiology

Use of epidemilogy in day to day practice

1. Uses of epidemiology Dr Deodatt M Suryawanshi .(Asst Prof CM)

2. Learning objectives Define epidemiology Differences between clinical medicine vs Epidemiology Uses of epidemiology Apply in daily use

3. Derivation of word Greek term Epi – upon , Demos – population logos – scientific study

4. Definition The study of frequency ,distribution and determinants of disease and health related states and events and application of knowledge in prevention ,control and mitigation of these problem

5. Epidemiology was born before clinical medicine 400 B C –Hippocrates occurrence of human disease to environment. 1747 -James lind treatment of scurvy by oranges. 1768 -Edward Jenner - Small pox vaccine. 1850 - Semmel weis puerperal sepsis – hand washing. 1853 – John snow control of cholera epidemic. 1950s -Doll and hill smoking causes lung cancer.

6. Major Break through of epidemilogy today Where only preventive methods have work in controlling the disease HIV/AIDS Preventive recommendations promiscuity ,needle sharing and other

7. Uses of Epidemiology Classify In Health care Management Understanding disease process In public health practice In clinical and preventive practice

8. In Health care Management Making Community diagnosis Take in account socio demographic data Quantifying and summarizing

9. Epidemiology Vs Clinical Medicine Focus is on an individual Physician Uses Lab tools for diagnosis Does not take other factors in account Does not form assumptions Does not help in policy formulation Not a quantitative science Focus is on Group Epidemiologist uses quantitative tool for community diagnosis Takes into account all factors which cause disease Form assumptions or hypothesis Helps in Public health policy formulation Quantitative and qualitative science Clinical medicine Epidemiology

10. Example of Community diagnosis

11. Planning and evaluation of health service Accurate information socio demo profile,the diseases,health facilities . Evaluation of a programme for its impact

12. Developing health policies

13. Understanding the disease process Study of natural history of diseases. Ex HIV Search for causes and risk factors of disease. Historic study of rise and fall of diseases. Ex plague, influenza, Lung cancer To identify syndromes. Association of two or more symptoms more frequently

14. Uses in Public Health practice Investigation of epidemic. Surveillance for diseases. Making projections. Assessing the programme for mass screening for diseases. Assisting in formulating medical teaching curriculum

15. Uses in clinical research Indispensable science for clinical research Assessment of effectiveness of various treatment modalities. One drug is better for treatment than other Assessing prognosis. Assessing the effectiveness of Diagnostic procedures . O ne diagnostic procedure is more effective

16. Guiding clinical decision.

17. Take home message…. Epidemiology is indispensible to clinical medicine.

18. Thanks