Using of face mask and sanitizer benefits and risks during cov id-19

University presentation

1. University Of Development Alternative(UODA) Submitted By: Shamima Nasrin Bithi Id: 032182011 Batch: 54th Semester: 10th Department of Pharmacy(UODA) Submitted To: Dr Kallol Debnath Associate Professor Department of Pharmacy University of Development Alternative(UODA) Submission Date : 20 May 2021

2. Assignment On : “Using Of Face mask and Hand Sanitizer: Benefits and Risks During COVID-19 Crisis.”

3. Introduction: General Discussion: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. It mainly transmitted through droplets generated when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or exhales. You can be infected by breathing in the virus if you are within close proximity of someone who has COVID-19, or by touching a contaminated surface and then your eyes, nose or mouth.

4. Coronavirus vaccine is still not available for everyone. We should be more concerned about the prevention. In preventing coronavirus, face masks and hand sanitizers play an effective role. Face masks and hand hygiene can help limit the spread.

5. Objectives: Know about the importance of face masks and hand sanitizers against COVID-19. Know how to use face masks and hand sanitizers properly. Know how improper use of face masks and hand sanitizers can increase risks. Precautions while using face masks and hand sanitizers.

6. What’s Face mask? A covering (as of polypropylene fiber or cotton fabric) for the mouth and nose that is worn especially to reduce the spread of infectious agents (such as viruses or bacteria ). It’s not a cure-all, science shows that the more people that wear masks in public, the more we can slow the spread of COVID-19.

7. Advantages of Face masks: Act as a barrier between the mouth and nose and the surrounding environment. Masking up is a cheap, effective way of limiting the transmission of the disease . Can prevent airborne diseases. Prevent polluted air to enter body. Prevent viruses, bacteria to enter body. Reduce the rate of morbidity and mortality in pandemic situations.

8. How do face masks can protect from COVID-19? “Wearing a face mask in public corresponds to the most effective means to prevent inter-human transmission(of COVID-19)”- Proceeding of the National academy of Sciences. COVID-19 is transmitted from person to person through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks . Masks provide a simple barrier to help prevent these respiratory droplets from spreading in the air .

9. Types of Face masks: When we hear about face masks for COVID-19 prevention, it’s generally three types : Cloth face mask S urgical mask N95 respirator

10. Cloth face mask: Cloth facing covering mask people can make using variety of fabrics. A tightly woven cotton fabric is most suitable for making these face mask. One can buy from store or from online also. Combination of cotton, silk chiffon, flannel etc. are suggested by many researchers for the mask. Diameter filtration capacity: >10 Microns

11. Surgical Mask: These kinds of mask are in the form of a personal protective equipment that are used to protect your nose and mouth. These masks helps in keeping a shield against cold, cough or sneeze which splashes or sprays over us. But can't protect against smaller size droplets. Diameter filtration capacity:>5 Microns

12. Respirators: These kinds of masks includes masks like N95. These masks fit very close to face. It's edges from a seal around mouth and nose as it has tangled fiber to filter the air. Diameter filtration capacity: 0.3 Microns.

13. What is the best face mask?

14. Steps For Wearing a Mask

15. The DOs of Wearing a Face Mask:

16. The Don'ts of Wearing a Face Mask:

17. How To Make Your Own Mask:

18. Side effects of using masks: Obscured Vision Suffocation Discomfort Feeling dyspneic Skin lesions Pain Redness on skin Creating a false sense of security Skin disease etc.

19. The Scenario of Wearing Face mask in Bangladesh: Nearly 63% of people wear masks in Bangladesh. Dhaka division is the worst in Bangladesh in terms of wearing protective masks.

20. What's Hand Sanitizer? Hand sanitizer, also called hand antiseptic, hand rub, or hand rub, agent applied to the hands for the purpose of removing common pathogens (disease-causing organisms ). Hand sanitizers typically come in foam, gel, or liquid form.

21. Advantages of Using Hand Sanitizer: Take less time than traditional hand washing with soap and water. Acts fast to kill microorganisms. Easy and quick to use. Reduces the spreading of illness many times. Portable and convenient. Irritates the skin less than soap and water. FAST EASY Convenient

22. How do hand sanitizers can protect from COVID-19? Proper hand hygiene is one of the most important measures that can be used to prevent infection with the COVID-19 virus . Tests have confirmed that two hand sanitizer formulations recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) inactivate the virus that causes coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19).

23. Formulations of Hand sanitizer: The WHO, recommend two alcohol-based sanitizer formulations to prevent the spread of pathogens in general. The first sanitizer comprises: Ethanol G lycerin (also known as glycerol ) Hydrogen peroxide

24. The second sanitizer comprises: Isopropanol (also known as 2-propanol or isopropyl alcohol ) Glycerol Hydrogen peroxide

25. How effective are they? The antimicrobial properties of ethanol increase with a mix of ethanol and water, making hand sanitizers more effective than pure ethanol in killing bacteria. Hand sanitizers containing isopropyl alcohol are also effective, and work in a similar way to ethanol to kill bacteria and viruses. FDA recommends that people choose a hand sanitizer containing ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol

26. How to use hand sanitizer:

27. How much should you use ? To use hand sanitizers effectively, place a small amount, the size of your thumbnail, on the palm of your hand and rub it over your entire hand, including in your nail beds. If the gel completely evaporates in less than 15 seconds, you have not used enough product.

28. Hand washing vs. Hand sanitizer: Knowing when it’s best to wash your hands, and when hand sanitizers can be helpful, is key to protecting yourself from the new coronavirus as well as other illnesses, like the common cold and seasonal flu . While both serve a purpose, washing your hands with soap and water should always be a priority. Only use hand sanitizer if soap and water isn’t available in a given situation.

29. How much alcohol should it contain? According to the CDC, hand sanitizer needs to contain at least 60% alcohol to be effective. This is because research has shown that alcohol concentrations below 60% are not as effective as killing germs, and may just decrease germ growth rather than destroying them. Hand sanitizers with less than 60% alcohol may also not kill as many different types of viruses and bacteria compared to higher concentrations. Ethanol is most effective in concentrations between 60–95%.

30. How to choose: People can look for the following when choosing an effective hand sanitizer: An alcohol percentage of 60% or higher Ethanol , or ethyl alcohol, listed in the ingredients Hand sanitizers that contain isopropanol or 2-propanol in the ingredients If a hand sanitizer simply lists “alcohol” in the ingredients list, it is referring to ethanol.

31. What to avoid: A person should avoid: Using any hand sanitizer that does not contain 60% ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol. Using any hand sanitizer on the FDA’s list of hand sanitizers people should not use. Using any hand sanitizer with methanol or 1-propanol listed in the ingredients. Buying any hand sanitizer that comes in packaging similar to any food or drink item, as hand sanitizer is poisonous to ingest. Additionally, people should avoid making hand sanitizer at home.

32. Making hand sanitizer at home:

33. Disadvantages of Using Hand sanitizers: Alcohol toxicity Itching Slight to severe flaking, scaling, or peeling Fine lines or cracks Gray, ashy skin color Redness Deep cracks that may bleed Fire Hazard

34. Is hand sanitizer flammable? Due to contain alcohol properties in high volume, hand sanitizers have been classified as Class 1 flammable liquid substance. It indicates that these substances have a flesh point of less than 100 degrees Fahrenheit. The vapors of Hand sanitizer tend to be flammable.

35. How to avoid Hand Sanitizer induced Fire hazard? Dry the hands Distant from ignitions sources Remove the spills Distant from chemical sources Avoid hot vehicle and direct sunlight Storage precautions Proper Disposal of used containers

36. Recommendation: COVID-19 pandemic situation is getting worse day by day. Vaccines are still not available for everyone. We should be more careful about prevention. Using face mask and Hand sanitizer in daily life is the new normal. We should wear mask when we are outside and also should wear it properly. Use hand sanitizer only when don’t have no alternative option.

37. Conclusion: Masks should be used as part of a comprehensive strategy of measures to suppress transmission and save lives. During the COVID-19 pandemic, throughout the flu season, and all-year-round, people must practice proper hand hygiene to prevent getting sick . The use of a mask alone is not sufficient to provide an adequate level of protection against COVID-19 . Masks and hand sanitizers are not all to prevent you from COVID-19. One should keep safety distance and other precautions to prevent COVID-19.

38. References: 1. https :// youtu.be/wgF-cY3U20o 2. https :// www.dhakatribune.com/health/coronavirus/2021/04/28/dhaka-division-worst-in-bangladesh-for-wearing-masks 3. https :// eurjmedres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40001-020-00430-5 4. https :// www.healthline.com/health/coronavirus-mask#types-of-masks 5. chrome-extension:// mhjfbmdgcfjbbpaeojofohoefgiehjai/index.html 6. https:// www.britannica.com/topic/hand-sanitizer 7. https:// www.unicef.org/sudan/everything-you-need-know-about-face-masks 8. https:// youtu.be/Svt4LIZovbE

39. References: https:// www.canadianliving.com/health/prevention-and-recovery/article/hand-sanitizers-benefits-and-limitations https:// www.who.int/gpsc/5may/Guide_to_Local_Production.pdf https:// www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-to-make-hand-sanitizer#can-you-make-it https:// www.healthline.com/health/coronavirus-mask#when-how-to-use https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7301780 /