UV RAYS our environment and its impotance

Uv rays

1. Course title: environmental studies topic: ozone layer depletion Submitted to: Ms. Ipshita Matta Submitted by: Komal ( Roll No. – 23508300049 Class- M.Com (FYIP) SEM-III

2. TABLE OF CONTENT Definition Cause Impact on human Impact on Environment Recent Report Review

3. DEFINITION “ The ozone layer is a region in the earth’s stratosphere that contains high concentrations of ozone and protects the earth from the harmful ultraviolet radiations of the sun.” If the ozone layer was absent, millions of people would develop skin diseases and may have weakened immune systems .

4. CAUSE OF OZONE DEPLITION   1. Chlorofluorocarbons Chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs are the main cause of ozone layer depletion. These are released by solvents, spray aerosols, refrigerators, air-conditioners, etc. The molecules of chlorofluorocarbons in the stratosphere are broken down by ultraviolet radiations and release chlorine atoms. These atoms react with ozone and destroy it. 2. Unregulated Rocket Launches Researches say that the unregulated launching of rockets results in much more depletion of the ozone layer than the CFCs do. If not controlled, this might result in a huge loss of the ozone layer by the year 2050.

5. CAUSE OF OZONE DEPLITION 3. Nitrogenous Compounds The nitrogenous compounds such as NO 2 , NO, N 2 O are highly responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer. 4. Natural Causes The ozone layer has been found to be depleted by certain natural processes such as Sun-spots and stratospheric winds. But it does not cause more than 1-2% of the ozone layer depletion .

6. CAUSE OF OZONE DEPLITION Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS) “Ozone-depleting substances are the substances such as chlorofluorocarbons, halons, carbon tetrachloride, hydrofluorocarbons, etc. that are responsible for the depletion of the layer.

7. IMPACT ON HUMAN Ozone depletion can cause  increased amounts of UV radiation to reach the Earth which can lead to more cases of 1. S kin cancer: Ozone depletion increases the amount of UV radiation that reaches the Earth’s surface, which can lead to more cases of skin cancer, including melanoma, the most fatal type. 2. Cataracts: UV radiation can cause cataracts, which are the leading cause of permanent blindness worldwide.

8. IMPACT ON HUMAN 3. Impaired immune systems : UV radiation can impair the immune system. 4. Sunburn and Snow Blindness: Overexposure to UV-B radiation can cause sunburn and snow blindness.

9. Impact on human 5 Cough and Sour throat: ozone depletion can cause coughing and a scratchy or sore throat. 6. Inflammation of airways: ozone depletion can cause inflammation of the airways and damage to the lungs, making them more susceptible to infection.

10. Impact on environment Ozone layer depletion has many negative impacts on the environment including: 1. Increased UV radiation : Ozone depletion allows more UV radiation to reach the Earth’s surface, which can damage human health, plants animals, and microbes. 2. Plant growth : UV radiation can inhibit the growth of plants, which can reduce agricultural productivity and lead to a loss of plant species.

11. Impact on environment 3. Aquatic life : UV radiation can damage aquatic life, especially those near the water’s surfaces, which are the basis of the food chain. 4. Animal health : UV radiation can cause cancer in domestic animals.

12. Recent report view According to recent report, the ozone layer is healing and is expected to recover to 1980 levels by 2066 1. Ozone hole size: The 2024 ozone hole was smaller than other years, ranking as the seventh smallest since 1992. the hole is expected to close towards the end of November under normal conditions.

13. Recent report view 2 Impact on climate change: The recovery of the ozone layer is helping to avoid global warming by 0.5 ℃. 3. Ozone layer recovery: The ozone layer is recovering due to the success of the Montreal Protocol, which has led to the phase out of the nearly 99% of banned ozone-depleting substances.

14. Thankyou