uzair_2413_4450_1_Lecture 3 and 4 Worships (Ibadat) or Five Pillars of.pptx

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1. Worships ( Ibadat ) or Five Pillars of Islam and its applications Lec 3 & 4

2. 1. Tawheed Defining The Tawheed The literal meaning of the word Tawheed is to believe in the oneness of Almighty Allah It is the first article/ pillar of Islam and that is the main differentiation between a believer and a non-believer.

3. Tauheed and Shirk Tauheed and Shirk both are opposite terms. Tawheed refers to monotheism whereas the concept of Shirk relies on polytheism. In Islam, the Shirk is considered as a major sin as in this act other false Gods are added. The Shirk is also highlighted in various places in Quran as: “Do not associate anything with Allah; most surely polytheism is a grievous iniquity.”  ( Surah Luqmān 31:13). “And whoever associates anything with Allah, he performs indeed a great sin.” ( Surah an- Nisā ’ 4:48)

4. Tawheed & Its Impact In The Life Of An Individual By entering the boundaries of Tauheed and by accepting the concept of monotheism, an individual affirms that there is no God but Allah and He alone is the Sustainer, Creator, and Holder of this universe. Once a believer accepts the faith in Allah then his deeds and his daily life tasks are automatically directed towards Allah and His teachings.

5. Cont’d. Another great impact of Tawheed is that a believer’s taught is optimized and he concludes that Allah is his savior and supporter no matter what the situations are. From self-humbleness to self-modesty, this article of faith greatly impacts the life of an individual.

6. Benefits of Tawheed A Muslim’s belief in Allah is most firm when he is connected with it He realizes that Allah is his only supporter, listener, and preventer By assisting this concept, his deeds are automatically redirected towards Allah and His teachings Humbleness and modesty became a part of his personality It grants an individual peace and courage because he has a belief that Allah is the giver and taker of life The strong belief of Tawheed gives the mental peace It liberates human society and gives the concept of harmony and equality Tawheed helps in the mature character building of a person It is the source of power and a booster to one’s soul

7. 2. Salat

8. 2. Salat or Prayer The Salah is the second pillar after Shahada . The word salah ( in Arabic: ‏ صلاة ‎ is used by Muslims across the globe and refers to the daily prayer. But prayer is also said by Arabic words “ dua ” and “ dhikr ” both meaning prayer. The actual meaning of the word in Salah or Salat in Arabic means connection, contact, or communication .

9. Doctrine of Namaz It is the phenomena via which God wants to inculcate the concept of self-accountability within individuals. This concept helps an individual to attain the level of self-reflection by continuously pointing out his immoral and deceitful acts in society . It is referring to establishing a connection with the creator . By praying Salah , one is seeking nearness to Allah and continuously striving to correct his immoral behavior, and making oneself away from harm or forbidden acts.  

10. Cont’d . Quranic Reference : And establish prayer and give zakah and bow with those who bow [in worship and obedience ]. 2:43 “O you who have believed, seek help through patience and prayer . Indeed, Allah is with the patient”.   2:153 “And when you call to prayer, they take it in ridicule and amusement . That is because they are a people who do not use reason”. 5:58

11. Cont’d. Hadith Reference: “Once a man asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about the most virtuous deed. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him ) stated that the most virtuous deed is the prayer . The man asked again and again. The first three times, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) again answered, " The prayer ," Then on the fourth occasion he stated, " Jihad in the way of Allah ." [This is from a hadith recorded by Ahmad and ibn Hibban .

12. Individual Benefits of Salah a. Remembrance of Allah: Allah has set times to break regularly from the daily chores of life for a few minutes, so that an individual worship Him.  The timings of prayers are arranged in a manner by Allah that an individual day starts with the remembrance of Allah ( meaning Fajar Prayer) and ends with the remembrance of Allah ( meaning Isha prayer)     The continuous process reminds a M uslim that Allah is in charge of everything , he is Allah’s faithful servant, and Allah’s pleasure is His aim.  “And establish the prayers ( salah ) in order to remember Me .” ( Quran 20:14)

13. Cont’d. b. Seeking His Forgiveness: To err is human, and even the most pious of Muslims sin and need to repent.  We all need to constantly ask for Allah’s forgiveness and try our best not to repeat our mistakes.  Without regular contact with Allah, a person is unlikely to feel guilty for his sins and repent . The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said,  “This is like the five daily prayers, through which Allah erases sin.”  ( Saheeh Al- Bukhari , Saheeh Muslim)

14. Cont’d . c. Inculcates Calmness and Serenity within Individuals: A very important ingredient of the prayer is the state of calmness and tranquility coupled with humility achieved by deep concentration.  Allah says in the Quran: “Successful indeed are the believers, those who humble themselves in their prayers.” (Quran 23:1-2)

15. Cont’d . d. Enables man to attain Self-Control and Discipline: The prayer has the capacity to catalyze change for the better in people’s life.  Because we surrender ourselves in front of God and try to abstain from unnecessary movement in prayer. In the same manner, Salat inculcates within individual the concept of self-control in social life meaning controlling oneself from haram acts, etc. “…Surely, the prayer ( salah ) prevents evil speech and bad deeds…”  (Quran 29:45)

16. Cont’d . e. Physiological and Physical Benefits of Salah ; In every posture there are certain health benefits, for example, bowing position tones stomach muscles, abdomen and kidneys and the spine becomes supple and flexible, while the spinal nerves are nourished. In doing Sujud , there is less chance of getting headache, spasms, aches, etc…. due to the fact that the electrostatic charges are dissipated and discharged.

17. ​Social Benefits of Salah a. Community Bonding: Prayer often takes place in groups, fostering a sense of community and belonging . Shared prayers create connections among individuals, promoting social interactions and support networks within religious communities . It basically reinforces the bonds of brotherhood. “ Salat in congregation is twenty seven times more meritorious than a salat performed individually ”. Sahih Bukhari

18. Cont’d . b. Eliminates the concept Social Class System: Praying in Jama’ah also strengthens the ties of brotherhood between the elderly and the young, the rich and the poor and the strong and the weak.  c. Addresses Muslim Brothers’ Needs :   By meeting several times a day in the mosque allows one to learn to look out for his brothers needs and problems. In this way, the Muslim society establishes an example of social integration and compassion for one another. This allows an individual to feel at ease and secure in their community.   Example of Masjid e Nabvi the first Islamic University  

19. Cont’d. d. Conflict Resolution: Prayer can serve as a tool for conflict resolution within communities. It promotes forgiveness, reconciliation, and understanding, fostering harmony among members with different perspectives or disagreements .

20. 3. Roza

21. 3. Roza “ Sawm ” is the Arabic term used to describe the act of fasting as generally abstaining oneself from food, drink, displeasing speech and behavior from dawn until dusk . Ramadan is the month that aims to purify the soul and brings the individual closer to Allah (SWT ). Towards the end, Muslim mark the occasion of Eid-ul-Fitr , a 3 day celebration that brings Ramadan to a close. 

22. The Doctrine of Roza or Fasting Fasting is the process of attaining self-control over bodily needs, wants and desires. It is the phenomena that enables men to realize higher faculties of life by avoiding oneself from excessive materialism (like food, clothes, etc.) and continuously searching ways to please Allah by feeding His needy servants. "It is the Islamic faith, which broadened its vision and scope about fasting and described it as a means for the attainment of higher ideals. All those desires and aspirations of life, which are otherwise within the ambit of morality, are prohibited during Islamic fasting for a definite period”.

23. Cont’d. Quranic Reference " O you who have believed, decreed upon you is fasting as it was decreed upon those before you that you may become righteous "  -- Surat Al- Baqarah 2:183 "...But to fast is best for you, if you only knew ." -- Surat Al- Baqarah 2:184

24. Cont’d. Hadith Reference: “Whoever fast in the month of Ramdan out of sincere faith and hoping for a reward from Allah, then all his past sins will be forgiven”. Sahih Muslim

25. Individual Benefits of Fasting a. Spiritual Growth: Fasting is a form of worship and a means of getting closer to God (Allah). It allows individuals to focus on their spiritual development, strengthening their relationship with the divine through increased prayer, Quranic recitation, and reflection . b. Personal Reflection: Fasting provides an opportunity for introspection and personal reflection . It allows individuals to assess their lives, re-evaluate priorities, and make positive changes in their behavior and attitudes.

26. Cont’d. c. Self-Control: Abstaining from food, drink, and other physical needs during daylight hours fosters self-discipline and control over one's desires. This discipline extends beyond eating habits to include control over emotions, speech, and behavior . d. Health Benefits: Controlled fasting has potential health benefits, including detoxification , improved digestion, and weight management . The intermittent fasting pattern observed during Ramadan can lead to healthier eating habits if balanced and followed properly.

27. Cont’d . e. Balance between Body and Soul: The Man is a mixture between body and soul. When he exceeds in fulfilling the needs of his body over his soul, he spoils his soul . Thus , it is Allah’s Mercy to guide man to the way of true happiness and salvation through making the balance needed between the body and the soul.

28. Social Benefits of Fasting a. Strengthening Social Ties It’s recommended for Muslims to offer Iftar (the meal for breaking fasting after the Sunset) for other Muslims. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) says: “ Whoever gives Iftar to one who is fasting will have a reward like the reward of the person who fasts .” [ Ibn Majah ]

29. Cont’d. b. Increasing Sympathy for the Needy One of the other social benefits of fasting in Ramadan is to experience the feelings of others. Thus, you can sympathize with the poor, help them, and be grateful to Allah for His favor on you. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) says : “If anyone relieves a Muslim believer from one of the hardships of this worldly life, Allah will relieve him of one of the hardships of the Day of Resurrection . If anyone makes it easy for the one who is indebted to him (while finding it difficult to repay), Allah will make it easy for him in this worldly life and in the Hereafter”. ( Sahih Muslim)

30. Cont’d. c. Social Cohesion in Society : Most of the social problems are caused due to backbiting and gossiping . However, Allah abstain humans from all kinds of unethical activities. Therefore, the practice of forbidding oneself from such acts would bring social cohesion and unity within society. d. Promotion of Patience and Tolerance: Fasting encourages patience and tolerance, as individuals practice self-restraint and exhibit a more patient demeanor, which contributes to a more harmonious social environment.

31. 4. Zakat or Almsgiving

32. 4. Zakat   Zakat is an Islamic financial term . As one of the pillars of the faith, it requires all Muslims to donate a portion of their wealth to charity. Muslims must meet a certain threshold before they can qualify for zakat . The amount is 2.5% or 1/40 of an individual's total savings and wealth.

33. The Doctrine of Zakat The exercise of Zakat is to teach man the concept of Socio-economic justice . The purpose is to purify wealth and to inculcate humbleness and humility within oneself, so that he may not become arrogant. The hidden motive behind Zakat is to realize man that wealth is a gift given by God; therefore, it’s his duty to allocate a share of his wealth to God.

34. Cont’d. Quranic Reference And establish prayer and give zakah , and whatever good you put forward for yourselves – you will find it with Allah. Indeed, Allah of what you do, is Seeing . 2:110 Indeed , those who believe and do righteous deeds and establish prayer and give zakah will have their reward with their Lord , and there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve . 2:277

35. Percentage of Zakat on Wealth Gold 7.5 tola Gold = 2.5% Silver 52.5 tola Silver = 2.5% Goat or sheep 40-120 Sheep/Goats = one sheep or goat Camel 5-9 Camels = one sheep Cow or Buffalos 30-39 Cows/Buffalos = One cow/bull aged one year

36. Heads of Zakat 1. Al- Fuqara (The poor) Fuqara are the people who live below the poverty line and don’t have enough means to live a normal life like others.  2. Al- Masakin (The needy or Orphan) Masakin are extremely poor and needy people. These people don’t have any possessions or income.

37. Cont’d. 3. Zakat collectors Zakat can be given to the people who are authorized to collect and distribute it among the needy and poor. 4. Who converted to Islam Those who are newly converted to Islam are eligible to receive zakat (if they are needy).

38. Cont’d. 5. Freeing captives Slavery is prohibited in many parts of the world but there are still some places where people are trafficked and kept as slaves 6. Debtors Zakat can be given to pay off the debts of someone who cannot repay on his own.

39. Cont’d. 7.   In the path of Allah Those who are striving in the path of Allah are entitled to receive your zakat . 8. Wayfarer (Travelers) Zakat can be given to a traveler who is left alone in a foreign land and is in need of money to get back to his destination or to fulfill his objective of traveling.

40. Cont’d . Hadiths Reference “ There is no envy except in two : a person whom Allah has given wealth and he spends it in the right way, and a person whom Allah has given wisdom (i.e. religious knowledge) and he gives his decisions accordingly and teaches it to the others.”  ( Sahih Bukhari , Vol 2, Book 24, No. 490)

41. Social Benefit of Zakat a. Closeness to Allah ( SWT) Giving zakat is one of the things that Allah loves. When someone gives zakat , it brings him closer to Allah spiritually. This motivates Muslims to give as much as they can to seek Allah`s love and proximity. Abu Hurairah narrated that the Prophet said: “When you pay the Zakat you have fulfilled what is required of you.” (Al- Tirmidhi , Chapter 7, No. 618)

42. Cont’d. b. Purification of Wealth and Soul “ Zakat purifies one’s wealth” ( Sahih Bukhari ) Zakat is the purifier that instructs Muslims to give and spend selflessly. It frees their souls from the love of wealth and slavery to material gains and acquisitions. When it is paid out of obedience to the will of Allah, Zakat becomes a means of purifying the soul of a Muslim from greed and miserliness/ greediness Prophet (PBUH) mentioned , “Allah says, ‘Spend, O son of Adam, and I shall spend on you. The right hand of Allah is full and overflowing and in nothing would diminish it, by overspending day and night”  ( Sahih Muslim, Book 5, 2178)

43. Cont’d. c. Removes Sins Zakat is a spiritual connection to Allah. Zakat keeps one away from sins and protects the giver from moral illness . It will also protect Muslims on the Day of Judgment from hellfire. The Prophet (PBUH) said: “Giving charity wipes away sins just as water extinguishes fire.”

44. Cont’d . d. Spiritual Growth: Paying Zakat is a form of worship that purifies one's wealth and soul . It fosters a sense of gratitude, humility, and obedience to God's commandments, promoting spiritual growth and closeness to the divine.

45. 5. Hajj

46. 5. Hajj The Hajj makes Muslims feel the real importance of life here on earth, and the afterlife , by stripping away all markers of social status, wealth, and pride. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said: “One who comes to this House for Hajj and avoids all lewdness and sins, he returns as he was on the day his mother gave birth to him .” ( Bukhari & Muslim ).  It is financially and physically demanding journey that Muslims believe offers a chance to wipe out past sins and start anew life.

47. Purpose and Benefits The aims and purposes of Hajj are great and these are mentioned below: 1. A sense of connection with the Prophets (peace be upon them) from our father Ibrahim who built the House, to our Prophet Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and his respect for the sanctity of Makkah . When the pilgrim visits the sacred places and performs the rituals, he remembers the visits of those pure prophets to this sacred place.

48. Cont’d. 2. The whiteness and cleanness of the pilgrims’ clothes is a sign of inward purity, cleanness of heart and the purity of the message and the method. This means putting aside all adornment and showing humility, and it is a reminder of death when the deceased is shrouded in similar cloths. So it is as if he is preparing to meet Allah.  3. The Ihram confirms the unity of Ummah as no one passes it without wearing ihram because it is a command from Allah. This confirms the following one system with no differentiation or exemptions with regard to the definition of the miqats .   “People come from Adam, and Adam came from dust. No Arab is superior to a non-Arab and no white man is superior to a black man, except in terms of piety ( taqwa ).”

49. Cont’d. 4. Hajj is the symbol of Tawhid from the first moment the pilgrim enters ihram. Jabir ibn ‘ Abd -Allah said, describing the Hajj of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): “Then he started to say the words of Tawhid : “Here I am, O Allah, here I am. Here I am, You have no partner, here I am. Verily all praise and blessings are Yours, and all sovereignty, You have no partner.” (Narrated by Muslim, 2137 5. Hajj is a reminder of the Hereafter when all the people come together in one place in ‘ Arafah and elsewhere, with no differentiation between them. All of them are equal in this place and no one is better than anyone else.  6. Training the rich to give up their distinct clothing and accommodation and making them equal with the poor in clothing and in the rituals of tawaf , sa’i and stoning the jamarat . This teaches them to be humble and to realize the insignificance of this worldly life. 

50. Cont’d. 7. Training oneself to spend in charitable ways and to avoid miserliness. The pilgrim spends a great deal of money for the sake of Hajj, on travel expenses, on the road and in the sacred places. 8. Getting to know the situation of the Muslims from trustworthy sources, since the Muslim can hear directly from his brother about the situation of his Muslim brothers in the land from which he has come.   9. Terrifying the disbelievers and followers of misguidance with this huge gathering of Muslims. Even though they are scattered and different, the simple fact that they come together despite those differences at a certain time and in a certain place is indicative of their potential to unite at other times and in other places. 10. Meeting scholars and decision makers from all countries and studying the situation and needs of the Muslims, and the importance of cooperating with them.