vaccination schedule.pptx shedule FOR FMD

𝙁𝙤𝙤𝙩-𝙖𝙣𝙙-𝙈𝙤𝙪𝙩𝙝 𝘿𝙞𝙨𝙚𝙖𝙨𝙚 (𝙁𝙈𝘿)

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a severe, highly contagious viral disease of cattle and swine. It also affects sheep, goats, deer, and other cloven-hooved ruminants. FMD is not recognised as a zoonotic disease.

The disease spreads very quickly if not controlled and because of this is a reportable disease.

#Cause

The disease is caused by a virus of which there are seven ‘types’, each producing the same symptoms, and distinguishable only in the laboratory.

Immunity to one type does not protect an animal against other types.

The interval between exposure to infection and the appearance of symptoms varies between twenty-four hours and ten days, or even longer. The average time, under natural conditions, is three to six days.

The virus survives in lymph nodes and bone marrow at neutral pH, but is destroyed in muscle when pH is less than 6.0, i.e., after rigor mortis. The virus can persist in contaminated fodder and the environment for up to one month, depending on the temperature and pH conditions.

Airborne spread of the disease can take place and under favourable weather conditions the disease may be spread considerable distances by this route.

Animals pick up the virus either by direct contact with an infected animal or by contact with foodstuffs or other things which have been contaminated by such an animal, or by eating or coming into contact with some part of an infected carcase.

Outbreaks have been linked with the importation of infected meat and meat products.

The disease can also be spread by people, vehicles and other objects that have been contaminated by the virus.

#Symptoms
Fever
Bilsters in the mouth and on feet
Drop in milk production
Weight lossLoss of appetite
Quivering lips and frothing of mouth
Cows may develop blisters on teats
LamenessTreatment

Treatment is not given. Affected animals will recover. However because of the loss of production and the infectious state of the disease, infected animals are usually culled.

#Prevention

FMD is one of the most difficult animal infections to control. Because the disease occurs in many parts of the world, there is always a chance of its accidental introduction into an unaffected country.

Export restrictions are often imposed on countries with known outbreaks.

FMD outbreaks are usually controlled by quarantines and movement restrictions, euthanasia of affected and in-contact animals, and cleansing and disinfection of affected premises, equipment and vehicles.

Infected carcasses must be disposed of safely by incineration, rendering, burial or other techniques. Milk from infected cows can be inactivated by heating to 100°C (212°F) for more than 20 minutes. Slurry can be heated to 67°C (153°F) for three minutes.

Rodents and other vectors may be killed to prevent them from mechanically disseminating the virus.

Good biosecurity measures should be practiced on uninfected farms to prevent entry of the virus.

1. Vaccination schedule for domestic animals

2. S.No . Name of Disease Time Table Primary vaccination Regular Vaccination 1. Anthrax At the age of 6 month for kid or lamb Once Annually (In Affected area only) 2. Haemorrhagic Septicemia (H.S.) At the age of 6 month for kid or lamb Once Annually Before monsoon 3. Enterotoxaemia At the age of 4 month for kid or lamb (If dam is vaccinated) At the age of 1st week for kid or lamb(If dam is not vaccinated) Before monsoon (Preferably in May). Booster vaccination after 15 days of first vaccination. 4. Black Quarter (B.Q) At the age of 6 month for kid or lamb Once Annually (Before monsoon) 5. P.P.R. At the age of 3 month for kid or lamb & above Once in three years 6. Foot & mouth disease (F.M.D.) At the age of 4 month for kid or lamb & above Twice in a year (September & March) 7.. Goat Pox At the age of 3 month & above for Kid Once Annually (December month) 8. C.C.P.P At the age of 3 month & above for Kid or lamb Once Annually (January month) Vaccination schedule for goats

3. S.No . Name of Disease Time Table Primary vaccination Dose Regular Vaccination 1. Lamb dysentery At the age of 6 month for kid or lamb 2 ml S/c Once Annually (In Affected area only) 2. Sheep pox At the age of 3 month & above for Kid Lamb - 3 ml S/c Adult – 5ml S/c Repeat at 6 months Repeat Annually Vaccination schedule for sheep *for other vaccines same as that of goat

4. Sl. No Name of Disease Age at first dose Booster dose Subsequent dose 1 Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) 4 months and  above 1 month after first dose Six monthly 2 Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (HS) 6 months and  above - Annually in endemic areas. 3 Black Quarter (BQ) 6 months and  above - Annually in endemic areas. 4 Brucellosis 4-8 months of age (Only female calves) - Once in a lifetime 5 Theileriosis 3 months of age and above - Once in a lifetime. Only required for crossbred and exotic cattle. 6 Anthrax 4 months and  above - Annually in endemic areas. 7 IBR 3 months and  above 1 month after first dose Six monthly (vaccine presently not produced in India) 8 Rabies (Post bite therapy only) Immediately after suspected bite. 3rd day 7,14,28 and 90 (optional) days after  first  dose. Vaccination schedule for cattle and buffalo

5. Vaccination schedule for dogs

6. The Core Vaccinations Rabies.   This is a potentially fatal and highly contagious disease. Humans can catch it from dogs, so it’s a legal requirement for dogs to have an up-to-date rabies vaccination. Depending on which state (or country) you live in, your dog will need to have a booster once every one to three years Parvovirus .  This common virus is hard to treat and has an 80 percent fatality rate, so inoculating against it is important Hepatitis.   Canine viral hepatitis is also known as adenovirus. Although it’s different from human hepatitis and can’t be passed to people, it’s still very serious. Canine distemper .  Before vaccination, this was a big killer of dogs. Now it’s only commonly found in the wild and in pet stores. Vaccinating against this disease will protect your puppy

7. The Non-Core Vaccinations Lyme disease.   Your dog can contract Lyme disease from tick bites, but it’s only a problem in particular areas. The vast majority of cases have occurred in the eastern American coastal states between Massachusetts and Virginia. Parainfluenza and Bordetella .   The parainfluenza virus and the bordetella bacterium are both major causes of kennel cough. Inoculation is generally only necessary if your puppy is going to be exposed to many other dogs. For instance, at boarding kennels, doggy daycare or dog shows. Coronavirus .  This infectious disease is a common cause of stomach upset. It’s highly contagious, but doesn’t have a large death rate, so not all vets recommend it.

8. Leptospirosis .  This bacteria can infect dogs and their human companions. Yes, that’s you! In serious cases it can cause organ failure and death in dogs. In certain high-risk parts of the country, your dog might need a booster every six months. Giardia  are parasites that commonly live in the digestive tracts of dogs. Many dogs have them, but they rarely cause problems. The vaccine doesn’t stop your dog being infected, but it does lower the risk of passing these parasites to other animals.

9. Measles.   This isn’t a vaccination that’s recommended often. It’s usually only given to puppies of between 4 and 10 weeks in high risk environments for distemper . Measles virus is very closely related to canine distemper virus . Dog doesn’t get measles and people don’t get distemper. Veterinarian have exploited the similarities in the virus to protect young dogs against distemper 4-6 weeks old puppies develop a strong immunity to the CD virus when vaccinated with a combined distemper and measles virus

10. Recommended and Most Common Schedule of Vaccinations 6 to 7 weeks old :  This is when your puppy should get his first combination injection 9 weeks old :  At this age, your puppy will probably be in your care. He needs his second combination vaccine. Make sure you have a record of his first injection to show your new vet 12 weeks old :  At 12 weeks your puppy will get his third combination injection. If necessary, he will also have a Lyme disease vaccine 12 to 16 weeks old :  Depending on state laws, your puppy is required to have a rabies vaccine somewhere between the ages of 12 and 16 weeks 16 weeks old:   Rabies vaccination just two weeks after first one

11. vaccination schedule for layer

12. vaccination schedule for broiler