Vaccine-for-Mastitis-in-Pakistan_033701.pdf

Vaccine Mastitis Pakistan

1. THE USE OF VACCINE FOR
MASTITIS CONTROL---A
CONTRIVANCE SUITED TO THE
CONTEXT OF DAIRYING
DR. IMAAD RASHID
LECTURER
DEPARTMENT OF
CLINICAL MEDICINE
AND SURGERY

2. IMPORTANCE OF
MASTITIS AND
CAUSATIVE
MICROORGANIM
INVOLVED
University of Agriculture Faisalabad – uaf 2
Every cow or buffalo develops mastitis
before she dies.
Field surveys of major livestock diseases in
Pakistan……… mastitis is one of the most
important health problems of dairy animals.
Nearly 20% of cows and buffaloes at any
given time have mastitis.
Mastitis……Probably the most important
cause of poor milk quality in Pakistan

3. IMPORTANCE OF MASTITIS AND
CAUSATIVE MICROORGANIM
INVOLVED
•In Pakistan ….. .mastitis …. economically the
most important disease of dairy animals.
•A wide variety ….. microorganisms ….. bacteria,
fungi, yeasts have reportedly been associated
with this disease.
•However, bacteria are by far the most frequently
isolated infectious agents
•Over the past 5 decades, the bacterium
Staphylococcus aureus is the most predominant
etiologic agent of mastitis in dairy buffaloes and
cows
•Most problematic and significant pathogen
owing to poor cure rates.
•Ability to develop resistance to antibiotics
University of Agriculture Faisalabad – uaf 3

4. Bacterial Biofilm and
its Importance
Several soluble and cellular virulence
factors involved in the pathogenesis of
S. aureus (e.g. protein A, clumping
factors, pseudocapsule, fiberonectin-
binding protein, toxins, biofilm etc.)
These need to be incorporated in a
mastitis vaccine for its field application
Of these virulence traits, biofilm
production trait is undoubtedly of great
pre-eminence.
4

5. Role of Biofilm in
Mastitis Immunization
University of Agriculture Faisalabad – uaf
There is increasing evidence that S.
aureus can form biofilm in the udder of
the cows affected with mastitis.
Biofilms impair the action of host
immune systems.
It also foil the action of antimicrobial
agents thus leading to persistence of the
infection.
5

6. Biofilm Production and
Resistance to Antibiotics
Biofilm associated bacteria display an innate resistance to antibiotics,
disinfectants and clearance by host defence mechanisms.
Evidence from in vitro experiments has indicated that bacteria growing in a
biofilm are 10-1000 times more resistant to antimicrobial agents.
Biofilm structures may potentially facilitate attachment of this bacterium to
the mammary gland epithelium.
Vaccines from strong biofilm producing bacteria triggered the highest
production of antibodies to poly-N-acetyl β-1, 6 glucosamine (PNAG) and
conferred the highest protection against mastitis in an immunization.
University of Agriculture Faisalabad – uaf 6

7. Biofilm based mastitis
vaccine---a new genre
of effective mastitis
vaccines
•Against this backdrop of significance of biofilm in
mastitis immunization, mastitis vaccine
incorporating strong biofilm producing S.aureus
isolate was prepared and investigated in rabbits,
cows and buffaloes in the Department of Clinical
Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary
Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad.

•It was found that vaccine affected a significantly
cure (89.9%) as well as protection (100%) against S.
aureus intramammary infection over the period of
1.5 months

•Owing to these results, an MoU was signed by UM
Enterprises Karachi with University of Agriculture,
Faisalabad for transfer of mastitis vaccine
production technology.
7

8. Commercially
Available Mastitis
Vaccine
•Now this vaccine is commercially
available in Pakistan under the brand
name of MASTIPEP™.
•This is Pakistan’s 1
st
pentavalent
comprised:
1. Staphylococcus aureus; strong biofilm
producing,
2. Staphylococcus aureus; highly
virulent
3. Escherichia coli
4. Streptococcus agalactiae
5. Corynebacterium pyogenes
University of Agriculture Faisalabad – uaf 8

9. Importance of
vaccination in
mastitis
control
University of Agriculture Faisalabad – uaf 9
Post milking teat dipping and dry period
antibiotic intramammary therapy are the most
important components of mastitis control
strategy in countries.
Pakistani farmers are un-educated and non-
progressive and find it nonchalant to adopt these
practices.
Therefore, standard mastitis control practices in
Pakistan are difficult to put into practice.
Dry period antibiotic therapy is not being
practiced even on the organized dairy farms in
Pakistan.
Against this backdrop, the contrivance of
vaccination holds the promise of a suitable
alternative/adjunct mastitis control
strategy.

10. University of Agriculture Faisalabad – uaf 10