Vaginal prolapse in dog

The vaginal prolapse in the dog containing an introduction, causes, clinical sign, symptoms, prolapse type, diagnosis, and treatment.

1. Welcome Bhuwan Raj Bhatta B.V.Sc & A.H 8 th sem. T.U, IAAS, Nepal 01/07/2017 1

2. Vaginal Prolapse in Dog 01/07/2017 2

3. Introduction Vaginal prolapse refers to the large mass tissue, which protrudes from the vulva. Occur in almost all animals; cow, dog, sheep, goat. Dogs are more prone occur in non-spayed dogs. Occurs in all aged of groups of dogs, which are reproductively functional. 01/07/2017 3

4. Canine vaginal prolapse usually occurs right before or during the dog's heat cycle . Occasionally, the prolapse continues throughout pregnancy or reoccurs at parturition.  T he prolapsed tissue promotes further straining which in turn increases the amount of prolapsed tissue . Normally the prolapse or hyperplasia resolves at the end of the season when the ovarian production of oestrogen elapse. 01/07/2017 4

5. Causes: Primary cause by oestrogen stimulation: In case of oestrogen sensitivity (during a shorter period of time), there may be significant swelling of the vaginal mucosa, such that it protrudes from the vulva appearing as a pink "doughnut- shaped" or "teardrop shaped" mass. Secondary by Vaginal hyperplasia: In vaginal hyperplasia, a proliferation of the vaginal mucosa, usually originating from the floor of the vagina anterior to the urethral orifice, occurs during pro-oestrus and oestrus as a result of estrogenic stimulation. 01/07/2017 5

6. Genetic and Breed: Labrador Retriever English Bulldog German Shepherd Mastiff Boxers Springer Spaniels Weimaraners Saint Bernards Walker Hounds and Airedale Terriers 01/07/2017 6

7. 01/07/2017 7 Clinical Sign and Symptoms: Urination problems (kidney stones, kidney failure) Chronic constipation Recent difficult labor Interruption of mating process Obstruction in ano -rectal route Interrupting a pair of dogs while they are mating can contribute to vaginal prolapse, if the male dog is forced to remove himself from the female before mating is complete.

8. T ypes: Three stages of mass protrusion Stage 1: H yperplasia occurs when there is a slight protrusion, even though it does not exit the vulva itself . Stage2: H yperplasia , on the other hand, is when the vaginal tissue actually protrudes through the vulvar opening . Stage 3: H yperplasia refers to the donut-shaped mass, which can be seen externally.   01/07/2017 8

9. Symptoms of Mass Protrusion From the Vaginal Area in Dogs Stage I: Trouble with urination Excessive licking in the genital area Whining when urinating Refusal to mate Pain in genital area Slight discharge 01/07/2017 9

10. Stage II: Protrusion from genital area Difficulty urinating Scratching and licking in the genital area Red and inflamed genital area Refusing to mate Pain in the genital area Vaginal discharge 01/07/2017 10

11. Stage III : Large, protruding mass in the genital area Difficulty walking Refusal to mate Extreme pain in the genital area Excessive scratching and licking the genital area Inability to sit Difficult urination Vaginal discharge 01/07/2017 11

12. Diagnosis: Upon physical examination, a round mass may be noticed protruding the animal's vulvar area. A vaginal examination will be performed to determine the severity and type of the condition. To the touch, the animal's tissue may feel dry . The timing of the problem (during pre-oestrus or oestrus ), and the typical appearance of the mass upon physical examination, will usually be sufficient for diagnosis.  01/07/2017 12

13. Treatment: There is usually no treatment necessary for stage I unless dog is having difficulty urinating. Put an Elizabethan collar on dog to stop her from licking herself. If dog has stage II vaginal prolapse , manually push the mass back into place. If the protrusion does not stay in place, may decide to put a couple stitches in to keep it from recurring. A ntibiotics , hormone treatments . Dog will have to be spayed right away to treat stage III vaginal prolapse to prevent infection and self-mutilation of the vaginal area due to licking and itching. Ovariohysterectomy, the treatment of choice, permanently corrects this condition by removing the gonadal source of oestrogen , thus preventing recurrence. 01/07/2017 13

14. References: High Street Epping Veterinary Clinic, Always have your pets' best interests at heart, Vaginal Prolapse/hyperplasia www.highstreeteppingvetclinic.com/vaginal-prolapsehyperplasia.pml Mushtaq A. Memon , (2016), MSD MANUAL , Veterinary Manual, Vaginal Hyperplasia in Small Animals (Vaginal Prolapse ) www.msdvetmanual.com/reproductive-system/reproductive-diseases-of-the-female-small-animal/vaginal-hyperplasia in-small-animals NHAH, (2014), Newport Harbor Animal Hospital, What is estrogen (canine ) www.newportharborvets.com/services/dogs/blog/what_is_canine_estrogen VET AUTHORED,VET APPROVED, Mass Protrusion from the Vaginal Area in Dogs www.petmd.com/dog/conditions/reproductive/c_multi_vaginal_hyperplasia_and_prolapse Vetary, Mass Protrusion From the Vaginal Area in dog www.vetary.com/dog/condition/mass-protrusion-from-the-vaginal-area Vetary, Vaginal Prolapse in Dogs www.vetary.com/dog/condition/vaginal-prolapse Vet info, (2012), Vaginal Prolapse in Dogs www.vetinfo.com/vaginal-prolapse-in-dogs.html 01/07/2017 14

15. THANK YOU 01/07/2017 15