Varicose_Veins_Presentation and how to identify the varicose veins

Introduction of varicose veins

1. Varicose Veins
Presented by: Group of 11 Members
1st-Year MBBS, RIMS Ranchi

2. Case Scenario

•Patient: 45-year-old female presenting with leg pain and visible dilated
veins.
•Symptoms: Pain worsens with prolonged standing, heaviness, and
occasional itching.
•Clinical Finding: Tortuous, bluish veins on the medial aspect of the leg.

(Insert Image Here)

3. Introduction

•Definition: Varicose veins are abnormally dilated, tortuous veins due to
valve incompetence.
•Epidemiology: Common in adults, especially women. Risk factors include
prolonged standing, obesity, pregnancy, and family history.

(Insert Image Here)

4. Brief Anatomy

•Venous System of Lower Limb:
•- Superficial veins (great and small saphenous veins)
•- Deep veins (femoral, popliteal)
•- Perforator veins connect superficial to deep system.
•Valves prevent blood backflow; incompetence leads to varicosity.

(Insert Image Here)

5. Signs and Symptoms

•Common Symptoms:
•- Visible, twisted veins
•- Aching, heaviness, and throbbing sensation
•- Swelling and skin discoloration
•- Itching or eczema over veins
•Complications:
•- Venous ulcers
•- Thrombophlebitis
•- Bleeding

(Insert Image Here)

6. Anatomical Basis

•Valve Incompetence → Blood Reflux → Venous Hypertension
•Vein Dilation → Visible Varicose Veins
•Venous Stasis → Edema and Skin Changes
•Chronic Venous Hypertension → Ulcers and Pain

(Insert Image Here)

7. Investigations

•Clinical Examination: Inspection and palpation of veins
•Doppler Ultrasound: Gold standard for venous reflux assessment
•Venography: Rarely used, reserved for complex cases.

(Insert Image Here)

8. Treatment

•Conservative:
•- Lifestyle changes: Weight reduction, leg elevation, and avoiding
prolonged standing
•- Compression stockings
•Surgical:
•- Sclerotherapy
•- Endovenous laser treatment (EVLT)
•- Vein stripping and ligation

(Insert Image Here)

9. References

•1. Clinical Anatomy by Richard S. Snell
•2. Gray’s Anatomy for Students
•3. Relevant journal articles and case studies.

(Insert Image Here)

10. Discussion & Anatomical Justification

•Open floor for questions and discussion.
•Recap how anatomy plays a critical role in understanding varicose veins.
•Discuss possible complications if left untreated.

(Insert Image Here)

11. Group Member Allocation

•1. Introduction - Member 1
•2. Case Scenario - Member 2
•3. Brief Anatomy - Member 3
•4. Signs and Symptoms - Member 4
•5. Anatomical Basis - Member 5
•6. Investigations - Member 6
•7. Treatment - Member 7
•8. References - Member 8
•9. Discussion and Anatomical Justification - Member 9