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Post lab discussion
http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/Webb/BOT201/BOT201/201‐98Theme.htm#Plantae:%20Pterophyta
ƒVascular plants that do not produce seeds
ƒSpores only
ƒVascular tissues: tracheids and sieve cells
ƒDescription of Vascular Tissues which
develop from Procambium
hiiidhdd iƒEverything inside the Endodermis
ƒProto means first.
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ƒhas a pith in the center
ƒdivided Amphiphloic Siphonostele
ƒConcentric vascular bundles with an
Endodermissurrounding the bundle
Leaf gap
ƒsimilar to the dictyostele but the bundles
lack an endodermis and are collateral or
bicollateral (open type)
perforations
ƒcollateral
bundles (closed
type) distributed
in more that one
ring within the
Stem
ƒno Endodermis
ƒDivision Psilotophyta
ƒDivision Lycophyta –Selaginella and
dLycopodium
ƒDivision Pterophyta– ferns
ƒDivision Sphenophyta– horsetails or
Equisetum
ƒerect stems as well as Stolons and
Rhizomes
ƒcan be e
piphyticpp y
ƒhave Microphylls (leaves) and Roots
ƒBranching is Dichotomous for both organs
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ƒTrabeculae
‐cells of the endodermis
‐highly elongated and span an air space
ƒRhizomatous,
stolon
ƒRoots are dadventitious
ƒMegaphyll
ƒpredominate
organizational
pattern for fern
leaves is Pinnate.
ƒproduced complex stelarorganization in
some ferns
f hdi d lhilƒLeafy stemshave dissected steles while
Rhizomes(produce few or no leaves) have
relatively undissected steles.
No leaf gap with leaf gap starting
to form
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cortex
endodermis
xylem
phloem
ƒAerial Stems &
Rhizomes
ƒGrooved JointedƒGrooved, Jointed
ƒMicrophyll, Whorled
Arrangement
Leaves are fused and form a
sheath around the stem at each
node.
The number of tips signifies the
number of leaves.
Hollow canals‐
Cells Destroyed by
Elongation
Central canal
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•Thick Walls
•Cutenized
•Rough Surface =
Silicon
•(Nick name =
Scouring Rush)
ƒSclerenchyma
(Ridges)
ƒCortical
(Vallecular) Canals
ƒCollenchyma
Chlorenchyma
ƒOpposite the
ridges
Sl lƒStele: eustele
ƒcaused by the
destruction of
Protoxylem during
lElongation
ƒMay serve for
conduction but not
efficient
ƒEndarch
ƒTracheids, in some
vessels
lƒSieve elements
metaxylem
protoxylem