Vertebrates

1. VERTEBRATES

2. VERTEBRATES
FISH AMPHIBIANS
REPTILES BIRDS
MAMMALS

3. 1. FISH
•Fish are aquatic vertebrates that can live in salt
water and fresh water.
•They have fins.
•The body is covered by scales.
•They breathe through gills.
•They have swim bladder. It’s a sac of gas to stay
afloat.
•TYPES OF FISH:
–Bony fish: They have a bony skeleton. Ex: Sardine, tuna,
hake.
–Cartilaginous fish: They have a cartilaginous skeleton.
Ex: Sharks, rays and manta rays.

4. PARTS OF A BONY FISH

6. 2. AMPHIBIANS
•Amphibians are vertebrates capable of living in terrestrial and
humid environments.
•They usually have four limbs.
•They often have webbed feet.
•They are ectotherms.
•They breathe through lungs, gills and skin.
TYPES OF AMPHIBIANS:
•Anura: They don’t have a tail. Ex: Frog, toad.
•Urodela: They have a tail. Ex: Salamander, newt.

7. 3. REPTILES
•Reptiles are vertebrates animals which live on land, but some
live in water.
•They always have a tail.
•They have four limbs. (except snakes)
•The skin is covered by scales.
•They breathe through lungs.
•They are cold-blooded.
•TYPES OF REPTILES
•Turtles: They have aq shell.
•Lizards: Ex: Iguanas, Chameleons
•Snakes: They don’t have legs. They can be are poisonous.
•Crocodiles: They are the biggest reptiles.

9. 4. BIRDS
•Birdsare flyingvertebrates. Theycan liveonthegroundoron
water.
•Theyhavetwolimbscalledwings.
•Theyhavehollowand light bones.
•Theyhavea corneusbeak.
•Thebodyiscoveredwithfeathers.
•Thelungshavesomeextensionscalledair sacs. Theair sacs
helpthemto flyand breathe.
•Theyare endothermic.
TYPES OF BIRDS
Perchingbirds, fowl, runningbirds, swimmingbirds, wading
birdsand birdsof prey.

11. 5. MAMMALS
•Theyhavefourlimbsadaptedto fly,swim,run…
•Theskin iscoveredbyhairorfur.
•Mostof themare viviparous.
•Theyare endothermal.
•Theybreathethroughlungs.
•Femalesfeedtheirbabiesthroughtheirmammaryglands.
TYPES OF MAMMALS
•Monotremes: Theyare oviparous. Ex: platypus, echidna.
•Marsupials: Thebabiesdevelopinsidethemarsupium. Ex:
kangaroo, koala bear.
•Placentalmammals: Theembryodevelopsin themother’s
uterus. Ex: cat, dog, human being.

13. VERTEBRATES
FISH AMPHIBIANS
REPTILES BIRDS MAMMALS
BONY
CARTILAGINOUS
WITH TAILS
WITHOUT
TAILS
TURTLES
LIZARDS
SNAKES
CROCODILES
PERCHING
FOWL
UNGULATES
CARNIVORES
CETACEANS
SWIMMING
RUNNERS
BIRDS OF
PREY
WADING
PRIMATES