Vesicular stomatitis

disease of animal

1. VESICULAR STOMATITIS AUTHOR: DR. IHTISHAM UL HAQ

2. VESICULAR STOMATITIS

3. VESICULAR STOMATITIS It is a disease in which vesicle formation and inflammation of mucus membrane of oral cavity occurs Vesicles means small elevated circumscribe area having serous fluid While pustule have pus and elevated circumscribed area

4. ETIOLOGY It is a viral disease caused by VS virus belongs to genus vesicular virus, family Rabdoviridae. It is a bullet shape and RNA virus The virus is susceptible to environmental influences It is a fragile virus. Common antiseptics can be used i.e povidone iodine,KMNO4 etc to kill the virus.

5. EPIDEMOLOGY WHO: It is important disease of Horses & Cattles.It can also affect Camel,Pig,Human,Sheep & Goat. WHERE: Disease is limited to western hemisphere, It is pandemic in Mexico,Panama,USA ,venzuella & Brazil.

6. Cont … WHEN: Disease occurs in summer & autumn. TRANSMISSION: Mainly occurs through insects i.e Blck flies & sand fly (biological vectors). Mechanically disease can be transmitted through direct contact or close indirect contact. Mortality: Nil in horses, 5% in cattle. Morbidity: 10-20%.

7. PATHOGENESIS Entry of the virus to body---  through blood virus disseminate to different organs/tissues but predilection site include mucosal membrane of oral cavity, skin at interdigital cleft& skin of teat--- virus replicates there forming vesicles------  vesicles ruptures forming ulcers-----  ulcers recovers within 10days if no secondary bacterial infection is there-----  clinical signs appears

8. CLINICAL FINDINGS Fever{mild} Vesicles in mouth,tounge, lips, dental pad Ulcer in feet and teat Salivation Lesions in teats may lead to secondary mastitis Anorexia

9. DIAGNOSIS

10. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS FMD: DIFFERENTIAL POINTS: In case of FMD high fever while in VS mild fever is there FMD effects only cloven hooved animals while in case of VS equines are also effected Incase of FMD morbidly and mortality rate is higher while low in VS

11. Abortion also occurs in FMD In FMD young animals are more fatel . BVD: DIFFERENTIAL POINTS: It involves GIT, so there will be diarrhea, abortion, early embryonic mortality, congenital malformation while BVD only effects bovine

12. CONT… MCF: DIFFERENTIAL POINTS: In FMD there is swelling of lymph nodes while no swelling of LN in MCF MCF cause corneal opacity while no corneal opacity in VS

13. COW POX DIFFERENTIAL POINTS: Scabby lesions in pox while in VS ulcerative lesions are present BLUE TONGUE DIFFERENTIAL POINTS: Diarrhea Cynotic tongue in BT

14. RINDERPEST: DIFFERENTIAL POINTS: Necrotic stomatitis in rinderpest while in VS the lesions are vesicular. Shooting diarrhea in rinderpest PPR: DIFFERENTIAL POINTS: Necrotic stomatitis in PPR

15. Diarrhea in PPR Pneumonia in PPR while no pneumonia in VS ORF DIFFERENTIAL POINTS: Scabby lesions in orf Lesions are proliferative

16. TREATMENT Since it is viral infection so no specific treatment is given, supportive therapy is given to control infection; Broad spectrum antibiotics {amoxicllin,ampicillin, gentamycin, oxytetracycline , enrofloxacin etc} NSAIDS { Flunixin meglumin } This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC

17. FLUID therapy Ringer lectate Topical antiseptics KMno4 multivitamins

18. PREVENTION Control of insects by use of insecticides like; Nagavan , sagavan , tegafon Use of ivermectin , cypermethrin Qurantine measures Vaccination not effective Isolation of sick animals Maintain hygienic and control condition.