Vibrio cholerae PPT for students

Cholera is a serious bacterial disease that usually
causes severe diarrhea and dehydration. The disease is typically spread through contaminated water.
Modern sewage and water treatment have effectively eliminated cholera in most countries. It’s still a problem in countries like Asia, America and Africa. Mostly in India.
Countries affected by war, poverty, and natural disasters have the greatest risk for a cholera outbreak.
Taxonomy:
class : Gamma Proteobacteria
Order: Vibrionales
Family: Vibrionaceae
Genus: Vibrio
Species: v.cholerae, v.parahaemolyticus,
v. vulnificus, v. alginolyticus
MORPHOLOGY:
Gram negative, actively motile, short, rigid curved bacilli
Resembling letter “V”
about 34 genus
most common in water
1.5µ X 0.2 -0.4 µ in size
polar flagellum , strongly aerobic
Smear – fish in stream appearance
PATHOGENESIS:
Source: Ingestion of contaminated water, food,
fruits and vegetables etc.,
Incubation periods: 1-5 days
Symptoms: Watery diarrhoea, vomiting, thirst, dehydration, muscle cramps
Complications: muscular pain, renal failure, pulmonary edema, cardiac arrhythrnias

DIAGNOSIS:
Specimen: stool sample, water sample(envt)
Microscopy: a) Hanging drop : +ve
b) Gram stain :-ve
Culture: Mac conkey Agar :colourless to light pink
TCBS : yellow colonies
Serology: serological tests are no diagnostic value
TREATMENT:
Adequate replacement of fluids and electrolytes.
Oral tetracycline reduces the period of vibrio excreation.
PREVENTION:
Drink and use bottled water
Frequent washing
Sanitary environment
Defecate in water
Cook food thoroughly

1. Vibrio cholerae T.SATHYA, II MSC MICROBIOLOGY.

2. Vibrio cholera Cholera is a serious bacterial disease that usually causes severe diarrhea and dehydration . The disease is typically spread through contaminated water. Modern sewage and water treatment have effectively eliminated cholera in most countries. It’s still a problem in countries like Asia, America and Africa. Mostly in India. Countries affected by war, poverty, and natural disasters have the greatest risk for a cholera outbreak.

3. TAXONOMY : class : Gamma Proteobacteria Order: Vibrionales Family: Vibrionaceae Genus: Vibrio Species: v.cholerae , v.parahaemolyticus , v. vulnificus , v. alginolyticus

4. MORPHOLOGY: Gram negative, actively motile, short, rigid curved bacilli Resembling letter “V” about 34 genus most common in water 1.5µ X 0.2 -0.4 µ in size polar flagellum , strongly aerobic Smear – fish in stream appearance ( koch )

5. Culture media:

6. Biochemical test:

7. Modes of transmission:

8. Pathogenesis: Source: Ingestion of contaminated water, food, fruits and vegetables etc., Incubation periods: 1-5 days Symptoms: Watery diarrhoea , vomiting, thirst, dehydration, muscle cramps Complications: muscular pain, renal failure, pulmonary edema, cardiac arrhythrnias

9. Diagnosis: Specimen: stool sample, water sample( envt ) Microscopy: a) Hanging drop : + ve b) Gram stain :- ve Culture: Mac conkey Agar : colourless to light pink TCBS : yellow colonies Serology: serological tests are no diagnostic value

10. String Test: Used to identify V.cholerae colonies. Loopful of vibrio growth Drop of 0.5% Sodium Deoxycholate solution Substance become MUCOID

11. Cholera red reaction: Best identification test for V. Cholerae . Drops of Conc. Sulphuric acid + peptone culture allow for 24 hours RED colour

12. Treatment: Adequate replacement of fluids and electrolytes. Oral tetracycline reduces the period of vibrio excreation .

13. Prevention: Drink and use bottled water Frequent washing Sanitary environment Defecate in water Cook food thoroughly