Viral_Myocarditis_50_Slides_Presentation.pptx

Myocarditis

1. Title Slide Viral Myocarditis in Children Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

2. Introduction • Definition of myocarditis • Overview of causes and impact on children

3. Introduction - Why it Matters • Affects heart muscle • Can lead to severe complications

4. Introduction - Objectives • Understand causes • Recognize symptoms • Learn diagnostic methods • Review management options

5. Etiology Overview • Myocarditis has multiple causes

6. Viral Causes • Common viruses: Coxsackie B, Adenovirus, Parvovirus B19, CMV, HHV6

7. Bacterial & Fungal Causes • Bacterial: Lyme disease, Diphtheria • Fungal: Candida, Aspergillus

8. Autoimmune Causes • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) • Rheumatic fever

9. Toxins & Genetic Factors • Drugs, chemotherapy, heavy metals • Genetic predisposition

10. Incidence Overview • Myocarditis is rare in children

11. Incidence Data • 1-2 cases per 100,000 per year

12. Age & Risk Factors • Peaks in infancy & adolescence • More common in sudden cardiac deaths

13. Symptoms Overview • Myocarditis presents in many ways

14. Viral Prodrome • Fever, malaise, myalgia before cardiac symptoms

15. Respiratory & GI Symptoms • Tachypnea, retractions • Vomiting, abdominal pain

16. Heart Failure Symptoms • Dyspnea, exercise intolerance, hepatomegaly

17. Arrhythmias • Supraventricular & ventricular arrhythmias

18. Fulminant Myocarditis • Severe, sudden onset with shock & collapse

19. Diagnosis Approach • Combination of clinical, lab, and imaging findings

20. ECG Findings • ST-T changes, arrhythmias, low voltage QRS

21. Biomarkers • Elevated Troponin & BNP indicate cardiac damage

22. Imaging • Echocardiogram: LV dysfunction, pericardial effusion

23. MRI & Biopsy • MRI: Inflammation & fibrosis • Biopsy: Gold standard, but rarely used

24. Clinical vs. Confirmed Diagnosis • Many cases diagnosed clinically without biopsy

25. Differential Diagnosis • Other conditions can mimic myocarditis

26. Cardiac Causes • Cardiomyopathy, congenital defects, Kawasaki disease

27. Non-Cardiac Causes • Severe sepsis, pneumonia, asthma

28. Distinguishing Features • Myocarditis has viral prodrome, ECG & echo changes

29. Management Overview • Supportive care is key

30. Initial Stabilization • Oxygen, IV fluids, inotropes

31. Medications • Antivirals in select cases • Immunosuppressants for autoimmune cases

32. Mechanical Support • ECMO for severe cases • Ventilation if needed

33. Long-Term Care • Monitoring for heart function & arrhythmias

34. Treatment Goals • Restore heart function & prevent complications

35. Prognosis Overview • Varies by severity of disease

36. Recovery vs. Chronic Issues • Some recover fully, others develop cardiomyopathy

37. Mortality Risk • Fulminant myocarditis has high mortality

38. Summary • Viral myocarditis is rare but serious

39. Key Takeaways • Early recognition improves outcomes

40. Final Thoughts • Supportive care is crucial for survival

41. Additional Insights Further discussion on myocarditis management.

42. Additional Insights Further discussion on myocarditis management.

43. Additional Insights Further discussion on myocarditis management.

44. Additional Insights Further discussion on myocarditis management.

45. Additional Insights Further discussion on myocarditis management.

46. Additional Insights Further discussion on myocarditis management.

47. Additional Insights Further discussion on myocarditis management.

48. Additional Insights Further discussion on myocarditis management.

49. Additional Insights Further discussion on myocarditis management.

50. Additional Insights Further discussion on myocarditis management.