VIRUS DISEASES OF PIGEON PEA pigeonpea.pptx

VIRUS DISEASES OF PIGEON PEA

1. W E L C O M E

2. VIRUS DISEASES OF PIGEON PEA

3. INTRODUCTION Pigeonpea ( Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp .,) commonly known as Redgram , Tur , Arhar etc., is an erect and short-lived perennial shrub legume. India accounts for about 75 % of world production. Economically it is the second most important pulse crop after chickpea in India accounting for about 20 percent of total pulse production . Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Tamilnadu and Bihar are the major growing states

4. IMPORTANCE it improves the soil by its extensive root system and the nitrogen added up by root associated Rhizobium bacterium. it goes well with intercrops with no competition It is gaining popularity as tall hedges on dry soil and on the bunds of paddy fields serving as cover or wind barrier crop .

5. VIRUS DISEASES OF PIGEON PEA 1.Sterility Mosaic 2.Yellow Mosaic

6. 1.Sterility Mosaic Vector: Eriophyid mite ,, Aceria cajani Distribution: Bangladesh, India, Myanmar (Burma ),Nepal , and Sri Lanka . Economic importance: A serious problem in Nepal and India where it is estimated to cause annual pigeonpea grain losses worth US $ 282 million.

7. Eriophyid mite vector,. wind borne inoculum . Cajanus cajan and its wild relative C . scarabaeoides var. scarabaeoides wastelands and field bunds. Perennial and volunteer pigeonpeas , And the ratooned growth, Epidemiology: Secondary host:

8. Symptoms In the field, as patches of bushy, pale green plants without flowers or pods . The leaves of these plants are small and show a light and dark green mosaic pattern . The mosaic symptoms initially appear as vein-clearing on young leaves. Strains of sterility mosaic prevalent in the Indian state of Bihar and in Nepal cause severe internodal shortening of the branches and clustering of leaves. Sometimes these leaves become filiform .

9. Management Select a field well away from perennial or ratoon pigeonpeas • Destroy sources of sterility mosaic inoculum , i.e ., perennial or ratooned pigeonpeas • Uproot infected plants at an early stage of disease development and destroy them • Rotate crops to reduce sources of inoculum and mite vectors

10. Cont… Seed dressing with 25% Furadan 3 G® or 10% aldicarb @ 3 g kg/ seed In case of appearance of initial symptoms (break up of green colour ) in the field, look for mites. In case of presence of mites, spray the crop with either of the chemical insecticides e.g., dicofol 18.5 EC (2.5 ml/l) or oxydemeton methyl 25 EC (2.0 ml/l) or dimethoate 30 EC (1.7 ml/l).

11. 2.Yellow Mosaic Causal organism: Mung bean yellow mosaic virus Vector: White fly Bemisia tabaci Gennadius Distribution: India, Jamaica, Nepal, Puerto Rico, and Sri Lanka.

12. Symptoms Affected plants are conspicuous in the field , because of the green and golden yellow mosaic mottle symptoms on their leaves . Sometimes the affected parts of the leaves become necrotic. Diseased plants may produce fewer pods than normal, especially when infected early . Off-season and isolated sowings suffer more from the disease than does the main-season crop , because pigeonpea is not a preferred host of the white fly vectors;

13. Management Avoid sowing late to reduce diseas severity Uproot and burn infected plants if the disease appears on isolated plants in the field Spray insecticide ( metasystox @ 1 g L-1) to control the white fly.

14. T H A N K Y O U Rakesh kumar