Vital statistics related to mch care

Sujata Sahu
Msc Tutor

1. PRESENTED BY :- SUJATA SAHU VITAL STATISTICS RELATED TO MATERNAL HEALTH

2. INTRODUC T ION The process of maintaining vital statistics is a purposefull mechanism of collecting, processing, analyzing and transmitting the information required for organizing and operating health services and also for research and training .

3. DEFINIT I ON Vital statistics are conventionally numerical records of marriage , birth , sickness and death by which the health and growth of community may be studied. It is a branch of biometry that deals with data and law of human mortality , morbidity and demography.

4. PURPOSE To describe the level of community health , diagnose community illness and solution of health problems. To determine success or failure of specific health problems. To promote health legislation at local and national level. To develop policies and procedure at state and center level.

5. IMPORTANCE OF VITAL S T A TISTICS To evaluate impact of various national health prog. To plan for better future measures of disease control. To explain hereditary nature of disease. To evaluate economic and social development. It is primary tool of research activity.

6. POINTS OF VITAL S T A TISTICS Maternal mortality rate Maternal morbidity rate Perinatal mortality ,morbidity rate Neonatal mortality , morbidity rate Post neonatal mortality , morbidity rate Infant mortality ,morbidity rate 1-4 year child mortality ,morbidity rate Under 5 yr. mortality ,morbidity rate

7. M A TER N AL MORTALITY RATE T otal no. of female death due to complication of pregnancy or within 42 days of delivery from pu e rp e ral causes T otal no of live birth in same 100 year .

8. CAUSES OF MATERNAL MO R T ALITY C ateg ory obstetric Non obstetrics *Ab o r tion * P r e e c lamp s ia * E c lamp s ia * A PH *Postpartum hemorrhage Anaemia Cardiac disease Renal ,hepatic infectious & metabolic Malignancy accidents

9. Social factors Age Parity Malnutrition Illiteracy poverty Low Socio Economic Status Lack Of Maternity Services Shortage Of Health Man Power Delivery By Untrained Dais Poor communication and transport facilities

10. M A TER N AL MORBIDITY RATE IT is overarching term that refers to any physical or mental illness or disability directly related to pregnancy and or child birth is not necessary for life threatening Parameters of maternal morbidity Fever>100.4ºf or 38ºc BP>140/90mmhg Symptomatic bacteriuria of pregnancy Hb <10.5% Recurrent vaginal bleeding

11. M A TER N AL MORBIDITY RATE IT is overarching term that refers to any physical or mental illness or disability directly related to pregnancy and or child birth is not necessary for life threatening APH,PPH Eclampsia Obstructed labour Rupture of uterus Sepsis Ectopic pregnancy Anaemia Malaria Hepatitis TB Anaemia Direct Cause In Direct Cause U.V.F,V.V.F Dyspareunia Prolapse Secondry infertility Temporary Permanent

12. PREVENTIV E ME A SURES OF MATERNAL MORBIDITY & MORTALITY Early registration of pregnancy. At least 3 antenatal check ups . Dietary supplementation including correct anemia. Clean and aseptic delivery practices . Prevention of complications Eg . Preeclampsia and malpresentation , ruptured uterus. Prevention of infection and hemorrhage. Treatment of medical conditions.

13. CON T . * Institutional deliveries for womans . *Promotion of family planning. *Identification of every maternal death and search its cause .

14. PERINATAL MORTALITY Late fetal death (28 weeks of gestation ) Early neonate death (1 ST Week ) in year Live b i r t h in the same year 1000

15. Causes Of Perinatal Mor t ality ANTENA T AL INTRANAT A L POSTNATA L UNKNOWN M A T E R N A L DISEASE PELVIC DISEASE A N A T OM I C AL DEFECT MAL NUTRITION TOXEMIA OF PREGNANCY * BIRT H INJ U R Y ASPHYXIA P R O L ONGED LABOR OBSTETRIC COMPLICATI ON * PRE M A T U R ITY RES P IR A T O RY DISTRESS SYNDROM ME INFECTION ON RE S PI R A T O

16. MEASURES OF REDUCE PRENATAL MORTALITY Need to educate community about age of marriage. Adequate immunization ,prevention of HIV infection, avoidance of drug abuse. o Proper nutrition to mother. In antenatal period optimum care of mother and need to seek medical advice in emergency In intra natal period use aseptic techniques by skilled person ,safe delivery ,control infection and complications . Genetic counselling in early pregnancy in susceptible cases & termination of pregnancy accordingly .

17. NEONATAL MORTALITY RATE N o . of deaths of neonates under 28 days of age in year T otal live births in the same year CAUSES = Low birth weight Birth injury and difficult labor Congenital anomalies Hemolytic disease of newborn Prematurity Diarrhoeal disease 1 00

18. SEPSIS FETAL DISTRESS BIRTH ASPHYXIA AND TETANUS CONDITION OF PLACENTA AND CORD HEMOLYTIC DISEASE ARI Con t …

19. POST- NEONATAL MORTALITY RATE N o . of deaths of neonates between 28 days & 1 year in a given year of age in year T otal live births in the same year CAUSES diarrhoea Other Communicable disease Accidents Malnutrion Congenital anomalies 1 00

20. IN F ANT MOR T ALITY R A TE No. of death under 1 year of age Total live birth in same year 1000

21. FACTORS AFFECTING INFANT MORTALITY RATE There are three factors include ( 1)BIOLOGICAL FACTORS Birth weight Age of mother Birth spacing Multiple birth Family size High fertility

22. CO N T ….. ECONOMICAL FACTORS Statistics reveal that IMR are highest in the slum & lowest in richer residential localities SOCIO CULTUAL FACTORS Breast feeding Religion and caste Early marriage Sex of child Maternal education Quality of health care and mother care Broken families

23. PREVENTIVE MEASURE Perinatal nutrition Prevention of infection Breast feeding Growth monitoring Family planning Sanitation Provision of primary health care . Socio economic development .

24. No. of death of children aged 1- 4 year in a given year Nu of live birth in the same year 1000 UNDER 5 YEAR MORTALITY RATE

25. CAUSE S Communicable disease like Diarrhoea, Measles , Whooping, Cough, Diphtheria, ARI ,malnutrition . Accidents Congenital anomalies Malignant neoplasm Pneumonia , Death

26. PREVENTIVE MEASURES Pre natal nutrition and routine check ups . Prevention of infection and aseptic techniques . Breast feeding Family planning Sanitation PHC and immunization Socio economic development National health prog ramme

27. FERTILITY RATE General fertility rate = no. of live birth per 1000 women in the reproductive age group (15-49) in a given year . General marital fertility rate = N o . of live birth per 1000 married women in the reproductive age group (15 -49) in a given year .