Vitamin B3 deficiency

This is a presentation I presented during my pathobiology course in college. The presentation discusses vitamin B3 deficiency. in terms of background, nutrition, pathogenesis, and signs & symptoms.

1. Vitamin B3 Deficiency Emilio Solomon 5580132

2. Background Three forms, including niacin, NAD, + NADPH Water-soluble Convert carbohydrates to glucose Metabolize protein and fat Produce hormones Maintain cholesterol levels Improve circulation Can be synthesized in our bodies and obtained from food

3. Sources of Vitamin B3 Meat - chicken, veal, turkey, pork, beef and beef liver Fish - tuna, halibut, swordfish, and salmon Grains - cereals, baked goods Dairy - milk, cheese Fruits & Vegetables- broccoli, beets, corn, sweet potatoes, carrots, dates, tomatoes, peaches, and mangos Nuts & Legumes- legumes, nuts, and seeds including sunflower seeds, peanuts, almonds, and peanut butter Herbs - alfalfa, cayenne, chamomile, fennel seed, hops, licorice, parsley, peppermint, red clover, and rose hips

4. Epidemiology China, Africa, India Alcoholics Eating disorders Hartnup’s disease Carcinoid syndrome

5. Pellagra

6. Pathogenesis Eating disorders Malabsorption of nicotinic acid Hartnup disease Impaired transport of neutral amino acids in small intestines + proximal tubule of kidneys Pregnancy/Lactation Increased levels of xanthurenic acid Chronic alcoholism Production of free-radicals

7. Pathogenesis HIV-1 Lack of NAD Copper deficiency Conversion of tryptophan to niacin is inhibited Vitamin B2 + B6 Deficiency Conversion of tryptophan to niacin is inhibited Carcinoid syndrome Depletion of tryptophan Antituberculosis drugs Conversion of tryptophan to niacin is inhibited

8. Signs & Symptoms Mild Severe indigestion fatigue canker sores vomiting depression thick, scaly pigmented rash on skin exposed to sunlight swollen mouth and bright red tongue vomiting and diarrhea headache apathy fatigue depression disorientation memory loss

9. References http:// bestpractice.bmj.com/best-practice/monograph/634/basics/pathophysiology.html http:// www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/vitamins-minerals/4-signs-of-a-niacin-deficiency.html http:// umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/supplement/vitamin-b3-niacin http:// www.vitamin-mineral-info.com/vitamin-b3-niacin-daily-requirement-dietary-sources.php#sources http:// www.vitamin-mineral-info.com/vitamin-b3-niacin.php http:// www.webmd.com/diet/niacin-deficiency-symptoms-and-treatments