Voice Markers and Signal Phrases

How to integrate quotations.

1. Voice Markers and Signal Phrases

2. Voice Markers Demonstrate ownership of an idea Three types of voice markers Quotation marks: “” In-text citations: (Smith 28) Signal phrases: Mary Brown argues,

3. Common Signal Phrases X argues_____. Most historians will tell you that _____. My own view, however, is that _____. But X is wrong that _____. Indeed, it is highly likely that _____.

4. Integrating Quotations

5. Why Integrate? Death is not always something to fear. “[T]o the well-organized mind, death is but the next great adventure” (Rowling 297). Lack of context can lead to confusion. Abrupt and disconnected: interrupts sentence flow.

6. Quotations are like balloons: they need to be anchored by your own sentence or else they float away.

7. How Do I Integrate? Signal phrase + comma + quotation Death is not always something to fear. As Dumbledore reminds Harry , “to the well-organized mind, death is but the next great adventure” (Rowling 297).

8. Common Signal Phrases According to Sam Smith, In the words of Sam Smith, Sam Smith writes, Sam Smith argues,

9. Vary Your Verbs Instead of using the same verb for all signal phrases (e.g. Smith says), consider these verbs: Adds Argues Agrees Asserts Claims Comments Compares Declares Denies Disagrees Disputes Demonstrates Emphasizes Illustrates Implies Insists Observes Notes Points out Responds States Suggests Writes

10. II. Complete Sentence + Colon + Quotation As Dumbledore reminds Harry, death is not always something to fear : “to the well-organized mind, death is but the next great adventure” (Rowling 297).

11. III. Integrate Part of the Quotation into Your Own Sentence As Dumbledore reminds Harry, death is not something to fear “but [is] the next great adventure” (Rowling 297).

12. Don’t use semicolons to integrate quotations!! ;

13. Recap Signal phrase + comma + quotation Complete sentence + colon+ quotation Integrate part of the quotation into your own complete sentence