CONCEPTO
Construcción por la cual se presenta al sujeto como
pasivo, mientras que la acción ejecutada por el verbo
es desempeñada por el objeto directo.
USO
Se utiliza cuando la expresión está enfocada en la
acción sin importar quién o qué la realiza. Equivale a
«se» de la lengua castellana.
Ejemplo:
My bike was stolen / Se robaron mi bicicleta.
USO
A veces un enunciado en voz pasiva es más cortés
que en la activa.
Ejemplo:
A mistake was made / Se cometió un error
You made a mistake /Tú cometiste un error.
CARACTERÍSTICAS
El objeto de la oración activa cambia al sujeto
en la oración pasiva.
La forma del verbo cambia a (to be + participio
pasado).
El sujeto de la oración en voz pasiva cambia a
objeto de la pasiva o desaparece.
Solo los verbos transitivos pueden usarse en la
construcción pasiva.
FORMACIÓN
Se forma con el auxiliar del
verbo ser conjugado en el mismo tiempo
verbal que el verbo principal en la oración en
voz activa y el participio pasado del verbo
principal.
La oración en voz activa debe tener objeto
directo. Dicho objeto será el sujeto de la
oración en pasiva.
FORMACIÓN
Voz activa: Mary writes poetry
sujeto verbo principal objeto
presente simple
Voz pasiva: Poetry is written by Mary
sujeto to be verbo principal
presente participio pasado
simple
CAMBIOS VERBALES
VERB ACTIVE
PASSIVE
To be Participio pasado
Simple
present Make/makes Am/Is/are
made
past Made Was/were
future Will make Will be
Am/Is/are going to make Am/Is/are going to be
Present
perfect
Has/have made Has/have been
Past Had made Had been
Future Will have made Will have been
Continuous
present Am/Is/are making Am/Is/are being
past Was/were making Was/were being
future Will be making Will be being
present
perfect
Have/has been making Have/has been being
Had been making Had been being past
future Will have been making Will have been being
Modals
Can/could make
may/ might make
shall/ should/ought to make
will/would make
must make
Can/could be
may/might be
shall/ should/ought (to) be
will/would be
must be
EJEMPLOS
Mary writes poetry (Present Simple)
Poetry is written by Mary
Mary writes letters
Letters are written by Mary
Mary wrote emails (Past Simple)
Emails were written by Mary
EJEMPLOS
Mary will write poetry (Future Simple)
Poetry will be written by Mary
Mary is writing poetry (Present Continuous)
Poetry is being written by Mary
Mary has written poetry (Present Perfect)
Poetry has been written by Mary