Vulnerability-and risks and safety hazard

Informative

1. Vulnerability describes the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard. There are many aspects of vulnerability, arising from various physical, social, economic, and environmental factors. Vulnerability

2. Classification of Vulnerability Physical Vulnerability  may be determined by aspects such as population density levels, remoteness of a settlement, the site, design and materials used for critical infrastructure and for housing  (UNISDR). Example: Wooden homes are less likely to collapse in an earthquake, but are more vulnerable to fire.

3. 2 . Social Vulnerability refers to the socioeconomic and demographic factors that affect the resilience of communities . A number of factors, including poverty, lack of access to transportation, and crowded housing may weaken a community's ability to prevent human suffering and financial loss in the event of disaster. These factors are known as social vulnerability . Example:  When flooding occurs some citizens, such as children, elderly and differently-able, may be unable to protect themselves or evacuate if necessary.

4. 4 . Environmental Vulnerability - Natural resource depletion and resource degradation are key aspects of environmental vulnerability. The tendency of the environment to respond either positively or negatively to changes in human and climatic conditions . Example Oil spills can harm sea creatures, ruin a day at the beach, and make seafood unsafe to eat.

5. 1. Risk identification (RI) is a set of activities that detect, describe and catalog all potential risks to assets and processes that could have negatively impact business outcomes in terms of performance, quality, damage, loss or reputation . 2. Risk Classification determining the risk if it is major or minor. We have two risk classification Intensive risk is comprised of the exposure of large concentrations of people and economic activities to intense hazard events, which can lead to potentially catastrophic disaster impacts involving high mortality and asset loss . While Extensive risk refers to the risk associated with low severity, high-frequency (persistent) events, mainly but not exclusively associated with highly localized hazards, including flash floods, storms, fires and agricultural and water-related drought . How to deal with risk

6. 3. Risk Acceptance: an informed decision to accept the possible consequences and likelihood of a particular risk . 4. Risk Avoidance: an informed decision to avoid involvement in activities leading to risk realization . 5 . Risk Reduction refers to the application of appropriate techniques to reduce the likelihood of risk occurrence and its consequences . 6. Risk Transfer involves shifting of the burden of risk to another party. One of the most common forms of risk transfer is Insurance.