Water: A precious resource

To show water, properties and wastage

1. Water: A precious resource By, Jaideep

2. Water is a natural resource that is vital for both plants and animals. Water exists in abundance on our planet earth.

3. Forms of water There are three states of water, they are solids, liquids and gaseous. Here is a diagram of Forms of Water

4. Water cycle What is Water cycle? The continuous circulation of water in nature is called water cycle.

5. Evaporation - The conversation of liquid to vapour is called evaporation. Condensation - The conversation of vapour to liquid is called condensation. Precipitation- The falling down of water from clouds is called precipitation. Transpiration- The loss of water through water vapour is called transpiration.

6. Uses of water The uses of water can be broadly divided into agricultural , domestic and industrial uses. Agricultural needs Industrial needs 22% 70% 8% Domestic needs

7. Agricultural Use Water is used for irrigating fields through canals, pipelines and drip irrigation . Nearly 60% of the Indian population depends on agriculture for their living, and uses nearly 90% of all water for irrigation .

8. Percentage of water varies in different living organisms. Tree:60 % , Tomato: 90 % , Elephant: 80 % .

9. Domestic Use Water is used for cooking, bathing, cleaning, etc… Water is supplied by the municipality or from wells/bore wells.

10. Industrial Use Water is used in industries as a raw material, solvent, coolant and for making electricity. Word help Coolant A liquid that is used for cooling a machine. Word help Solvent Any substance that can dissolve is called solvent.

11. Sources of water Precipitation in the form of rain or snow provides fresh water to our planet earth. Most of the fresh water returns to the oceans through rivers flowing across the globe. The various sources of water can be divided into two main categories. Surface water Underground water or subsoil water

12. Surface water Water present on the surface of the earth is called surface water. It can be classified into three, Rain water River and lake water Sea and ocean water

13. Rain water It is the purest form of water. why? Yes, because as the water from seas and rivers evaporate to form of water vapour under the heat of the sun, it leaves behind all the impurities. When precipitation occurs, the first showers dissolve certain gases present in air and also bring suspended impurities with it.

14. River and lake water The water in these water bodies comes either from rainfall or melting of snow (glaciers) on the mountains. River

15. Sea and ocean water Oceans are a huge store of water. Millions of litres of water is present in them. But the water is salty and is not fit for any domestic or agricultural use.

16. Underground water or subsoil water Ground water is the water under the ground where the soil is completely filled or saturated with water. Rainwater seeps through topsoil and layers of rocks like limestone, sand and gravel and gets collected on top of non-porous layers. The top level of this underground water is called water table . Underground water is called and aquifer .

17. Under ground water or aquifer

18. Dam

19. Scarcity of water Scarcity of water is defined as a situation where there is insufficient water to satisfy normal requirements. Though water is a renewable resource, the factors of scarcity of water are, Increasing population. Increasing industries. Agricultural activities. Deforestation. Water scarcity will result in insufficient plant growth, decreased food production and famine.

20. Some causes of water scarcity In India some causes of water scarcity are: Uncontrolled use of bore well technology for extracting groundwater. Pollution of freshwater resources. No effective measures for water conservation.

21. Effects of water scarcity on plants You must have seen potted plants wilting and ultimately drying up if they did not get water even for a few days. Plants need water to get nutrients from the soil to prepare their food. So just imagine the consequences if water is not available to plants. The effects of water scarcity on plants are stunted growth, decreased food production and famine.

22. Conservation of water We can save water by, Avoid wastage Repair leaking tap Water the plants by drop and drop

23. Conservation of water Water saving practices are given below, Households can save water by promptly fixing leaks. Recycling of water is very important. By improving the methods of irrigating the fields. Rainwater harvesting.

24. Which is the continuous circulation of water on earth ( water table, water cycle ) Snow and frost are which forms of water ( solid , liquid) Which water is the purest form of water (lake, rain) Most of the water that exists on earth is which and which (seas and oceans, ponds and rivers) Fill in the blanks

25. The end Of Lesson