water pollution. and its effect on human being

water pollution and its sources and impact

1. Introduction
Primary sources
Contaminants
Effects
Control

2. Contamination of water bodies such as lakes,
rivers, oceans, and groundwater caused by human
activities.
Polluted -when it is impaired by anthropogenic
contaminants and either does not support a human
use.

3. PRIMARY SOURCES
POINT NON-POINT

4. CONTAMINANTS
ORGANIC INORGANIC
•Insecticides and Herbicides
•Organohalides
•Bacteria
•Food processing waste
•Tree debris,etc.
MACROSCOPIC
•Oil spill.
•Heavy metals
•Fertilisers
•Slash and burning
practices,etc.
•Nurdles
•Ship wrecks

6. BIOACCUMULATION
EUTROPHICATION
THERMAL POLLUTION
WATER BORNE DISEASES
ALL THE ABOVE MENTIONED PHENOMENONS
AFFECT THE AQUATIC FLORA AND FAUNA.

8. Extensive algal bloom

9. Thermal pollution refers to the heating or
cooling of water, both of which drastically alter
biota in a body of water.

11. DISEASE MICROBIAL
AGENT
SOURCES OF
AGENT
SYMPTOMS
Amoebiasis
Protozoan
(Entamoeba
histolytic) (Cyst-
like appearance)
Sewage, flies in
water supply
Abdominal
discomfort,
fatigue, weight
loss, diarrhoea,
gas pains
Fever, abdominal
pain
Ascariasis
Parasite
(Ascaris
lumbricoides)
contaminated
drinking water
with eggs
Loefflers
syndrome in lung,
nausea, vomiting,
diarrhoea,
malnutrition,
underdevelopment
Typhoid
Bacteria
(Salmonella typhi)
Water/food/direct
contact borne
weak, stomach
pains, headache,
or loss of appetite,
sustained fever

12. Precipitation
Evaporation
Reverse
osmosis
Ion
exchange
Electrodialysis
Precipitation

13. Precipitation: Precipitationreactions can be used for
removing saltsfrom water in water treatment.
Evaporation: Evaporation reactions can be used for
removing substances with higher boiling point than water.
Reverse osmosis: Reverse osmosis is used to retain the
impurities with the help of a semi permeable membrane.
Ion exchange: Ion exchange is used to purify, separate,
and decontaminate water with ion exchangers.
Electro dialysis:Electro dialysis is used to transport salt
ionsfrom water through ion-exchange membranesto another
solution under the influence of an applied electric potential
difference.

14. [23rd March, 1974.]
MAHARASHTRA
PREVENTION OF WATER
POLLUTION BOARD
(FOR THE PERIOD 1969-1981)
WATER (PREVENTION AND
CONTROL OF POLLUTION)
ACT, 1974

15. Definitions-Central govt.
"outlet“
"pollution“
"sewage effluent“
"sewer"

16. MAHARASHTRA GOVT.
•Water Pollution Act, 1969.
•The role of the Board was to educate the water polluting agencies to
comply with the provisions of the Act to Maharashtra Prevention of
Water Pollution Boardwas the first Board constituted in India under
the provisions of the Maharashtra Prevention of Water prevent water
pollution in the State.
•The Board carried out an extensive surveys and recommended the
State Government to define various river bodies as ‘Water Pollution
Prevention Area’ and covered more & more discharges by grant of
consent/s.
•19 river bodies defined as ‘Water Pollution Prevention Area’ under
the Maharashtra Prevention of Water Pollution Act, 1969.

18. .
REUSE OF WATER WHENEVER POSSIBLE, KITCHEN WATER CAN BE
USED FOR WATERING THE PLANTS .
PLAN YOUR KITCHEN ACTIVITY TO AVOID WASTAGE OF FUEL AND
WATER.
TAKE SHOWERS INSTEAD OF BATHS. SHOWERS USE LESS WATER -IF
YOU LIMIT THEM TO FIVE MINUTES. INSTALL LOW -FLOW SHOWER-
HEADS.
USE SPRINKLER FOR IRRIGATION.
USE SCIENTIFIC METHOD OF APPLICATION FERTILIZERS.

19. DON'T KEEP ON THE TAP RUNNING WHILE HAVING, BATH,
BRUSHING TEETH, OR WASHING DISHES IT WASTES ABOUT 2
LITERS OF WATER EVERY MINUTE .
DON’T WASH THE CLOTHES AND KITCHEN UTENSILS IN THE
WATER BODIES .
DON’T LITTER. WHEN CAMPING, KEEP THE AREAS CLEAN.
NEVER DUMP ANYTHING INTO THE WATER BODIES .
AVOID THROWING FLOWERS, SWEETS, PUJA MATERIALS
INTO A RIVER. IT WILL DEGRADE THE QUALITY OF WATER.
THE RIVER WONT BE HAPPY WITH THIS.

20. “……..ThankGodmencannotfly,
andlaywastethesky
aswellastheearth……..”
~Henry David
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