Water pollution - causes, effect and control.pdf

water pollution

1. ENV 101
sec-6
FerdousAhmed id:1430300
Md. NuruddinZahidid:1430497
JahidulIslam Shamonid:1430349
Md. JahidulAlamid:1430311
IkramHossainid:1421091

2. Water Pollution.
Itis the contamination
ofwaterbodies (e.g. lakes,
rivers, oceans, aquifers and
groundwater).Water
pollutionoccurs when
pollutants are directly or
indirectly discharged
intowaterbodies without
adequate treatment to
remove harmful
compounds.
INTRODUCTION

3. Types Of Water Pollution
1.Biological
•Infectious Disease ( Pathogens )
•Oxygen-DemadingWaste
2. Chemical
•Nutrients ( Fertilizers )
•Toxic Inorganic Materials
•Persistent Organic Pollutants
(POPs)
3. Physical
•Sediments
•Thermal Pollution
•Solid waste

4. Causes of Water Pollution
1.Industrial waste:
Industriesproducehuge
amountofwastewhich
containstoxicchemicalsand
pollutantswhichcancauses
waterpollutionaswellasair
pollutiontoourenvironment.
Theycontainpollutantssuch
aslead,mercury,sulphur,
asbestos,nitratesandmany
otherharmfulchemicals.

5. 2. Sewage and waste water:
Thesewageandwastewater
thatisproducedbyeach
householdischemically
treatedandreleasedintosea
withfreshwater.Thesewage
watercarriesharmfulbacteria
andchemicalsthatcancause
serioushealthproblems.
Pathogensareknownasa
commonwaterpollutant.

6. 3.MarineOilSpilling:
Oilspillposeahugeconcern
aslargeamountofoilenters
intotheseaanddoesnot
dissolvewithwater;thereby
opensproblemforlocal
marinewildlifesuchasfish,
birdsandseaotters.Fore.g.:
ashipcarryinglargequantity
ofoilmayspilloilifmetwith
anaccidentandcancause
varyingdamagetospeciesin
theoceandependingonthe
quantityofoilspill,sizeof
ocean,toxicityofpollutant.

7. 4. Radioactive Waste:
Nuclear energy is produced
using nuclear fission or fusion.
The element that is used in
production of nuclear energy is
Uranium which is highly toxic
chemical. The nuclear waste
that is produced by radioactive
material needs to be disposed
off to prevent any nuclear
accident. Nuclear waste can
have serious environmental
hazards if not disposed off
properly. Few major accidents
have already taken place in
Russia and Japan.

8. 5. Chemical fertilizers and pesticides:
Chemicalfertilizersandpesticidesare
usedbyfarmerstoprotectcrops
frominsectsandbacterias.Theyare
usefulfortheplantsgrowth.
However,whenthesechemicalsare
mixedupwithwaterproduce
harmfulforplantsandanimals.Also,
whenitrains,thechemicalsmixesup
withrainwaterandflowdowninto
riversandcanalswhichposeserious
damagesforaquaticanimals.
andets..

9. Effects Of Water Pollution
•Ecosystems are destroyed by the rising
temperature in the water, as coral
reefs are affected by the bleaching
effect due to warmer
temperatures.Additionally, the warm
water forces indigenous water species
to seek cooler water in other areas,
causing an ecological damaging shift of
the affected area.
•Oil spills in the water causes animal to
die when they ingest it or encounter
it.Oil does not dissolve in water so it
causes suffocation in fish and birds.

10. •Swimminginanddrinkingcontaminated
watercausesskinrashesandhealth
problemslikecancer,reproductive
problems,typhoidfeverandstomach
sicknessinhumans.Whichiswhyit’svery
importanttomakesurethatyourwateris
cleanandsafetodrink.
•Human-producedlitterofitemssuchas
plasticbagsand6-packringscangetaquatic
animalscaughtandkilledfromsuffocation.
•Industrialchemicalsandagricultural
pesticidesthatendupinaquatic
environmentscanaccumulateinfishthat
arelatereatenbyhumans.Fishareeasily
poisonedwithmetalsthatarealsolater
consumedbyhumans.Mercuryis
particularlypoisonoustosmallchildrenand
women.Mercuryhasbeenfoundto
interferewiththedevelopmentofthe
nervoussysteminfetusesandyoung
children.

11. WaterPollutionControl
Waterpollutionpreventionandcontrolmeasuresare
criticaltoimprovingwaterqualityandreducingthe
needforcostlywastewateranddrinkingwater
treatment.Becausewaterpollutioncancomefrom
manydifferentsources,avarietyofpollution
preventionandcontrolmeasuresareneeded.
Thepreferredapproachfortheprotectionof
groundwaterresourcesispollutionprevention.
Althoughdrinkingwaterstandardsgenerallyapplyto
theuseofgroundwatersupplies,therawwater
suppliesrequireprotectionfromcontamination.
Governmentalentitiessuchasministriesofhealth,
naturalresourcesagencies,andenvironmental
protectionagenciesaregenerallyresponsibleforsuch
activities.Groundwaterpollutioncontroleffortsare
largelydirectedatprotectionofwaterbodies.

12. Conclusion
Waterpollutionisbadandit’snotgoodforpeopletodrink
thewaterthat’spollutedandforallorganismsthatneed
watertosurvive.Therearemillionsofpeoplethatdon’t
havegoodcleanaccesstowaterandthattheyevenhave
todrinkthebadpollutedwaterforthemitsurvive,Sewage
cancausewaterpollutionalongwiththetoxicchemicals
fromIndustrialbusiness.Thereareabunchofwater
pollutionsliketoxicandorganicandthermalwater.And
solutionstostopthewaterpollutionaretocleanupthe
garbageandkeepyouryardclean.Totrytostopthewater
pollutioncleanupyouryardandmakesurethereisno
garbageleftanywherearoundintheareayoulivelikethe
streets and neighborhood.