water resources.pdf

water resources which are used by living beings for many purposes.

1. WAT E R RE S O URC E S
I N I ND I A
Name–Aditya
Univers ityrollno.-225041002
Course–M.Sc.Agronomy(2nd
Sem)
Submittedto–Dr.KaranVerma

2. INTRODUCTION
•3/4 of the Earth's surface is covered with water
•It is one of the most important natural resources
•all living things depend on water
•it is also used in household purposes and crop management
•Around 70% of freshwater withdrawals go into agriculture
•the uses within the sector are very diverse and include
mainly irrigation pesticide and fertilizer application and
sustaining livestock.

3. SOURCES OF
WATER
1.River.
2.Groundwater.
3.Rainwater.
4.Glaciers .
5.Lakes .

4. RIVER
Canals are small channels through which water from rivers or dams are
diverted to the fields.
They are dug to take water to where there is water shortage.
Irrigation: Irrigation is the main use of rivers, water flow to rivers
keeping many agricultural lands not to dry.
Drinking: Main use of river water is for drinking purposes and most of
the countries use river water for drinking.
Hydroelectricity: Hydroelectricity is another main use of rivers in which
electricity is generated and supplied to industries and homes.

5. GROUNDWATER
57 billion gallons per day.
Groundwater use in irrigation was estimated to be57 billion gallons per day, or about 67%. Irrigation
is the largest consumer of groundwater.
Roughly 60 percent of global groundwater use is for irrigation; most of the rest is used in households and
industry.
Groundwater provides drinking water entirely or in part for as much as 50% of the global population and
accounts for 43% of all of water used for irrigation (UNWWAP, 2015). Worldwide, 2.5 billion people
depend solely on groundwater resources to satisfy their basic daily water needs (UNWWAP, 2015).

6. RAINWATER
Harvested rainwateris the perfect candidate for irrigation use in addition to
so many other water uses. By using rainwater harvesting systems to supply
water for some, or all of our water needs, you can reduce our dependence on
municipally treated water.
Rainwater harvesting(RWH) is the collection and storage of rain, rather
than allowing it to run off. Rainwater is collected from a roof-like surface and
redirected to a tank, cistern, deep pit (well, shaft, or borehole),aquifer, or a
reservoir with percolation, so that it seeps down and restores the ground water.
Rainwater harvesting is one of the simplest and oldest methods ofself-supply of
waterfor households, having been used in South Asia and other countries for
many thousands of years.

7. LAKES
Lakes provide a place for water to collect and be stored. With their depths,
water can run into a lake and stay for a period of time. Water from rivers and
streams flow into lakes. Farmers make use of lake water toirrigate their
crops.
A lake is abody of water that is surrounded by land.There are millions
of lakes in the world. They are found on every continent and in every kind of
environmentin mountains and deserts, on plains, and near seashores.
As mentioned earlier, lakes are a hotbed for organisms and many food chains
exist on lakes. Humans can make use of these lakes to gather not only crops but
great sources of nutrition.

8. GLACIERS
Provide drinking water. Approximately 75% of all of the world’s fresh water is
locked up in glacier ice.
Irrigate crops. Throughout history, countries have used melting glaciers to water
their crops and power their agriculture.
Generate power. It’s possible to use the meltwater from glaciers to power
hydroelectric dams, providing electricity for the area.
where in the pre-monsoon season up to 60% of the total irrigation withdrawals
originate from mountain snow and glacier melt, and that it contributes an
additional 11% to total crop production.

9. ROLE OF WATER IN THE ECOSYSTEM
•Water links and maintains all ecos ys tems on the planet. The main function of water is to
propel plant growth; provide a permanent dwelling for s pecies that live within it, or provide a
temporary home or breeding ground for multiple amphibians , ins ects and other water-
birthed organis ms ; and to provide the nutrients and minerals neces s ary to s us tain phys ical
life. As nature's mos t important nutrient, people need water to s urvive.
•Evaporationhappens when liquid water changes to a gas eous s tate as vapor
•Trans pirationrepres ents evaporation of water from plant and tree roots into the atmos phere
•Sublimationdes cribes how s now and ice change to water vapor without becoming liquid
•Condens ationhappens when water vapor becomes water droplets via cloud formation
•Trans portationdefines how water moves through the atmos phere in its s olid, liquid or
gas eous form
•Precipitationis the water that falls to the planet as ice, rain, s now, s leet, drizzle or hail
•Depos itionis how water vapor changes to a s olid s tate without becoming liquid, like fros t
•Infiltrationdefines how water s eeps into the ground and then percolates into the water table
•Surface flowdes cribes how rivers , lakes and s tream flow to the ocean along with
underground aquifers
•Plant uptakeexplains that plants only us e 1 percent of the water pulled in by their roots ,
while the res t goes back into the atmos phere

10. THANKYOU