Water soluble vitamins

Biochemistry for medical students

1. Water-soluble Vitamins Muhammad Umer Zafar and Turan Kaya

2. Types Muhammad Umer Zafar and Turan Kaya

3. Vitamin ‘B’ and ‘C’ Vitamin Chemical name Deficiency disease Food sources B1 Thiamine Beriberi Liver, eggs, vegs B2 Riboflavin Glossitis Dairy, asparagus B3 Niacin Pellagra Meat, eggs, vegs B5 Pantothenic acid Paresthesia Meat, broccoli B6 Pyridoxine Anemia Meat, vegs B7 Biotin Dermatitis Liver, peanuts B9 Folic acid Megaloblastic anemia Pasta, bread, cereal B12 Cyano , hydroxo , methylcobalamin Megaloblastic anemia Meat & animal products C Ascorbic acid Scurvy Fruits, vegs Muhammad Umer Zafar and Turan Kaya

4. Vitamin B1 Muhammad Umer Zafar and Turan Kaya Also known as Thiamine S ources : Pork, oatmeal, brown rice, vegetables, potatoes, liver, eggs Deficiency disease: Beriberi, Wernicke-Karskoff syndrome Over dose: can drowsiness or muscle relaxation

5. Vitamin B2 Muhammad Umer Zafar and Turan Kaya Also known as Riboflavin-FMN and FAD co-factors S ources : Dairy products, bananas, popcorn, green beans, asparagus Deficiency disease: Ariboflavinosis , Glossitis , Angular Stomatitis Over dose: n/a

6. Vitamin B3 Muhammad Umer Zafar and Turan Kaya Also known as Niacin, niacinamide (not a true vitamin, can be derived from amino acid tryptophan) S ources : Meat, fish, eggs, many vegetables, mushrooms, tree nuts Deficiency disease: Pellagra Over dose: liver damage and cardiac arrythmias

7. Vitamin B5 Muhammad Umer Zafar and Turan Kaya Also known as Pantothenic acid S ources : Meat, broccoli, avocados Deficiency disease: Paresthesia Over dose: Diarrhea ; possibly nausea and heartburn

8. Vitamin B6 Muhammad Umer Zafar and Turan Kaya Also known as pyridoxine, pyridoxal and pyridoxamine S ources : Meat, vegetables, tree nuts, bananas Deficiency disease: anemia , peripheral neuropathy Over dose: Impairment of proprioception , nerve damage

9. Vitamin B7 Muhammad Umer Zafar and Turan Kaya Also known as Biotin S ources : Raw egg yolk, liver, peanuts, leafy green vegetables Deficiency disease: dermatitis, enteritis Over dose: n/a

10. Vitamin B9 Muhammad Umer Zafar and Turan Kaya Also known as Folic Acid S ources : Leafy vegetables, pasta, bread, cereal, liver Deficiency disease: Megaloblastic anemia  and Deficiency during pregnancy is associated with birth defects, such as neural tube defects Over dose: May mask symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency

11. Vitamin B12 Muhammad Umer Zafar and Turan Kaya Also known as Cyano , Hydroxo , methylcobalamin S ources : Meat and other animal products Deficiency disease: Megaloblastic anemia Over dose: Acne-like rash

12. Vitamin C Muhammad Umer Zafar and Turan Kaya Also known as Ascorbic Acid S ources : Many fruits and vegetables, liver Deficiency disease: Scruvy Over dose: Vitamin C megadosage