WATER TREATMENT PLANT final ppt for water treatment

water treatment plant

1. MGM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, KAMOTHE,NAVI MUMBAI DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING A CASE STUDY OF WATER TREATMENT PLANT:BHOKARPADA PANVEL, NAVI MUMBAI PRESENTED BY: MAHAJAN ANURAG DEEPAK (35) NAIK CHINAR DIPAK (42) NARALE PRATHAMESH TANAJI (44) SHEREKAR BHAVESH VINOD ( 5 8 ) GUIDED BY : PROF . SMITA HAILKAR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR CIVIL ENGINEERING

2. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION AIM OF WORK OBJECTIVE OF WORK W.T.P AIM WATER TREATMENT PROCESS STEPS IN WATER TREATMENT DIFFERENT TYPES OF PROCESSES WATER POLLUTION WATER QUALITY I.S.(10500) SPECIFICATION FOR DRINKING WATER CONCLUSION SCOPE OF THE WORK REFERENCES

3. INTRODUCTION Water treatment is whereby the used water or raw water from the river is treated in process to make the water more acceptable for a desired end-used. The goal of water treatment is to remove existing contaminants in the water, or reduce the concentration of such contaminants so the water becomes fit for its desired end-used. For providing continuous and good quality of water to all the regions in Maharashtra throughout the year, Government of Maharashtra has constructed new water treatment plants during the past few years performance of these plants is an essential parameter to be monitored and evaluated for better understanding of design and operating difficulties in water treatment plants. This mini project outlines the finding of investigation of the water treatment plant at bhokarpada Taluka Khalapur , District Raigad. The physio-chemical analysis is proposed to be conducted to investigate water quality .The conclusions drawn from this study will outlines the importance of accurate engineering design and need for continues monitoring analysis of each unit performance.

4. AIMS OF WORK 1) To study the process of water treatment. 2) To study the types of water treatment plant used.

5. OBJECTIVE OF THE WORK Water treatment is a process involving different types of operations (physical, chemical, physicochemical and biological), the aim of which is to eliminate and/or reduce contamination or non-desirable characteristics of water.

6. SR NO TITLE OF PAPER AND PUBLICATION NAME OF AUTHER FINDING 1 Dahl, M, Mid Sweden University, 2016, Dahl, M “Water treatment and chlorination” have thoroughly studied and published literature on environmental sciences which highlights regarding various parameters of water treatment and various types of for chlorination 2 Mohamed, F., Derraz, M., 30 June 2016. “Review on Optimization of Drinking Water Treatment Process” Mohamed, F., Derraz In the drinking water treatment processes, the optimization of the treatment is an issue of particular concern.

7. 3 Alvaro, E., and Kevin, M., July 19, 2004 “Literature Review of Feedback Control for Drinking Water Purification” Alvaro, E., and Kevin, M. Purification of drinking water is a very important problem in environmental engineering. Purification of drinking water is typically achieved via adding a disinfectant. 4 Gerba, C, Drinking Water Treatment Environmental Microbiology (Second Edition), 2009 Gerba, C The application of modern water treatment processes had a major impact on water-transmitted diseases, and these processes provide barriers—or lines of defense— between the consumer and waterborne disease.

8. LITERATURE REVIEW Dahl, M, Mid Sweden University, 2016, “water treatment and chlorination” have thoroughly studied and published literature on environmental sciences which highlights regarding various parameters of water treatment and various types of for chlorination. Also, he suggested some treatments for treating heavily contaminated raw water. The objective of this study is to provide water treatment operators with methods and practices that enable to attain the most effective use of the facility and in consequence optimize the cubic meter price of the treated water. Civil Engineering Department of SCMS School of Engineering & Technology , 2020 “FIELD VISIT TO WATER TREATMENT PLANT ALUVA” . organized a field visit to Water Treatment Plant, Alava as a part of Environmental Engineering studies. Fifty final civil engineering students joined the visit under the guidance of faculty Asst. Professor Ms. Lakshmi Priya & Asst. Professor Ms. Safy Rachel Abraham. There a class about the plant was arranged by the Kerala Water Authority, Aluva division. Mr. Praveen explained well about the structure and working of the water purification plant and offered us a visit to the concerned areas. Students got an excellent benefit by visiting the biggest water purification plant in Kerala with a capacity of 310 million liters /day and understand about the purification methods

9. WATER TREATMENT PROCESS Fig. 1 WATER TREATMENT PROCESS Source:

10. PANOROMIC VIEW OF W.T.P. LOCATED AT BHOKARPADA MAP OF W.T.P. BHOKARPADA Fig. 2 Artistic panoramic view of the scheme Source: Bhokarpada wtp booklet Fig. 3 work in progress at morbe dam site Source: Bhokarpada wtp booklet

11.   METHDOLOGY COLLECTION (STILLING CHAMBER) PARSHALL FLUME PRE CHLORINATIONS COAGULATION FLASH MIXING FLOCCULATION SEDIMENTATION RAPID SAND FILTRATION

12. COLLECTION (STILLING CHAMBER ) The raw water which is supplied to the water treatment plant comes in stilling chamber from Patalganga river having Head Works near Vayal Village, Taluka - Khalapur , District-Raigad. The Tail race water from Tata Electric Power House near Gangangiri Maharaj Math ( Khopoli ) is released in Patalganga river and hence Patalganga river is a perennial (12 months flowing river). Liquid (usually water) can get dissolved gas (usually air) in it when it flows or is pumped rapidly. A stilling chamber is a larger dimensioned portion of the system specifically designed to allow the liquid flow rate to significantly decrease. When the liquid flow rate is decreased, the entrapped gas can rise to the surface, degassing the liquid. So, the larger volume area is called a stilling chamber because the liquid is allowed to be relatively motionless in it. The specific process and the liquid/gas combination determine the size and configuration of a stilling chamber. relative to the rest of the process system.

13. Note: It is to note here that normally aeration fountain is provided in water treatment plant, but here stilling chamber is provided because Patalganga River is source and it is only 5.3km away from WTP hence, Natural aeration of river water takes place. Fig. 4 COLLECTION (STILLING CHAMBER) Source: Site Visit

14. PARSHALL FLUME The Parshall flume is an open channel flow metering device that was developed to measure the flow of surface waters and irrigation flows. The Parshall flume is a fixed  hydraulic structure . It is used to measure  volumetric flowrate  in industrial discharges, municipal sewer lines, and influent/effluent flows in wastewater treatment plants. The Parshall flume accelerates flow through a contraction of both the parallel sidewalls and a drop in the floor at the flume throat. Under free-flow conditions the depth of water at specified location upstream of the flume throat can be converted to a rate of flow. Fig. 5 PARSHALL FLUME Source: Site Visit

15. PRE CHLORINATION A dose of 0.20 to 0.50 ppm (parts per millions) is given. In Pre-Chlorination, Chlorine is added to raw water prior to flash mixing. The Pre-Chlorination helps in controlling of Algae growth problem in various channels and filter beds. It also helps in reducing order and mud boll formation in sand filters. Fig. 6 PRE CHORINATION Source: Site Visit

16. COAGULATION By adjusting the electrostatic charges of particles suspended in water, the chemical water treatment process known as coagulation removes solids from water. In order to destabilize the charges on particles, colloids, or oily materials in suspension, this procedure introduces small, highly charged molecules into water. Fig. 7 COAGULATION Source: Site Visit

17. FLASH MIXING To evenly distribute and blend chemicals into the process stream, such as coagulant aids, chlorine, and Sulphur dioxide, a quick (or flash) mixer is utilized. These substances—in solution or slurry form—are added for neutralization, odor and colour control, and/or to help with solids removal. Fig. 8 FLASH MIXING Source: Site Visit

18. FLOCCULATION Solids are grouped into larger flocs during the water treatment process of flocculation in order to be removed from the water. It's possible for this process to occur naturally or with the use of chemicals. It is a typical technique for treating wastewater, stormwater, and purifying drinking water. Fig. 9 FLOCCULATION Source: Site Visit

19. SEDIMENTATION Sedimentation is the process of allowing particles in suspension in water to settle out of the suspension under the effect of gravity. The particles that settle out from the suspension become sediment, and in water treatment is known as sludge. Fig. 10 SEDIMENTATION Source: Site Visit

20. RAPID SAND FILTRATION Rapid sand filtration is a purely physical drinking water purification method. Rapid sand filters (RSF) provide rapid and efficient removal of relatively large suspended particles. Two types of RSF are typically used: rapid gravity and rapid pressure sand filters. Fig. 10 RAPID SAND FILTRATION Source: Site Visit

21. DIFFERENT TYPES OF PROCESSES ♦ Collection of water from the dam or reservoir ♦ Coagulant (Alum and Lime added) ♦ Flocculation Tank ♦ Sedimentation Basin or Tank ♦ Sludge Collection ♦ Sludge Thickening ♦ Storage of sludge, reuse and disposal ♦ Filtration ♦ Disinfection and Fluoridation ♦ Water Storage ♦ Water Distribution

22. INDIAN STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR DRINKING WATER IS: 10500

23. CASE STUDY TEMPERATURE TURBIDITY Ph RESIDUAL CHLORINE

24. RESULT ANALYSIS

25. Temperature

26. TURBIDITY

27. PH OF WATER SAMPLE

28. RESIDUAL CHLORINE

29. CONCLUSION Wastewater treatment plants rely on sensitive bio-chemical processes and can present operation challenges, particularly in harsh climates. Furthermore, the potential damage to the environment of process failure is high. To reduce this risk, it was initially proposed to investigate the possibility of the adoption of a design-build-operate-transfer (DBOT) modality for procurement. It is understood that a set of standard contract documents for such modalities are under formulation by the Government with the assistance of the ADB. Furthermore, such an approach has recently been adopted by Government in the tender for the construction of a new WWTP. The study indicates that there is efficient reduction in parameter from treatment units of CETP. Up to 20% COD reduction is obtained at biological treatment. Removal of oil and grease is also in desirable range. pH variations are there in outlet but outlet pH values are in required range. Chlorides reduction is not obtained anywhere in the treatment provided at CETP. There is need to provide treatment for chloride removal.

30. SCOPE OF THE WORK Water treatment is any process that improves the quality of water to make it appropriate for a specific end-use. The end use may be drinking, industrial water supply, irrigation, river flow maintenance, water recreation or many other uses, including being safely returned to the environment.

31. REFERENCES Gulhane M.L., Yadav P.G., associate professor, student, “Performance of the modified multi – media filter for domestic wastewater treatment”, Proceedings of 3rd IRF International Conference, 10th May-2014, Goa, India, ISBN: 978-93-84209-15-5. Helen Kalavathy , Lima Rose Miranda and Padmini. E, dept of Chemical Engineering, A.C.Tech , Anna University, Chennai, “Surface modified Agave sisalana as an adsorbent for the removal of nickel from aqueous solutions- Kinetics and Equilibrium studies”. Husham T. Ibrahim1,2, He Qiang1, Wisam S. Al-Rekabi2 and Yang Qiqi1, “Improvements in Biofilm Processes for Wastewater Treatment”, Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 11 (8): 708-734, 2012 ISSN 1680-5194 © Asian Network for Scientific Information. CPHEEO Manual on water supply published by CENTRAL GOVERNMENT. A handbook on water supply and sanitation published by Chief Engineer S.W Bajwa . Book on water supply by Fair gair and oken published by mecra hill. Book on water supply author R.C Rangwala .

32. SITE VISIT